...What does Heather have to do tocapitalize on opportunity? Produce designs consumers want Line up retailers and advertising support Get items produced and delivered on time What are advantages of opportunity? Little capital needed Good market niche: Unserved,fragmented, and growing What are key factors forsuccess? Design sense Ability to sell retailer design General management Ability to manage cash, production,delivery, and quality What is the upside? Lots of expansion potential in“niche” Costs of operations mostly fixed Don’t need to control --Production--Cutting, Sewing, Shipping,infrastructure built up in industry toallow people to do just what she isdoing. Low working capital need Possible risks include: •Will her designs sell?•Successful designs will be “knocked-off.”•Heather’s ability to design for 5seasons, 20-30 designs per season What could Heather do toreduce the design risk? Hire a proven designer. Do some market research. Capitalizes on momentum --Gets key points out inexecutive summary: Incorporated Have a line Hired and paid people Have factor Have building Have production capability Leaves no doubt ininvestor’s mind that this isgoing to happen. Only issueis will it be with my money? Lays out uniquequalifications of Heather andconcept: Financial statements poorlypresented: Only 2 years Not well organized This reads like a preliminarydocument -- much more work isneeded. Arden & Company Don’t put any...
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...that they were not willing to share with people on the outside of the organization and to some extent people on the inside as well. For example, Diamond Foods was moving grower payments into different periods, so the growers did not even know what they are being paid for. Also investors and the public always believed that the company way reaching its growth targets, managers were actually engaging in income manipulation. This embodies the idea of moral hazard, where the investor cannot determine whether a manager is shirking their role or acting with the investors' best interests in mind. Investors rely on financial information to tell them what is going on internally, and make decisions based on the good news or bad news presented by these statements, and other sources to information from the company. As demonstrated, an investor cannot learn everything there is to know about a company from the financials; as a result, investors will assess the firm with an amount of estimation risk, lowering the price they will pay for the stock. Diamond Foods' admission of incorrect accounting will mislead speculation of stock and the performance of the whole firm. The lack of reliable information provided to investors and the public over the last three years led to their failure to make accurate forecasts, and ultimately lower the price of the stock. Management information is a useful way to prevent these problems if Diamond Foods decides to disclose information. If Diamond Foods provides...
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...Introduction Situation Details: • Tyrone grosses approx $36,000 per year; Joan makes approx $30,000. • • John and Joan drafted wills when their kids were young. They have not been updated since. • After taking a comprehensive risk tolerance questionnaire it was determined that John was an aggressive investor and Joan, a conservative investor. • The Smith’s spend approximately $5,000 a month on utilities, entertainment, food, and other regular living expenses. • Of all investable assets, the overall fixed income to equity ratio is 33% fixed income and 67% equities (33/67). • John’s Social Security statement shows him receiving $1,600 month at age 66; Joan’s shows $900 at age 66. Why develop a plan? By developing a financial plan, Me and my family: • Will have a better understanding of your current financial situation. • Determine attainable retirement, education, insurance, and other financial goals. • Review goals, funding strategies, and alternatives where goals have to be compromised. • Have the necessary financial resources set aside to fund your goals as they occur. • Reduce the effect of unexpected events, such as disability, premature death, etc. Planning is a life-long journey. For the planning process to successfully work, changing circumstances or life stage requirements must be factored in. When working with a financial advisor, he/she will want to know when personal or financial events occur to clarify whether your goals are affected and...
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...one looks at the long history of the markets with the repeating boom and bust patterns the world has witnessed, one has to ask why this happens. Many brilliant minds have been doing research into what motivates or de-motivates an investor when it comes to making a purchasing decision. Over time one thing has become clear, full disclosure of any significant enough financial facts that may influence the judgment of an informed reader must be made known to the public. The reason stems from the fact that in order for all markets to operate efficiently, its participants must be able to do the same and that is only possible if companies fully disclose any material events that might affect an informed reader’s decision to buy or sell a stock or other investment. The caveat here is what is material? In some cases, the disclosure of certain items would give away trade secrets or other competitive advantages, thus hindering a company’s future growth, profits, and cash flows. At the other end of the spectrum, if a company fails to report a significant event such as a pending lawsuit and the company has a judgment entered against them that drastically affects stockholders equity, then that needs to be disclosed. In this case, it is easy to see that any investor that purchased stock without knowledge of the lawsuit and then the...
