...Johnson Analysis The name of case we are analyzing is the case of Texas vs Johnson. This events that lead to Johnson being brought to court was that he participated in an demonstration against then President Reagan’s policies. Once the political protest reached Dallas City Hall ,Johnson was then was handed an American Flag which he then doused in kerosene and set it alight, luckily, no one was harmed during this flag burning but some bystanders were seriously offended by the flag burning.This case was brought upon Gregory Lee Johnson as he was charged with desecration of a venerated object which violated the Texas Penal Code. He was then convicted and sentenced to one year in prison and received a fine $2,000. The original plaintiff...
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...an American flag and he set it on fire. Procedural History: After trial Respondent was convicted, sentenced to a year in prison and fined $2000. Respondent appealed his conviction, but lost in the Court of Appeals for the Fifth District of Texas. He then took his case to the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. Respondent’s conviction was overturned; the court maintained that Respondent could not be punished for exercising a right to free speech that is protected by the First Amendment. Issue(s): Is burning a flag an act of protected free speech? Rules: First Amendment, free speech; United States v O’Brian, the First Amendment forbids the abridgment only of “speech,” but we have long recognized that its protection does not end at the spoken or written word, “view that an apparently limitless variety of conduct can be labeled ‘speech’ whenever the person engaging in the conduct intends thereby to express and idea.”; Spencer v Washington, we have acknowledged that conduct may be “sufficiently imbued with elements of communication to fall within the scope of the First and Fourteenth Amendments.” Analysis: The court considered the First Amendment and whether its free speech protection extended to include nonverbal speech acts and whether Respondent’s action could be considered expressive conduct, in which case Respondent would be able to invoke his First Amendment rights to protect him. The State of Texas conceded for the purposes of its oral argument in this case that Respondent’s...
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...PA205: Introduction to Legal Analysis and Writing Unit 1 Case Study In 1984, the Republican Party met in Dallas, Texas for their national convention. President Ronald Reagan, seeking a second term in office, was to be officially named the Republican Party’s candidate for President. During the convention, opponents of Reagan’s policies organized a political protest in Dallas, which attracted over 100 protestors. Among the protestors was Gregory Lee Johnson. As the demonstrators marched through the streets chanting slogans, another protester handed Gregory Johnson an American flag that had been taken from a flagpole at one of their protest locations. Upon reaching Dallas City Hall, Johnson doused the flag with kerosene and set it ablaze. Johnson and his fellow demonstrators circled the burning flag and shouted anti- American slogans. No one was injured or threatened with injury by Johnson’s act, but many who witnessed it were deeply offended. Dallas police officers arrested Johnson and charged him with violating section 42.09(a)(3) of the Texas Penal Code, which prohibited the “desecration of a venerable object.” Johnson pleaded not guilty in Dallas County Criminal Court, and after a trial was found guilty of violating the statute. He was sentenced to one year in prison and fined $2,000. State v. Johnson, No. CCR 84-46013-J (Crim. Ct. No. 7, Dallas Cnty. Tex. Dec. 13, 1984). Johnson appealed his case to the Texas Court of Appeals, Fifth District, claiming that the statute under...
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...The interpretation validates that the government cannot advance nor inhibit religion and insures that no law may impose particular burdens on religious institutions. Furthermore, the government is to refrain from protecting symbolic speech (i.e. burning the American flag) unless the symbolic speech coveys an illegal act through the political message (i.e. burning a draft card is illegal while flag burning is considered protected speech in the United States unless it...
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... Including Washington State, where it send its salespeople. Who even though were not authorized to collect payments from the customers still were involved in renting spaces in hotels and businesses, display of sample products and taking orders. So when Washington State sought contributions to the state’s unemployment fund and did not get them, it sued International Shoe who argued that it was not engaged in business in the state. 3. Issue: Did International Shoe have sufficient minimum contacts in Washington State to permit jurisdiction there? 4. Rule: Yes. Minimum contacts with the forum state can enable a court in that state to exert personal jurisdiction over a party consistent with the Due Process clause. 5. Analysis: The activities carried on by International Shoe Co. in Washington were systematic and continuous rather than irregular or casual. The defendant received the benefits and protection of the laws of the state and is subject to jurisdiction there. 6. Conclusion: Judgment affirmed; the state may maintain the present suit to collect the tax. II. 1. Title: Stinton v. Robin’s Wood, Inc. (p. 57) Judgment at trial for Stinton; Defendants appeal. 2. Facts: Ethel Flanzraich, 78 years old, slipped and fell on the steps of property owned by Robin’s Wood. Flanzraich broke her left leg and left arm, so she sued Robin’s Wood alleging that her injuries were caused because of negligence of Anthony Monforte (Robin’s Wood employee) who...
