...Ethical Treatment of Animals Duane Aponte SOC120: Introduction to Ethics & Social Responsibility (GSG1207J) Dr. James Prentice 03/19/12 Throughout my life I have always been an animal lover. My main concerns have questioned the behavior of humans towards animals and why researchers choose to experiment on many different animals. I am extremely disgusted by these experiments and for their explanation as for the purpose of scientific research. I understand the objective and what may be the greater good for such experiments. But I do not understand why so many experiments are needed with very little justifications. In my paper I will discuss why experiments should not be taken lightly and will try to draw a conclusion on how we can as a society limit such cruelty towards animals during these experiments. I will also use different ethical theories to explain my point of view. My theories will include an Ethical Moral approach, Utilitarianism point of view, and Deontology point of views. Introduction The use of animals in research and education has involved ethical concern for many years, most particularly in toxicology and bio-medical studies. More recently, ethical concerns have been raised over less disturbing studies such as animal behavior research (Mench, 2000). My concern is before conducting behavioral research, the researcher should first evaluate whether the purpose of the experiment justifies the use of animals. If the purpose is found to be justified...
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...Many immigrants come to the United States for a better future for their families and themselves, but not knowing the difficulties they must face crossing the border to get here first. Immigrants know it is not an easy thing to do migrating to the United States because it is not that simple as getting on a plane and heading over here. They must face many challenges and risks crossing the border without getting caught or killed. Once they finally get here (the ones that survive) they realize the danger is not over, but it just beginning. Immigrants that migrate to the United States in pursue of a better life for their families and themselves, but face the first challenge even before crossing the border, which is leaving their families behind. “When men and women immigrate illegally to the United States, they often leave much more than a town and a country. They leave fathers and mothers, husbands and wives, sons and daughters. The children sometimes grow up not knowing their parents — and sometimes never seeing them again. In some cases, they come to resent the parent who isn’t there at Christmas or on their birthday or to tuck them in at night.” (Trevizo) leaving family behind is the most difficult thing for a parent because you do not know if you will die trying to cross the border or how long it will take to be reunited with the ones you love. They have to say goodbye to their love ones like if it is the last time he or she will see them again. Immigrants pay money to be...
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...¬¬¬Animal testing is always on the debate through the past century with the rapid development of technology and medication industry. Animals are used in generally three purposes Biomedical and behavior research, Education, and Drug and product testing. With the development of these industries, animal testing becomes a hot topic. On one side, people tries to protect animals since they think all the organisms are equal. On the other side however, scientist and some anthropologists who stand on human’s perspective point out that all the efforts we have paid to try to be nice to animals are just because we are humans and we are the dominant force on this earth. The better position should be --- we as humans should protect animals since they live on the same planet as we do, but the first priority of all the creatures are to survive which is very cruel but very true. Therefore, humans have the right to make their lives better by conducting a certain level of animal testing. Animal testing is essential for human beings to cure their diseases. The record of animal would be traced back to at least 2000 years ago with the first record made in the third century B.C. In Egypt, philosopher and scientist Erisistratus used animals to study body functions. About five centuries later, the roman physician Galen proved that theory by conducting an animal test and finally uncovered the mask of body function (Research Animals, History, n.d). According to the FBR, (Foundation for Biomedical Research)...
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...,July 21st 2009 ENC 1102 M,W, 7:45am Term Paper “The Theme of Human Struggle in the Works of Ernest Hemingway” In my research paper I will show how elements of life and death, folklore/fables, myths, and rites of passage support the theme of human struggle against nature in the stories "The Old Man and the Sea," "Indian Camp," "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" and "The Snows of Kilimanjaro” by Ernest Hemingway. Through comparative analysis of these stories' underlying themes I will address the initiation experiences of his heroes. Human dignity, morality, and the formation of human individuality through mental strife and the struggle against nature are often themes of Hemingway. Humans cope with the complexity of the world by developing simple mental models based on opposite parts. Life and death are together, two extremes of one energy. Life is the active force and death is the inactive force, but they cannot be separated. Thus, they are two aspects of one reality. When people are reading about living beings and mythological beings or those who are dead, they view the word of the dead as a living world. The dead eat, sleep and move. In the book “The Hero in Hemingway's short stories”, J. DeFalco points out that: " in the Myth there are usually three dominant movements which are cyclic in pattern. They are the departure of the hero, the initiation, and the return from heroic adventure." (17). The movements of the hero to the world where...