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...Assignment on Financial Market and Institution Survey on Investor’s behavior |Name |ID | |MD. ABDULLAH-AL-BAKI |BBA- 029090249 | |MD. ZUBAIR ISLAM |BBA- 03211209 | | | | Section : BBA 41 (D) Date : 03.04.2012 FINANCIAL MARKET AND INSTITUTION Survey questionnaire: 1. Name of respondent : 2. Invest range : |Tk. 5 lakh < |Tk. 5-10 lakh |Tk. 11-15 lakh |Tk. 15-20 lakh |Tk. 20 lakh | | | | | | | 3. Age range: |25y-30y |31 y – 35 y |36y – 40 y |41y – 45y |46 and above | | | | | | | 4. Education level: |School |College |Graduation |Post Graduation |Above Post. Grad | | ...
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...that shares with in-built options issued/transferred to non-residents or shares supported by options issued/transferred to non-residents will not be recognized as FDI and such instruments would have to comply with the ECB guidelines.” “In other words, equity shares, fully and compulsory convertible preference shares, fully and compulsory convertible with no in-built options issued to non-residents will be eligible as foreign direct investment.” The revised guidelines, which have now been formally included in the regulatory framework, had earlier been adopted by the Reserve Bank of India which treated instruments with ‘put options’ as ECB. “It is bound to curtail investments in certain sectors and by specific types of investors (e.g. financial investors such as private equity funds) who tend to rely upon put options in securities as an essential component of the transaction structure.” Further, the new FDI policy does not clarify on the retrospective implication for put and...
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...Just as the convergence of IFRS will benefit investors by allowing them to more easily compare financials from global markets, it will also benefit accounting and finance professionals in the same way. I believe the convergence will prove to be a valuable asset for professionals, as it increases transparency and comparability, it will also allow CPAs and analysts to provide more insightful information to their clients or companies. The convergence will also enable professionals to market their IFRS knowledge and generate more leads or employment opportunities than ever before. Post convergence issues and challenges will leave business in both the U.S. and foreign companies needing well-equipped CPAs and analysts to assist in facilitating the great change. U.S. professionals will not only be able to generate more native business, but will also be able to access cross-border opportunities. George, Ferguson, & Spear (2013) predict that audit fees alone will increase approximately 23% in the first year of IFRS adoption. While this is a significant boost in fees for U.S. companies, it will also boost employment opportunities and revenue in the accounting and finance sector. It is extremely important for professionals to begin familiarizing their selves with IFRS, not only to enable themselves to meet the needs of their clients after the convergence, but also to consult companies on the most efficient and effective strategies to facilitate the change. It is an optimal...
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...expanding. • Good opportunity because they have a good relationship with the Icedelights owner. • There were not many gelato shops in Florida which made for a very weak competitive market there. • This is a good opportunity because they are able to attempt a career that they all want. 3.) What are the key risk elements? • Risk of having no past experience in the food retail industry. • Risk of Icedelight backing out on supplying the gelato product. • Risk of not knowing Florida real estate. • Risk of Florida not being a suitable spot for the company. • Risk of being able to work productively together because of their different opinions. • Risk of not having enough financial security. • Risk of not having enough financial investors. • Risk of obtaining money but not having enough equity. • Risk of debt and fixed interest payments would restrict their growth and increase riskiness of the venture. • Risk of not being able to handle the responsibilities due to their inexperience. 4.) Did they put together a good management team? • They all had previous experience dealing with administration and finance; however, they had no previous...
