...In Living For The City: Migration, Education, and the Rise of the Black Panther Party in Oakland, California, Donna Jean Murch conducted an intensive study of factors influencing the formation of the Black Panther Party (BPP). Murch challenged the prevailing notion of the BPP as representative of the "northern" response to the Civil Rights Movement, and the common narrative that southern African Americans faced less oppression and racism after relocating to the north or west regions of the United States. The BPP arose amid a generation of Oakland's African Americans coming of age "between the lynching of Emmitt Till and the assassination of Malcolm X." influenced by southern African American culture in tandem with their reactions to "new" experiences with racism, deindustrialization, disillusionment, and educational opportunity. Even further understanding of the significance of the BPP's role in history rested in that the "most disenfranchised sectors of the African American community-the young, poor, and migrant-challenged the legitimacy of the authorities and the established black leadership."...
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...D. Analysis From the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement, the black movement was undoubtedly the United State government’s priority. The methods used by COINTELPRO made to create issues affecting multiple parts of the entire black movement, were tactics that would have very large effects on the future of the Black Panther Party. The Black Panther Party was targeted more because of its success. One of the BPP’s major accomplishments was the union between the BPP and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) that Seale and Eldridge Cleaver were able to make happen. As a result of this merger, many more powerful black activist such as Stokely Carmichael, and James Foreman were brought on board of the BPP association, something the FBI was trying to avoid. Once the FBI learned of this union, they immediately began a COINTELPRO plan to “foster a split...
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...The Black Panthers vs. The Black Panthers The sixties was a time in American society where the youth from the post-war baby boom era became teenagers and the young adults. The movement from the conservative fifties continued and eventually resulted in the revolutionary ways of thinking and change in the cultural of the American way of life. With an extreme admiration of no longer being an image of their predeceasing generation, young Americans wanted and demanded change. These changes affected education, values, laws, entertainment, and the way of life for several citizens around the country. As society, it is extremely important to understand that although the valiant efforts and impact that African American’s had, particularly in the 1950’s and 1960’s, in helping restructure American culture, many of the racist views of the past still play apart in American society. The 1950’s is often described as the calm before the storm of the 1960’s. During this time period, society was very much conformed to the views of conservative living. The desire for security during this era, reinforced by McCarthyism at home and the Korean War, created was known as the cold war culture. During the post WWII period in America, the face of the nation changed greatly under President Truman and Eisenhower. Because of extreme paranoia caused by Communism following WWII, conformity in the United States became an ideal way to distinguish American culture from the rest of the world. Conformity...
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...their ancestors entered the US as slaves. African Americans were brought to North America via the middle passage which originated during the fifteenth century. They were enslaved for approximately 400 hundred years until the end of the Civil War in 1865. Although African Americans were enslaved in America, they were determine to survive and one day be freed in this great country. During The African American’s journey to freedom several significant events took place which was inclusive of but not limited to: The Civil Rights Movement of 1865-1877, Separate but Equal Legislation (Plessy vs. Ferguson court case) in 1896, The Harlem Renaissance of 1920, Brown vs. Board of Education in 1954, The March on Washington Movement of 1963, and The Black Power Movement of the late 1960s and 1970. I will discuss the significance of these events in relation to the African American journey to freedom and how they have help shape American society today. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT OF 1865-1877 Frequently when one hears of the Civil Rights Movement we automatically think of the Civil Rights events that had taken place in the 1950-1970s. However, the Civil Rights Movement actually began in the 1860-1870s immediately following the Conclusion of the Civil War. After hundreds of years of enslavement of African Americans, the Civil War was fought with the intent to abolish slavery. The winning of the...
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...Black Feminism Michelle Smith African American History Winter Quarter 2010 Purdue University Instructor: Professor Wilkens Introduction When the Black Feminist movement was developed, it was a revolution for black women. It gave them power, liberation, and a voice to overcome the emasculating efforts of white male power (Harrold, Hine, and Hine, 2009). When I first began this research, I discovered that Black Feminism is too broad of a topic to elaborate on as a whole. This paper defines the term “Black Feminism. It will explore two published articles that report on the theory and practice of how black feminism is making waves and what role of education in the development of the Black Feminist Thought from 1860 to 1920. This paper will examine when the National Black Feminist Organization was founded and lastly, how two outstanding women who made an impact in the Black Feminist Movement. According to Encyclo (n.d.) online encyclopedia the definition of black feminism is “A strand of feminist thought which highlights the multiple disadvantages of gender, class and race that shape the experiences of nonwhite women. Black feminists reject the idea of a single unified gender oppression that is experienced evenly by all women, and argue that early feminist analysis reflected the specific concerns of white, middle-class women.” In other words, black feminist argue that the liberation of black women entails freedom for all people since it would require the end of...
