...Matthew writes this record of the life, ministry and teaching of Jesus, and he places this message soon after Jesus' baptism and calling of the disciples. The Beatitudes are the opening section of the Sermon on the Mount, the longest recorded teaching during Christ's lifetime. We will begin by looking at this section as it lays within the book of Matthew and then go to a more in-depth exegetical study. Literary Context The most popular approach to Matthew's structure is the presentation of five major discourses, each ending with a formula statement that is foreign to other Biblical discourses, placed in a framework of narrative[1] (Talbert 15). In fact, "the five discourses are so clearly marked, from a literary point of view, that it is well-nigh impossible to believe that Matthew did not plan them" (Carson 63). Each of these discourses brings forth a topic of central importance for both the gospel rendition of the historical Jesus and the later experience of the church (Batdorf 26). The narrative section leading to the first discourse, from Matthew 3:1 to 4:25, chronicles not simply the biography of a man preparing for ministry, but the establishment of Messianic history and authority. We come to an understanding of Matthew's first and foremost discourse, the Sermon on the Mount, only on the basis of chapters 1-4 (Batdorf 24). This sermon, which immediately follows the choosing of the twelve, marks the beginning of Jesus' training of His disciples and a change in His method of teaching...
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...Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity: Final Draft Grand Canyon University Spirituality in Healthcare HLT310 Mathew Hampton August 1, 2013 Abstract The medical field brings many different people of many faiths in contact with health care providers. Spiritual care is a crucial aspect of patient care spiritually allows patients to continue to practice their religious beliefs in the hospital setting is important for the overall healing of the patient. This paper will give comparison on the Christianity Faith and Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam faiths and healing methods. Every health care provider needs to be aware and respect the many religious and or spiritual needs a patient may have in order to allow optimum healing. Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity: Final Draft Spirituality is essential to holistic practice as a health care professional (Faulkner, 2012, p. 77). Health care providers in all fields come in contact with multiple faiths and healing techniques. Multiple beliefs require medical personnel to have the basic knowledge of multiple faiths and religious beliefs. It is imperative for patients religious beliefs be respected and or allowed to practice during their hospital stay. Christianity is one of a few mainstream faiths. Other religions such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam are not as well known. This paper will discuss and compare Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam with Christianity’s healing approaches and beliefs as well as the author’s personal...
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...27th, 2015 Right Denied: The Effects Being Ignored Death by lethal injection, death by electrocution, or any form of the death penalty given that people find to be fit for capital crimes is not a human’s right. We as humans do not have the right to end someone’s life based on the fact that they committed a crime. We have to take into accountability the countless amounts of lives that are impacted by this. Even on the international level, there are hundreds of countries who have abolished the death penalty completely. There is more to this than others think, yet they do not take the time to research or study the adverse effects of what this kind of punishment can cause. The death penalty violates the human right to life and causes a ripple effect that destroys the lives of the families of the individuals being executed. Death penalty supporters can be very profound with their opinions on what they believe is an excellent crime deterrent. In an article written for the Journal of Criminal Justice between May and June 2009, one of the authors by the name Shanhe Jiang stated, “Supporters of the death penalty argue that sentencing criminals to death deters others from committing a similar crime in the future.” He states that future crimes could indeed be deterred because of the continued support for the death penalty. In many cases, people see the death penalty as a form to punish those who commit murder, mass murder, rape and any other crime that warrants death. Supporters of this...
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...City of God/Liberating God of Life Critical Analysis Essay: The Decision You Make Determines Your Fate The cinematography was impressive and magnificent. Even though it’s fast paced the story doesn’t lose its meaning. Shocking and uplifting the movie shows the decision of two kids that take them on two different paths. The film shows hope when Rocket makes a decision to become a Photographer to get out of the slums. Lil Ze becomes mesmerized by power to be the boss of the slums, he’s obsessed using violence to gain respect. The actors played their roles well for first time actors. From opening scene the story is stunning and intense. The documentary style and compelling photography is amazing. Acting style are impressive. City of God leaves you feeling sympathy for kids that are in this cycle of violence and wrong decisions and turns. It opens to reality of the true lives of the kids who live in these areas. The opening scene of the film shows what is to come using the camera to tell the story, without dialog, a chicken looks on...