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...Aleisha Wiley Business Sustainability December 15, 2013 What does sustainability mean in general terms and in a business context In general terms, the key principal of sustainability is to support, endure, perpetuate and supply the necessities of life on earth without depleting resources at a rate in which they cannot replenish themselves, crossing any thresholds or boundaries potential harmful the existence of life or destroy ecosystems that are important to animal and plant life on earth. These principals can also be applied to the life we lead as business owners, manager and other working professionals. In this paper I will be discussing what the key principals and meaning of sustainability as it applies to general terms and in a business context. Sustainable business or green business is an enterprise that has no negative impact on the global or local environment, community, society, or economy. The organization participates in environmentally friendly activities that ensure all processes, products and manufacturing activities adequately address current environmental concerns while maintaining a profit. In other words, it is a business that “meets the needs of the present world without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs. Exemplary examples of a green business are the efforts of Nike and Adidas. They developed a new way of dyeing clothes with CO2 instead of water. The process is a potentially revolutionary technique that...
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...known as mythological creatures consisting of traits from multiple animals. In recent times chimeras are with the realm of scientific. Recent advancements with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) therapies have helped increase scientific understanding in a previously unnoticed phenomenon. IVF increases the likely hood of multiple blastocysts merging to become one organism. Moreover, developments in cellular research stem cell research, and cross species transplants has brought the possibility of human-nonhuman into the forefront of scientific research for which we are ill prepared. There are three dilemmas that are shaping public policy, and constraining scientific research. These dilemmas are political, ethical, and moral. As we work to answer these dilemmas, we also stumble to maintain international leadership in scientific advancement. Chimeras are an interesting realization in modern science. A chimera was initially mentioned in ancient Greek literature as a beast consisting of a lion, a goat, and a snake. (Homer & Murray, 2012) This definitely sounds like an archaic depiction of a mythological creature, but the title also has some contemporary uses. In modern biology, a Chimera is simply an organism with multiple Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. On the surface, this subject seems like an interesting biological focus, but one may find it hard to research this subject of biology without scratching the surface of the political...
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...After reading both the American Counseling Association (ACA) (2014) Code of Ethics and the American Mental Health Counseling Association (AMHCA) (2011), I felt that it was important to touch upon certain sections that I feel could become potential issues for us as counselors. Essay 1. There are many skills needed in order to work with a patient presenting with a co-occurring disorder. According to the American Mental Health Counseling Association (AMHCA) (2011), there are eight skills that we as counselors must center our focus on. They are all very important, yet I chose to focus on us as counselors can demonstrate our skills wisely by utilizing the knowledge we have gained during training. One of the hardest part of counseling clients is trying to discover what exactly is needed to help that client maintain a healthy relationship with others and a balance within themselves. Clients with co-occurring disorders are the most difficult kind of client. We must understand the treatment and clinical management of common co-occurring disorders such as anxiety, depression, PTSD and trauma-related disorders, dissociative disorders, personality disorders, eating disorders, psychotic disorders, disruptive behaviors, and mood disorders in combination with substance abuse disorders. We must provide appropriate counseling strategies by demonstrating the ability to modify counseling systems, theories, interventions when necessary and specific techniques that will work with the client...