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...going to be groups or even individuals that will have their own beliefs and may even try to push those beliefs onto others. So because of this domestic terrorism is going to be around for a long time. Looking through history I have found a few domestic groups that weren’t mentioned in part ones essay but I feel should be addressed. Ku Klux Klan can never be ignored as one of the most prominent of all domestic terrorist groups in the United States. Another one is Phineas Priesthood, and lastly a group Americans must focus on is Black Liberation Army. These are the three that I think should really be focused on, for they seem to be mentioned by the F.B.I. in a lot of Domestic Terrorism articles. Ku Klux Klan (KKK), just the name sounds of something bad is about to happen. The Klan has been causing havoc since 1865. Is definitely one of the oldest and most infamous for violence than any other domestic group on American. Most believe that blacks are the main subject of the Klan, but that isn’t necessary true anymore. They tend to focus on attacking Jews, immigrants, gays, and lesbians. Immigrants is their main issue now (Klu klux klan, 2013). The Klan is considered a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center and Anti-Deamination League. The first Klu Klux Klan was established in the Southern States and many members would weir robes , mask, and conical hats. Hats shaped like cones. Most Klans are recognized by burning crosses and associated with opposing against...
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...this film The Butler which was released on August 16, 2013 and directed by Lee Daniels who also took part and helping with the production of the film along with Buddy Patrick, Cassian Elwes, Pamela Oas Williams and Larua Ziskin who died while making the film in 2011. This film was also written by Danny Strong. The actors who played in this movie and their roles are as followed. (Forest Whitaker) as Cecil Gains a African American man who ends up becoming one of the best servers in the white house. (Aml Ameen) who plays Cecil when he was younger. (Oprah Winfrey) as Gloria Gains Cecil’s wife. (David Oyelowo) as Louis Gains Cecil’s and Gloria’s oldest son who is all about the civil rights of blacks and participates in a lot of speeches about the rights of blacks. (Elijah Kelley) as Charlie Gains Cecil’s and Gloria’s youngest son. (David Banner) as Earl Gains Cecil’s father who was killed by plantation owner Thomas Westfall. Who killed Earl after he protested that he had raped his wife, played by (Alex Pettyfer). (Mariah Carey) as Hattie Pearl Cecil’s mother. (Terrence Howard) as Howard the Gaines’s neighbor who is trying to pursue Gloria. (Adriane Lenox) as Gina (Yaya DaCosta) as Carol Hammier, Louis girlfriend. (Vanessa Redgrave) as Annabeth Westfall who makes Cecil a house servant after his father was killed. (Clarence Williams 111) as Maynard who introduces Cecil to the profession. (Cuba Gooding Jr.) as Carter Wilson the fastest talking butler in...
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...Apple public relation plan Message Statement Apple public relations plan Chuey, Jaime, Char, Ellen Executive Summary This public relation plan is to inform and influence the public about the new iPhone 6 with using the features of the new phone as a starting point. The primary customers are known as the current and loyal customers. Apple’s employees and management are the face of the company to the public so the training will be key to keeping the key keeping the plan moving ahead. The main objective of this plan is assist in the public to take action in buying, informing others, and overall to get to know the new iPhone 6. The strategy is to always keep the right information of the new iPhone 6 going out to the public, by keeping the information positive, upbeat, and truthful. The actions and feelings we intend see doing and after the plan is excitement and eagerness to obtain the new iPhone 6. Communication Process Identifying Publics Customers The primary customers for Apple are current Apple customers, techies, business professional, iOS software users, brand awareness customers, Apple culture customers, satisfied customers, and high performance tech customers. The secondary customers are anyone in the market for a new phone, wants a company that is loyalty to customers, and customers that want a product with quality. Producers and Partnerships Apple has 156 companies that produce their products for their customers, with many of them being located outside the...