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...January 23, 2002- date of approval and signature of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. • What is the guiding principle in establishing the NSTP? Section 2 of R.A. 9163 affirmed that it is the prime duty of the government to serve and protect its citizens. In turn, it shall be the responsibility of the citizens to defend the security of the state and in fulfillment thereof, the government may require each citizen to render personal, military or civil service. • What are the goals of the State from among the youth in nation building? In recognizing the vital role of the youth in nation building, the state shall promote their civic-consciousness and develop their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and advance their involvement in public and civic affairs. • What should the state do to pursue the afore cited goals? The youth shall be motivated, trained, organized and mobilized in military training, literacy, civic welfare and other similar endeavors in the service of the nation. • What is the National Service Training Program (NSTP) all about? It is a program aimed at enhancing civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth by developing the ethic of service and patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three (3) program components. • What are the three (3) program components of NSTP? 1. Reserve Officers...
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...In Conjunction with History of Ethics Instructor: Robert Cavalier Teaching Professor Robert Cavalier received his BA from New York University and a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Duquesne University. In 1987 he joined the staff at Carnegie Mellon's Center for Design of Educational Computing (CDEC), where he became Executive Director in 1991. While at CDEC, he was also co-principal in the 1989 EDUCOM award winner for Best Humanities Software (published in 1996 by Routledge as A Right to Die? The Dax Cowart Case). He also coauthored the CD-ROM The Issue of Abortion in America (Rountledge, 1998) Dr. Cavalier was Director of CMU's Center for the Advancement of Applied Ethics and Political Philosophy from 2005-2007. He currently directs the Center's Digital Media Lab which houses Project PICOLA (Public Informed Citizen Online Assembly), and is also co-Director of Southwestern Pennsylvania Program for Deliberative Democracy. Co-Editor of Ethics in the History of Western Philosophy (St. Martin's/Macmillan, England, 1990), Editor of The Impact of the Internet on Our Moral Lives (SUNY, 2003) and other works in ethics as well as articles in educational computing, Dr. Cavalier is internationally recognized for his work in education and interactive multimedia. He was President of the "International Association for Computing and Philosophy" (2001 - 2004) and Chair of the APA Committee on Philosophy and Computers (2000-2003). Dr. Cavalier has given numerous addresses and...
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...words which are applied in the Old Testament are reviewed. The production of biblical histories is reviewed. The holy places, actions and forms are reviewed in this essay. This analysis is inclusive of the priestly class and the royal class in giving reverence to the Lord. The theme of this essay will be Old Testament worship and its function in the New Testament Church. The rituals of worship which were conducted in the Judaic temple are explored in addition to the implications of the artistic adornments which are applied toward worshipping the Lord. Hill makes an argument for the association of the forms of worship which were applied in the context of the Old Testament and the New Testament. Hill emphasizes the application of the book of Psalms in the conventional Christian church. Tracy reviews the application of the book of Psalms in conventional Christian worship. In the treatise titled: Biblical Worship is Good for You, Tracy makes an argument for the use of singing, playing of musical instruments, creating music and formulating psalms in the New Testament worship of the Lord. , In the New Testament, the Old Testament prophecies are fulfilled. Jesus Christ is Lord.,,, The perspectives of Hill and Tracy become convergent with regards to the forms of worship which were applied in the Old Testament and the psalms. Hill emphasizes that the forms of worship which were established by the Judaic system of worship in the Old Testament were inculcated into the conventional Christian...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 3 Background Facts 4 Business, Government and Society &/Legal Issues Identified 5 Presentation of Analysis and/or Literature Review 7 Literature Review 7 Judicial Review and Ultra Vires 8 Abuse of Discretion 9 Improper Purposes 9 Unreasonableness 9 Irrelevant/Immaterial Considerations 9 Natural Justice 10 Legitimate Expectation 11 Discussion of Findings 12 Recommendations/Solutions 16 Conclusion 18 Bibliography 19 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Using case law, this research paper will provide a critical analysis on the legal issues raised in the case of David vs. The Empowerment Board of Antigua. Several issues of administrative law were identified in this case, and the researchers have sought to examine their respective implications to David and the Empowerment Board. The findings of this case focus less on the final decision of the Empowerment Board, but concentrates on the prevailing factors involved in the decision. The principles of Substantives Ultra Vires, Natural Justice and Legitimate Expectations form a major part of this study and consequently the researchers have recommended options to be considered by both David and the Empowerment Board. BACKGROUND FACTS Across the globe there is growing pressure by homosexual couples to get their “unions” officially recognized by governments. This would enable them to be legally...