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...of Health Consciousness, Food Safety Concern and Ethical Identity on Attitudes and Intentions towards Organic Food Dr Nina Michaelidou University of Birmingham Birmingham Business School University House Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT Phone +441214148318 n.michaelidou@bham.ac.uk Dr. Louise M. Hassan University of Stirling and the Open University Institute for Social Marketing University of Stirling Stirling, FK9 4LA Scotland UK Phone +44 1786 466457 Fax +44 1786 466449 louise.hassan@stir.ac.uk 1 Abstract The paper examines the roles of health consciousness, food safety concern and ethical self identity in predicting attitudes and purchase intention within the context of organic produce. A conceptual model is derived and tested via structural equation modelling. Findings indicate food safety as the most important predictor of attitude while health consciousness appears to be the least important motive in contrast to findings from some previous research. In addition, ethical self identity is found to predict both attitudes and intention to purchase organic produce emphasizing that respondents’ identification with ethical issues affects their attitudes and subsequent consumption choices. Key words: organic foods, health consciousness, food safety, ethical self-identity, structural equation modeling, attitudes and intentions, rural consumers. Background The organic food market has grown substantially over recent years across the globe (Giffort & Bernard 2006; Padel...
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...on doing this Research Paper. “Is it entrainable or not?”, one question with different ideas and information’s sticking with it. No specific and particular reviews I need to provide about it, I just need to gather information by means of researching just to know if Circadian Rhythm is entrainable or not. Although the process is not easy, as people who have suffered from a jetlag, because the more time you did not sleep, the more you will suffer Circadian Rhythm. Sleep and waking, for instance, occur naturally to the beat of an internal pacemaker, which works on a cycle of about twenty-four-hours. My purpose on making and researching is to have broad ideas and I need to answer the question bothering me if it is entrainale or not. I need to defend my title against myself to be proudly to present it and defend it easily.In my title, I used the questioning type because I want to know if Circadian Rhythm is truly entrainable or not. Y abstract focuses on the summary of my entire research paper and what are my goals and objectives on making this research. In listing the methods and procedures, my goal is to give the reader sufficient information to be able to understand it clearly. I have also results to give some description and guide to help the reader recognize my important points. Also the written conclusions were I stated what I’ve learned and proved. Lastly, in the bibliography I listed different references I used in my Research Paper to gather more...
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...Illegal Immigration and Border Policy In recent years, Illegal immigration has been a contemporary political and social debate. It has been the platform of many politicians, especially in the southwest, and it is often a popular subject in news media. People in favor of strict immigration policy often claim that illegal immigrants are costly to the American economy and that they take American jobs. The border control policy is ineffective, it is often too costly for its effectiveness. Border policies have increased the number of immigrant deaths in the deserts of border states. Not only that but the US/Mexico border is harmful to the environment. The anti-immigration policy that's currently in effect goes against a rich cultural history in North America. Lastly, popular arguments made for strict immigration will be brought to light. In 2006, George W. Bush signed H.R. 6061, also known as the Secure Fence Act, in an attempt to increase border security and expand the US/Mexico Border. Prompted by heightened national security measures after 9/11, the bill was designed to "help protect the American people" and marked " an important step toward immigration reform" (Bush 2006). The bill doubled funding for border security, increasing expenditures from $4.6 billion in 2001 to $10.4 billion in 2006. This money went to "[authorize] the construction of hundreds of miles of additional fencing along our Southern border" and to "[deploy] thousands of National Guard members to assist...
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...and quality improvement. Select 8-10 historical regulatory and nonregulatory events and activities over the 20th century that contributed to the theoretical foundations of risk management. The matrix must identify the name, year, and founder of the development; the nature of the development; and its importance in the development of risk management and quality improvement. Use this table as a graphic organizer to summarize the theoretical underpinnings and historical development of risk management and quality improvement. Historical Development (Name, Year) Founder of Event Nature of Development Importance to Development of Risk Management and Quality Improvement 1. The National Health care Quality Report, 2011 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality The nature of the development is to monitor and control nationally the quality of care in the United States. These reports measure trends in effectiveness of care, patient safety, timeliness of care, patient centeredness, and efficiency of care. In the 20th century new chapters on care coordination, health system infrastructures are put into place. The reports present, in chart form, the latest available findings on quality of and access to health care. According to Priority areas for national action: Transforming health care quality (2003), the committee decided a framework would be useful in helping to identify potential candidates for the priority areas.The framework encompasses four domains of care, they are the following;...