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...PA205: Introduction to Legal Analysis and Writing Prof. Wendi Cline Kaplan University November 13, 2014 By, Heather Leigh Bradley 1. The case study references one state statute. Identify it and explain what it prohibits. “The case study of State vs. Johnson references one specific state statue, 42.09(a)(3) of the Texas Penal Code, Desecration of a Venerated Object. A person commits an offense if he/she intentionally or knowingly desecrates, a state or national flag. “Desecrate” means to deface, damage, destroy, vandalize and/or mistreat in a way that the actor knowingly will greatly offend one or more persons are like to observe or discover his/her action. This offense is a Class A misdemeanor “(Case Study Texas vs. Johnson, 2014). The statue prohibits intentionally or knowingly desecrating, destroying, damaging, burning, mistreating of a state or national flag in public that will seriously offend one or more persons and is witnessed by one or more persons. This statue was made to prohibit only flagrant acts of flag desecration that take place in a public setting or place (Case Study Texas vs. Johnson, 2014). 2. Which branch of government created the state statute? The state statue, 42.09(a)(3) of the Texas Penal Code, Desecration of a Venerated Object, was created under legislative branch. The State’s interest is to prevent a breach of peace by prohibiting certain acts of flag desecration have been considered to be unrelated to the suppression...
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...Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989), was an important decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that invalidated prohibitions on desecrating the American flag enforced in 48 of the 50 states. Justice William Brennan wrote for a five-justice majority in holding that the defendant Gregory Lee Johnson's act of flag burning was protected speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Gregory Lee "Joey" Johnson, then a member of the Revolutionary Communist Youth Brigade, participated in a political demonstration during the 1984 Republican National Convention in Dallas, Texas. The demonstrators were protesting the policies of the Reagan Administration and of certain companies based in Dallas. They marched through the streets, shouted chants, and held signs outside the offices of several companies. At one point, another demonstrator handed Johnson an American flag stolen from a flagpole outside one of the targeted buildings. When the demonstrators reached Dallas City Hall, Johnson poured kerosene on the flag and set it on fire. During the burning of the flag, demonstrators shouted such phrases as, "America, the red, white, and blue, we spit on you, you stand for plunder, you will go under," and, "Reagan, Mondale, which will it be? Either one means World War III." No one was hurt, but some witnesses to the flag burning said they were extremely offended. Johnson was charged with violating the Texas law that prohibits vandalizing respected objects (desecration of a venerated...
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...This case study references the Texas Penal Code Annotated (Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 42.09(a)(3), which penalizes such physical mistreatment of "a national flag" as Mr. Gregory Lee Johnson should know this incident could possibly offend some people and cause a lot of controversy as well. The state of Texas Legislative branch created this statue. The case study discussed the court case of the state of Texas versus Gregory Lee Johnson. This case was heard by three lower courts before it reached the United States Supreme Court. The first court was the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals which is deemed the highest court in the state of Texas, the Texas Court of Appeals, Fifth District and Dallas County Criminal Court. The United States Supreme Court’s decision on the case rendered the Texas statute invalid for the charges made against Gregory Lee Johnson however; the Court did grant Texas permission to make flag burning punishable by law in instances where it constitutes an actual danger or lawless action. Common law is defined as law that has been developed on the basis of preceding rulings by judges. Common law is by far and wide based on judgments made in the past over hundreds of years. Common law is also known as case law and is of two types – one where judgments passed become new laws where there are no statutes and the other where judges interpret the existing law and determines new boundaries and distinctions. Determination of common law for a particular...
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...Louisville, Kentucky, located in Pleasure Ridge Park neighborhood. I will describe how the utility company LG&E is guilty of Environmental injustice to the Louisville residents of the Pleasure Ridge Park neighborhood, which Bell describes as powerless communities that suffer from human caused environmental disasters by the hands of powerful organizations and governments (Bell 2009). Case Summary Louisville Gas and Electric Company is a utility company that provides natural gas and electricity services for Louisville, Kentucky, which total to approx. 718,000 customers, as well the 16 surrounding counties (Unknown, Author 2014). LG&E provides these services from the Cane Run Power Plant located in the Pleasure Park Neighborhood, where the per capita income per household is approx. $21,831 per person (Unknown, Author 2013). This amount is considered considerably low. The power plant has been problematic for the residents of Pleasure Park for many years for a number of reasons, such as coal ash, which is a byproduct from burning coal, strong odors, and dust. Residents have reported burning nostrils and throat, abdominal pains, headaches, and sinus problems, eye and skin irritation, severe mental and physically stability, all of which residents are linking to the Cane Run Power Plant in their backyard (Peterson 2014). Not only have the residents affected physically, but they have...
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...Aim……………………………………………………... Collection of Data……………………………………………………… Summary of Findings………………………………………………….. Analysis and Interpretation…………………………………………….. Conclusion……………………………………………………………… Bibliography……………………………………………………………. ACKNOWLEDEGMENT INTRODUCTION This SBA speaks and teaches about Rastafarian symbols and their impact on daily lives also why they are needed in sermons and in addition to inform us on how they are used. TOPIC OF RESEARCH Rastafarian Symbols STATEMENT OF AIMS 1. How Rastafarian Symbols have an impact on today’s life. 2. Deduce why symbols are needed in sermons. 3. Deduce how the symbols are appropriately used. COLLECTON OF DATA DATE | METHOD OF INVESTIGATION | PROCEDURE | January 9 2016 | Reviewed literature | Analyzed research papers and utilized encyclopedia info. | January 10 2016 | Interview | Interviewed several individuals on their view of the religion. | January 12 2016 | Reviewed Religious Blogs and sites. | Search through sites and blogs with appropriate involvement with topic. | SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Firstly, we focus on the symbolic flag that contains the red, yellow, and green colors. The red represents the blood of the martyrs. The yellow represents the wealth and prosperity of Africa. The green represents the lush vegetation of Zion. The conquering Lion in the centre of the flag symbolizes Africa and the Emperor...