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...ISLAM AND ITS PERSPECTIVE ON KNOWLEDGE AND SOCIAL ORDER Dr Zafar Iqbal An Overview of Islam Islam means tranquillity and peace. This word (22:78; 5:03)[1] comes from the inquiry that lies at the core of the whole edifice of Islam: what kind of life ought one to live to attain bliss (falah) in the here and the hereafter (1:1-6; 7:96)? The answer lies in reflecting on the purpose of life i.e., why are we here? What does it mean to be a human being? Are we the product of a random evolution of atoms and molecules clinging together or part of a bigger plan? How are we measuring up to our evolution or creation? Revelation responds to these questions by taking the position that everything in the universe is part of a meticulous plan being executed by the First Cause - God - who is the Creator of all, each with sustenance and purpose (11:6). He has created humankind[2] not in vain but to serve as His agents / trustees / viceroys on the earth (6:165; 35:39; 57:7). In this capacity, they are required to manage the resources of the earth such that all benefit equitably[3] and the original balance in creation is maintained (55:7-9). To this end, they are bound by a covenant with God (7:172; 20:115) and every action that they undertake with the intention of fulfilling that covenant constitutes an act of worship (51:56-7). Thus the temporal and spiritual are inextricably linked from an Islamic perspective. There are several other unique features of this God-human relationship...
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...4 March: City of God – Utopian Reader – include a little bit on it – 22 volumes in all. Christianity – Augustine – classicly trained greek scholar. City in north Africa. Story like apostle Paul – orginially a person who persecuted Christians – north African wealth family from – found enlightenment in Christianity. Once he joined became one of the early scholars trained in greek – regulized Christian theology. Influence on western world – top four or five who influenced. Confessions and City of God his writings…look up! What’s the purpose of improving human society – complex – why do it? Can human society be made better? Why bother, what is the point, justification? Takes effort, misery involved, change, unknowns, takes energy, takes risks. HAPPINESS – justification for improving society. What do you have to have to be happy? What is happiness – PHI 101 – happiness according to whom? Lack of misery; literally the elimination of misery. Secondly, food – gives pleasure – Happiness is lack of human misery and maximizing /pleasure and happiness. Bliss 24/7 – hedonism Epicureanism – eliminating misery and maximizing happiness. The justification of utopianism = why did plato want the republic? Justisifcation for improving human society among the Greeks? Poor always poor, always unhappy, death claims everyone - it is rational to maximize pleasure and eliminate misery. Do eternally accouding to plato. Opinions – 1. Relativism is a retreat in the 20th century. Can’t...
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...of six words in the King James Version of the Bible. The six words which will be reviewed are: glorify, serve, honor, humble, exalt and delight. In order to properly address these six words, the principles which are discussed by Hill and Tracy (2003) will be explored. Introduction In the early 1990’s, Andrew E. Hill published his treatise which is titled: Enter His Courts with Praise: Old Testament Worship for New Testament Church. Hill dedicates the content of this treatise to one component or another of worshipping the Lord in the context of the Old Testament. The vocabulary words which are applied in the Old Testament are reviewed. The production of biblical histories is reviewed. The holy places, actions and forms are reviewed in this essay. This analysis is inclusive of the priestly class and the royal class in giving reverence to the Lord. The theme of this essay will be Old Testament worship and its function in the New Testament Church. The rituals of...