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...September 2011 (updated January 2012) Effect analysis IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements and IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities In The IASB’s approach to effect analysis Before we issue new requirements, or make amendments to existing IFRSs, we consider the costs and benefits of what we are proposing. This includes an assessment of both the costs incurred by preparers of financial statements and the costs incurred by users of financial statements when information is not available. We also consider the comparative advantage that preparers have in developing information that users would otherwise have to develop themselves. What is the measurement bar for our assessment? We expect our standards to have economic effects, and we understand that those effects may be beneficial for some entities and detrimental to others. For example, a change in financial reporting requirements might affect the cost of capital for individual entities by changing the absolute or relative level of information asymmetry associated with those entities. We assess these associated costs and benefits by reference to the overall objective of financial reporting. We try to understand how the changes will contribute towards the development of a single set of high quality global accounting standards by improving the allocation of capital. We therefore also consider the benefit of better economic decision-making as a result of improved financial reporting. The boundaries of our assessment ...
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...That's the type the startups we fund are doing on Demo Day, and this essay is the advice we give them. Forces Fundraising is hard in both senses: hard like lifting a heavy weight, and hard like solving a puzzle. It's hard like lifting a weight because it's intrinsically hard to convince people to part with large sums of money. That problem is irreducible; it should be hard. But much of the other kind of difficulty can be eliminated. Fundraising only seems a puzzle because it's an alien world to most founders, and I hope to fix that by supplying a map through it. To founders, the behavior of investors is often opaque—partly because their motivations are obscure, but partly because they deliberately mislead you. And the misleading ways of investors combine horribly with the wishful thinking of inexperienced founders. At YC we're always warning founders about this danger, and investors are probably more circumspect with YC startups than with other companies they talk to, and even so we witness a constant series of...
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...1/ tan(theta) = b / a | sin(-x) = -sin(x) csc(-x) = -csc(x) cos(-x) = cos(x) sec(-x) = sec(x) tan(-x) = -tan(x) cot(-x) = -cot(x) sin2(x) + cos2(x) = 1 | tan2(x) + 1 = sec2(x) | cot2(x) + 1 = csc2(x) | sin(x y) = sin x cos y cos x sin y | | cos(x y) = cos x cosy sin x sin y | | tan(x y) = (tan x tan y) / (1 tan x tan y) sin(2x) = 2 sin x cos x cos(2x) = cos2(x) - sin2(x) = 2 cos2(x) - 1 = 1 - 2 sin2(x) tan(2x) = 2 tan(x) / (1 - tan2(x)) sin2(x) = 1/2 - 1/2 cos(2x) cos2(x) = 1/2 + 1/2 cos(2x) sin x - sin y = 2 sin( (x - y)/2 ) cos( (x + y)/2 ) cos x - cos y = -2 sin( (x-y)/2 ) sin( (x + y)/2 ) Trig Table of Common Angles | angle | 0 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 90 | sin2(a) | 0/4 | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 | cos2(a) | 4/4 | 3/4 | 2/4 | 1/4 | 0/4 | tan2(a) | 0/4 | 1/3 | 2/2 | 3/1 | 4/0 | Given Triangle abc, with angles A,B,C; a is opposite to A, b oppositite B, c opposite C: a/sin(A) = b/sin(B) = c/sin(C) (Law of Sines) c2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab cos(C)b2 = a2 + c2 - 2ac cos(B)a2 = b2 + c2 - 2bc cos(A) | | (Law of Cosines) | (a - b)/(a + b) = tan 1/2(A-B) / tan 1/2(A+B) (Law of...
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...thickness. Our world has three dimensions, but there are only two dimensions on a plane. Examples: • • length and height, or x and y And it goes on forever. Examples It is actually hard to give a real example! When we draw something on a flat piece of paper we are drawing on a plane ... ... except that the paper itself is not a plane, because it has thickness! And it should extend forever, too. So the very top of a perfect piece of paper that goes on forever is the right idea! Also, the top of a table, the floor and a whiteboard are all like a plane. Imagine Imagine you lived in a two-dimensional world. You could travel around, visit friends, but nothing in your world would have height. You could measure distances and angles. You could travel fast or slow. You could go forward, backwards or sideways. You could move in straight lines, circles, or anything so long as you never go up or down. What would life be like living on a plane? Regular 2-D Shapes - Polygons Move the mouse over the shapes to discover their properties. Triangle Square Pentagon Hexagon Heptagon Octagon Nonagon Decagon Hendecagon Dodecagon These shapes are known as regular polygons. A polygon is a many sided shape with straight sides. To be a regular...