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...each symbol is used. * Assess the significance of each symbol to the Rastafarian community. The data was collected between the periods of July 10-19, 2012. The researcher visited the St Ann’s bay parish library where the researcher found information on the beliefs and symbols of the Rastafarian religion in the test books present. The internet was also used to obtain some of the information. On the 5th of August, an interview was done between the researcher and Mr. Abejah Smith who lives in Runaway Bay, St Ann. He was asked questions that were previously prepared by the researcher .answers received were documented. PICTURE 1 Rastafarian Dreadlocks. PICTURE 2 The Marijuana plant PICTURE 3 The Rastafarian Flag. PICTURE 4 The Conquering lion of Judah. PICTURE showing some the Rastafarian tams PICTURE showing a suit made of the Rastafarian colours. PICTURE showing a woman wearing the dress which is made with the Rastafarian colours. PICTURE showing a Rasta man smoking. RASTA BRACELET RASTA NECLACE LEATAHER RASTA BRACELET COCO EARING RASTA NECLACE WHITE COCONUT BRACELET QUESTIONNAIRE What are your views about God? 1. Are you a real Rasta or a natty dread? 2. If...
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...13 August:the ban on Nestle’s Maggi noodles is set aside. Consipiracy behind it: Nestle India has been destroying evidence, he alleges. It is a serious charge. Why has Nestle been in such a tearing hurry to burn thousands of tonnes of Maggi noodles? Thirty thousand tonnes, to be exact. Worth almost Rs320 crore. Gone. Poof! Up in smoke. All in just a few weeks. Khambata1:is a serious matter, because if we detect lead, which is a serious contaminant, in a few samples, then we are not shutting down their business. These products are valid for nine months; we gave them the opportunity to come back. They could have come back in June and asked us what are we doing, have the fourth part tested. It would have been a week, two weeks, may be even less to get those results and if there was a variance, it would have gone to a referral lab. Why didn’t they do that? On 11 June, Nestle India filed a petition in the Bombay high court challenging the ban imposed on Maggi noodles That came after the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) on 5 June and the Maharashtra FDA on 6 June ordered Nestle to withdraw all nine variants of Maggi instant noodles from the market, terming them unsafe and hazardous for human consumption. In various tests, the regulators found overwhelming evidence that the product contained lead far above the maximum permissible limit of 2.5 parts per million. In the order, FSSAI also asked Nestle to stop the production, processing, import, distribution and...
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...Copyright © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-180360-1 MHID: 0-07-180360-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-180359-5, MHID: 0-07180359-9. E-book conversion by Codemantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Trademarks: McGraw-Hill Education, the McGraw-Hill Education logo, 5 Steps to a 5 and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of McGraw-Hill Education and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property...
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...Marketing Plan ALFREDO FONSECA MM 522: Marketing Management. Professor: Gary Levanti. October 2011 1.0 Executive Summary VJP Trading Corp is starting to consider a new line of business and they have to key products to import, Incense sticks from India. VJP is trying to get the exclusive distribution for the product in USA, and their first start will be in Florida, because it is the home place for business. VJP has an excellent relationship with the distributors and wholesalers in Miami Dade and Broward, in Florida. VJP has the knowledge of the wholesale channel and want to develop with new products for the final customer. The final customer needs quality not too many ashes, burning time to at least 40 minutes per stick, availability at the store and good price to maintain their buying habit. Soft aromas in the other hand Wholesalers and Retailers need availability of the product with good quality with excellent price to be offered to their customers. The Keys to succeed are mainly the price, availability of the product, and to obtained that the final customer recognize the product as a high Quality brand, also the retailer and Wholesalers need to believe in the product. The main thing of the marketing strategy for VJP Trading corp is to focus in two aspects. First the quality of the product “green incense” has a high standard in quality and this is very important for the final customers and the strategy should be concentrated in developed this characteristic of...
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... SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LAB (L5+L6) SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Table of contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3 1.2 Purpose……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4 1.3 Scope………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………..5 1.4 Overview ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….... 7 2. Overall Description 2.1 Process Model……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8 2.2 Work Break-down Structure……………………………………………………………………………………………….9 2.3 Data flow Diagram……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 2.4 Tentative Schedule…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….11 2.5 Use-Case Model ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..12 3. Specific Requirement 3.1 Functional Requirements……………………………………………………………………………………………….....14 3.2 Non-Functional Requirements……………………………………………………………………………………………14 4. Conclusion 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABSTRACT Railways being the cheapest mode of transportation are preferred over all the other means. When we go through the daily newspapers we come across many railway accidents occurring at unmanned railway crossings. This is mainly due to the carelessness in manual operations or lack of workers. We, in this...
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