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...of today, such an ideological hope tends to play the role of the ignorant fool, who disregards the complexity of our society. We are in need of a system that opens its eyes, stops hiding behind a “veil of ignorance” (Sandel, 1998:24) and adopts a more flexible approach. The Bouchard – Taylor Commission demonstrates exactly this notion. This essay will argue in favour of one of the major claims made by Gerard Bouchard & Charles Taylor, that reasonable accommodation, in essence a more substantive equality perspective is a necessary, if not mandatory approach that a multicultural society is in dire need of adopting, clarifying and deeply enforcing. I will discuss the logic and rational that underpins harmonization measures by exploring how social norms & ideologies have played an especially important role is systemic discrimination, then, how Canadian Law and legal institutions have played a role in constructing and maintaining racial stereotypes, and then, how the media plays an especially vital role in further denouncing minority groups. I will then provide some recommendations as to how to go about improving our situations with minority groups. In advance, it is vital to completely grasp what is meant by reasonable accommodation. The idea originated in Canadian employment law as a response for employees' requests of leave for holidays, as long as the request did not cause the employer undo-hardship. Lori G. Beaman indicates the intention of...
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...Douglas S. Coppin The Effects of Capital Punishments NIC / Executive Leadership June 2013 Evidence-Based Practice in the Criminal Justice System The phrase “because we have always done it that way” universally is no longer acceptable as it pertains to working in many sectors of the work-force, especially within the criminal justice system. Constant financial pressure to streamline budgets, coupled with ever-changing political climates have forced criminal justice organizations to embrace evidence-based concepts and practices. Evidence-based practice is defined as the use of practices that have been scientifically tested and proven effective. In simple terms, doing what works. This has led to drastic changes in various sectors from police operations, probation, sentencing, etc. When examining capital punishment the first question that must be asked is why do we do it? Is it simply a universal response to an atrocious act committed by an offender? If so, then there is no need to look any further. However, thousands of capital offense convictions are handed down annually in the U.S., yet most do not result in death penalty sentences. Therefore the only logical conclusion is that there is much more complexities in play once the state hands down capital punishment. Possible Effects of Capital Punishments at a Glance By and large, capital punishment in the United States is handed down to those offenders that are found guilty of homicide. Although not limited...
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...Secularism is the ideology that argues for the historical inevitability and progressive nature of secularization everywhere and 3) Secularity is the resultant state of society. The term "secularism" was first used by the British writer Holyoake in 1851 to describe his views of promoting a social order separate from religion. The English word ‘secular’ comes from the Latin ‘saeculum’, which means ‘an age’ or ‘the spirit of an age’ and has the same meaning as the Greek ‘aeon’. In general terms, secularism means “belonging to this age, or worldly” along with a denial of other worldly realities (i.e. religious). The Bible introduces the idea of divine creation in the book of Genesis. God speaks directly to Man in Genesis: “Be fertile and increase, fill the earth and master it”. As Peter Berger, a social theorist notes that in this the idea of a secular world is sown as a God who stands outside of the Cosmos which is his creation. This opens the way for self making activity which Berger calls ‘historization’. Caesar was the emperor of Rome. In a famous passage Jesus said, "Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's". Some have thought that Jesus' statement established two separate realms, Caesar's and God's, and that people should render to each what they ask for in their respective realms. Later, during the rule of Roman Emperor Constantine 1 the two worlds were sought to be brought together. Christianity became a dominant religion...
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...DEFINATION OF TERMS: Sociology; Sociology is the scientific study of human social behavior and human association and results of social activities. Sociologists are concerned with; • the study of social behavior • relationship among social groups and societies • the maintenance of stability and order PURPOSE OF SOCIOLOGY Sociologists develop knowledge on people and on their behaviors and activities in order to better understand societal interactions. Sociologists study the social systems (family, school, church, economy, political, etc) in which individuals fill their roles, people in relation to others. IS SOCIOLOGY A SCIENCE? Sociology is a science, but it is considered a "soft" science, along with psychology. A soft science is anything that is based more on the judgment of the professional than actual facts. Hard sciences are things like nuclear physics and maths. Elements of scientific study of society. • The use of theories in explaining Social phenomenon and human behavior • Conducting of social researches which involves systematic/scientific methods • Analyzing of societal issues using scientific approaches Furthermore using the positivist approach adopted by Marx and Engels enables the establishment of laws of human behavior in the same way natural scientists have established laws of the natural world. Their approach to dialectics was a development of the philosophical theory of Hegel, (1877). ...
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