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...racism and the implications that came along with being black. Her high school and college years were filled with many accomplishments. In high school Davis got the opportunity to study at Elizabeth Irwin High School in New York City where she gained an interest in both socialist and communist philosophies. Davis's scholastic achievements earned her a scholarship to Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts. After graduating she became joined the Black Panthers, the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and Ron Karenga's US-Organization. In 1968 she became a member of the Communist Party. (Encyclopedia of World Biography) Angela Davis life took a tragic turn for the worse when she became a public figure for being on the Federal Bureau of Investigation "most wanted Oats 2 criminals" list. On August 7, 1970 Davis was tied to a murder of four individuals who had been gunned down in a Marin County Hall of Justice Courtroom. The guns used in the crime were registered in Davis’s name. According to Davis became only the third woman in history to appear on the FBI's “Top Ten Most Wanted List”. Davis went into hiding for two months but then was arrested and charged with aggravated kidnapping and first-degree murder. After spending sixteen months in jail, Davis went to trial and was acquitted of all charges. In an attempt to get her life back together while still doing what she loved, Davis taught black philosophy and women's...
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...The Ballot or the Bullet Analysis Jasmine Grant Jackson State University By Any Means Necessary! (Malcolm X) Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska on May 19, 1925. His father, Earl Little, was an outspoken Baptist minister and avid supporter of Black Nationalist leader Marcus Garvey. Earl’s civil rights activism prompted death threats from the white supremacist organization Black Legion and the KKK, forcing the family to relocate twice before Malcolm’s fourth birthday. Regardless of the Little’s efforts to get away from the Legion, in 1929, their Michigan home was burned to the ground. Two years later, Earl’s body was found lying across the town’s trolley tracks. Police ruled both incidents as accidents. Malcolm’s mother, .Louise suffered emotional breakdown several years after the death of her husband and was committed to a mental institution, while her children were split up among various foster homes and orphanages. In Malcolm’s late teens he began to drift into the life of petty crime and was convicted on burglary charges. He was to serve 10 years of prison but was granted parole after seven. During his sentence he was converted to the Nation of Islam under the “Great” Elijah Muhammad. He became very active in the Nation and his great talents as a leader moved him to the number two spot in the Muslim organization. In 1964, he withdrew from the Nation upon the knowledge of Muhammad’s...
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...Death penalty in America Death penalty debate has been a daily talk for quite some time now. This has been a very controversial that has engaged many organizations and countries in the debate. Some oppose this form of punishment based on moral and judicial grounds. These grounds include wrongful conviction base on DNA tests. Other grounds include wrongful conviction based on race. Those supporting death penalty argue that death penalty creates a feeling of safety since it instills fear in potential criminals. They also hold that those convicted despite their race actually did the crime they are convicted for. Some countries like Canada and New Zealand do not believe in the administration of death penalty as a means of punishment. Therefore, until today there is no agreed provision used by the judiciary to reach at a decision of such cases. United States, China and Japan among other countries believe that death penalty is a favorable sentence. United States has authorized death penalty in most federal governments, including the military. Some of the methods used in death penalty include the electric chair. Most of these procedures used in death penalty have been considered to be violating constitutional rights. Though fewer legislatures have been made to change these procedures, death penalty should be abolished. This is the position that is appropriate and offer should be supported. It is a racist tool of criminal punishment. Evidences explaining the reasons against this...
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...FALL 15 FALL 15 Martin Luther King, Jr.: Charismatic Leadership in a Mass Struggle Dr. Mark Allen Organizational Behavior/Leadership (MBA-552) Harkaran Singh Hara & Aras Azarbay Martin Luther King, Jr.: Charismatic Leadership in a Mass Struggle Dr. Mark Allen Organizational Behavior/Leadership (MBA-552) Harkaran Singh Hara & Aras Azarbay 08 Fall 08 Fall Abstract The paper examines the myths associated with the life and leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr. during the African-American Civil Rights movements of 1950s and 1960s and scrutinizes King’s depiction by the mass media as the sole significant leader of the struggle. It also examines the charismatic label associated with King’s name, his exceptional oratory skills and also his weaknesses as leader. The paper further discusses the contributions of King towards the civil rights struggle and also suggests us not to forget the contributions of leaders to the movement and the social factors which led to King’s rise. It also suggests some lessons we can learn from King’s life and relates his beliefs and methods to various scholarly works. Finally, it reflects upon the role of charismatic leadership and how it relates with transformational leadership styles in today’s business environment. About the Author This article which was originally published in the Journal of American History, 1987 is written by Dr. Clayborne Carson, who is a professor of American History at the...
