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Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma Part 1

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Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma Part 1
Grand Canyon University April 26, 2013 Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma Part 1
Voluntary and assisted euthanasia have been and will continue to be one of the most controversial ethical debates in the medical field. Euthanasia stems from the Greek language: eu meaning good and thanatos meaning death. The practice of voluntary euthanasia is when the patient requests to die but someone else has to perform the act, for example removing the patient from all life-sustaining equipment or giving a lethal injection. Where as the definition of assisted suicide is a physician prescribes a lethal dose of medication and the patient on his or her own will have to perform the act of consuming the medication to cause death. There are many ethical implications that arise from either option. “In the balance are crucial issues: personal autonomy, dignity, compassion, ending suffering, protection of the vulnerable, promotion of good palliative care, and redefinition of the role of the physician in death and dying” (Van Norman, (2012). It is imperative for nurses to be conscious of their obligations professionally, educated on the laws surrounding the issue, who the stakeholders involved are, the impact on social values/morals, and the ethical theories and principals involved.
Nursing Obligation
According to the American Nurses Association nurses are never allowed to have any part in euthanasia, such actions would be a direct violation of the Nursing Code of Ethics. “Nurses have an obligation to provide humane, comprehensive, and compassionate care that respects the rights of patients but upholds the standards of the profession in the presence of chronic, debilitating illness and at end-of-life” (ANA Position Statement, 2013). The nurse must educate patient and family members, and always advocate the patient’s wishes when end of life decisions are made.

Laws

Stakeholders in this scenario

Impact on social values, morals, norms and nursing practice
Social values, morals and norms are traits that stand against the participation of euthanasia also known as assisted suicide. However there are legal provisions that allow the act of euthanasia. In the case scenarios involving patients Dax Cowart and Terry Schiavo in which their families and health providers were faced with a dilemma that consisted of different emotional feelings and opinions. The case pertaining to patient Terry Schiavo morals, norms and values were divided after the prolonged series of legal challenges presented by her husband Michael Schiavo, state and federal legislative interventions. After seven years Terry’s feeding tube was removed in which lead to her death. In accordance to Terry’s husband Michael, Terry would have never approved of having to live in a vegetative state. He felt as her wishes and values needed to be fulfilled. Many fear that care facilities such as hospices and palliative care units will contribute or participate more often to such acts of voluntary/assisted euthanasia and which could possibly jeopardize the process of medical studies and the effort of finding a cure for such diseases (The Life Resource Charitable Trust, 2011). Social values, morals and norms can indeed have a great influence in nursing practice when dealing with voluntary/assisted euthanasia. Many believe that by legalizing euthanasia it could potentially lead to the ruin of society’s foundation values in the human life. Some describe euthanasia as not being the intent to cause a person’s death, but to honor the individual’s right to have life-prolonging interventions withheld (Purtilo & Doherty, 2011). Nurses are restricted by law to participate in patient euthanasia, a nurse that participates in euthanasia or assisted suicide runs the risk of facing legal prosecution. The pledge of Nightingale illustrates the foundation of morals and values within the nursing profession. Euthanasia within the profession of nursing violates those morals and values. The American Nurses Association strongly disagrees for a nurse to participate in euthanasia due to the indirect violation to the code of nursing.
Ethical theory and Principle

Conclusion

References
ANA Position Statement (04/24/13) Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide, and Aid in Dying. (2013, April 24). Retrieved April 23, 2015, from http://www.nursingworld.org/euthanasiaanddying
Purtilo, R.B., & Doherty, R.F. (2011). Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions (5th ed.). W.B. Saunders Company.
The Life Resources Charitable Trust. (2011). the Impact of Euthanasia on Society. Retrieved from http://www.life.org.nz/euthanasia/euthanasiakeyissues/impact-on-society/ Washington State Department of Health (WSDH), [n.d]. Death with Dignity Act. Retrieved on June 26, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.doh.wa.gov/YouandYourFamily/IllnessandDisease/DeathwithDignityAct.asp
Van Norman, G. (2012). The Ethics of Ending Life: Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide, Part 1. Retrieved April 23, 2015. from http://www.csahq.org/pdf/bulletin/end_of_life_61_1.pdf

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