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...Part Rest hand on lateral (radial) surface for 2nd or 3rd digits, or on the medial (ulnar) surface for 4th or 5th digits Extend affected digit Close remaining digits into a fist; hold in flexion with thumb 2nd and 5th digits directly in contact with IR 3rd and 4th placed parallel with IR Adjust to a true lateral position Central Ray Perpendicular to PIP joint of affected digit Collimation 1” on all sides of the digit, including 1” proximal to the MCP joint  Evaluation Criteria Entire digit in lateral position No rotation PA Oblique - 2nd through 5th  Position of Part Hand pronated with palmar surface resting on IR Center IR to level of PIP joint Rotate hand externally until digits are separated on a 45* angle (or placed on a 45* wedge) Central Ray Perpendicular to PIP joint of affected digit Collimation 1” on all sides of digit including 1” proximal to MCP joint  Evaluation Criteria Entire digit rotated 45* Includes distal portion of metacarpal AP Thumb Projection 1st Digit Robert View  Position of Part Hand in extreme medial rotation Hold other extended digits back with tape or opposite hand Rest thumb on IR Adjust hand to ensure true AP projection 5th metacarpal back far enough to avoid superimposition Long axis of thumb parallel with long axis of IR Central Ray...
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...5 Aircraft Load 5.1 Overview Aircraft structures must withstand the imposed load during operations; the extent depends on what is expected from the intended mission role. The bulkiness of the aircraft depends on its structural integrity to withstand the design load level. The heavier the load, the heavier is the structure; hence, the MTOW affecting aircraft performance. Aircraft designers must comply with mandatory certification regulations to meet the minimum safety standards. This book does not address load estimation in detail but rather continues with design information on load experienced by aircraft. Although the information provided herein is not directly used in configuring aircraft, the knowledge and data are essential for understanding design considerations that affect aircraft mass (i.e., weight). Only the loads and associated V-n diagram in symmetrical flight are discussed herein. It is assumed that designers are supplied with aircraft V-n diagrams by the aerodynamics and structures groups. Estimation of load is a specialized subject covered in focused courses and textbooks. However, this chapter does outline the key elements of aircraft loads. Aircraft shaping dictates the pattern of pressure distribution over the wetted surface that directly affects load distribution. Therefore, aircraft loads must be known early enough to make a design “right the first time.” 5.1.1 What Is to Be Learned? This chapter covers the following topics: Section 5.2: Introduction to...
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...A Kaleidoscope of Symmetry When I was a kid, I used to be fascinated with these little toy telescopes. It was not a typical telescope, though. It was special because, when you took a peek through the lens, all sorts of flowers from far off places would magically appear and it would leave me breathless. Of course, now I know a little bit more about these so-called telescopes, also known as kaleidoscopes. A kaleidoscope is an optical toy that can be consisted of multiple arts and craft materials like a paper towel tube, mirrors, and colored beads, whose reflections produce changing patterns that are visible through the eyehole when the tube is rotated. The kaleidoscope was invented in 1816 by a Scottish scientist, Sir David Brewster, and patented by him quickly after in 1817. Brewster innovatively named his invention using Greek terms: kalos, eidos, and scopos—which when combined means the beautiful form watcher. The first kaleidoscope was made using old pieces of colored glass and other shiny objects, which are reflected by angled mirrors or glass lenses ultimately creating a pattern that can be viewed at the end of the tube. As time progressed, an American innovationist, Charles Bush took the kaleidoscope improved it immensely and turned it into a popular trend. He obtained patents for these improvements in 1873 and 1874, which were related to the further development of kaleidoscopes, kaleidoscope boxes, objects for kaleidoscopes, and kaleidoscope stands. Charles Bush...
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