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...Biographical Films Jenna Nelson December 12, 2014 JASS 248 Professor Erik Marshall Analysis Essay-The Five Heartbeats; The Film Genre of Biopics The Five Heartbeats (1991), directed by Robert Townsend, is a movie that I know all too well. This film effectively portrays the highs and the lows of the music industry and how it affects the members of a group. In this essay, I will analyze the cinematography, mis-en-scéne and the importance of music in films such as this one. I will also expound upon the genre of biographical films and how they contribute to society. Biographical films, or “biopics” represents the life history of an actual person or group. Unlike documentary film, biopics employ actors to play the roles of these individuals: they are dramatized, fictional films. Biopics are often marketed as being “inspired by” or “based on” the lives of famous people including entertainers, royalty, scientists and even criminals. Dennis Bingham conducted a study on biographical films and discusses and history of the biography. He also looks at the various forms of the biopic, including theatrical releases, made-for-television movies and short films. Bingham argues that biopics of women are structured so differently from male biopics as to constitute their own genre. The conventions of the female biopic have proven much more intractable than the male biopic. This is due to society’s difficulty with the very issue of women in the public sphere. The difficulty kept...
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...Ms. Latasha Keith HUMN401-1305B-01: Literature and Film Professor Bonnie Ronson January 19, 2014 Unit 2 Individual Project – Canonical Classics of Literature Section 1- Introduction Ken Kesey’s novel “One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest” is set at an Oregon asylum in the 1950s (NovelGuide.com). The book is a study in the institutional process of the human mind, a critique of Behaviorism and a celebration of humanistic principles while exploring themes of individuality and rebellion against socially imposed repression (NovelGuide.com; SparkNotes.com; CliffsNotes.com). These themes and ideas were the topic of discussion during the publication of this novel because the world was introduced to communism and totalitarian regimes. The novel was published in 1962 and received with immediate success (SparkNotes.com). Section 2 – Biographical Information La Junta, Colorado is the birthplace of novelist Ken Kesey. He was born in 1935 and grew up on a small farm in Oregon and Colorado with his family. He married his high school sweetheart in 1956 and they had three children together (Lone Star College). He received his bachelor’s degree from the University of Oregon where he participated in wrestling and theater in 1957 (Lone Star College; SparkNotes.com). In 1959, Kesey enrolled in a creative writing program at Stanford University, the same year where he began volunteering with the Stanford Psychology Department (CliffsNotes.com; Lone Star College). The Stanford Psychology...
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...Action for America's Black Youth By Carl L. Young An Alternative Plan Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Sociology: Corrections Minnesota State University, Mankato Mankato, Minnesota Spring 2013 Final Draft 4/20/2013 1 This Alternative Plan Paper has been examined and approved by the following members of the Examining Committee. _____________________ Dr. Leah Rogne, Advisor _____________________ Dr. William Wagner _____________________ Dr. Penny Jo Rosenthal _____________________ Dr. Nadarajan Sethuraju ________________ Date 2 Abstract This alternative plan paper examines the circumstances that have evolved as a result of the Reagan Administration’s War on Drugs and the increase of mass incarceration of the Black community. In the last thirty years, the federal government of the United States of America has engaged in campaign known as the “War on Drugs,” which has involved a variety of policies to stop the production, distribution and sale of illegal narcotics. Hundreds of billions of dollars have been spent in a war that has targeted the most vulnerable in our society, impacting its youth for generations to come. This alternative plan paper addresses the impact of the War on Drugs and the criminal justice policies that have impacted the life chances of Black youth nationwide and calls for a new social movement, introducing a 21st century Black Youth Manifesto to ask the youth of the Black community to pick up...
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