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...How we're herded by language Metaphors can persuade us to war or bring us back from the brink. We must try to be more aware of them ------------------------------------------------- Sarah Bakewell, The Guardian, Friday 6 September 2013 ‘The present meaning of the word poodle seems a world away from what the original breeders must have had in mind when they bred the Pudelhund to be a water retriever.' …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Here come the old metaphors again – and some new ones, too. In the last few days we have heard Barack Obama flooding the zone so as to urge strikes in Syria, within time windows, but without boots on the ground, because of the crossing of a red line which, back in May, threatened to box in the president, or even turn into a green light for Bashar al-Assad, who himself says that "the Middle East is a powder keg, and today the fuse is getting shorter". John Kerry calls people who hesitate "armchair isolationists," which suggests useless snoozers by the fireside rather than thoughtful opponents. Meanwhile, the media dubs France "America's poodle". So vivid are British memories of that taunt that the very thought of it may have accelerated the quick decision this time to reject military involvement. Metaphors are powerful. They can herd us to war or hold us back from the brink (these being metaphors too). Yet meanings shift. Whole theses could be written on the history of armchairs and poodles. Indeed, in a discussion of the...
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...Vol. 3, No. 1, 2012, pp. 19-25 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES www.ijbmss-ng.com © 2012 MultiCraft Limited. All rights reserved Assessment of drivers understanding of road signs in Ghana: A case study along Ho – Afloa Togo route Maxwell Selase Akple*, Robert Biscoff Ho Polytechnic, Mechanical Engineering Dept, P.O.Box Box HP 217, Ho. Volta Region, GHANA Corresponding author’s e-mail : oomaxi@yahoo.com, Tel. +233 244979950 Abstract This paper examines driver’s knowledge concerning road sign usage along an international route in Ghana. There were two stages for the data collection. First, an observational study was conducted to determine the specific road signs along the route. Second, questionnaires were administered to 50 drivers who regularly drove on this route to assess their understanding of those road signs. The study shows that various road signs and markings are along the route. Hump ridge ramps are the dominant road signs observed coupled with pedestrian crossing warning sign posts. Most drivers do not recognize common road signs and markings hence their memorability, remembrance and application during driving is difficult. Main contributing factors are driver’s not professional trained and symbolic nature of the road signs. Challenges encountered during road sign usage include size of road sign indicating situations, visibility, reflectivity and placement. The result of the study recommended alphanumeric road sign and identified that...
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...Edwin Hill Professor Skolnik English 1280-05 Final Research Paper HIV: Introspective Overview What is HIV? Figure 1 HIV 1 virus electron micrograph, (Goldsmith) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus of the lentivirus genus. HIV attacks the immune system by invading and destroying certain white blood cells such as helper T cells (mainly CD4+ T cells), dendritic cells, and macrophages. The infection and destruction of the CD4+ T cells takes place through three methods: The direct viral killing of the infected cells, the apoptosis (programmed cell death) of infected cells, and the killing of infected CD4+ T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize infected cells. Once the CD4+ T cells are diminished to a certain critical level, the immunity catalyzed and mediated by these cells is lost, leaving the body vulnerable to infection from other viruses (Noble, AVERT). The last stage of HIV infection is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). This stage is reached due to lack of treatment while in the earlier stage of HIV. Those who reach this stage commonly die due to infections associated with the progressive failure of the immune system. There are two known types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. Both are transmitted by either sexual contact, through blood, or from mother to child, and they both appear to cause clinically indistinguishable AIDS. However, HIV-2 is less easily transmitted, and the period between initial infection...
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...Windshield Survey Summary and Reflection D.G. University Of Phoenix Nursing 405 E. June 1, 2014 Windshield Survey Summary and Reflection The windshield survey is a proficient tool in learning about the community. The survey is an excellent tool to gain knowledge of the health needs. It provides an understanding of the people as a whole, and if there are available resources. The survey shows the diversity and vulnerability in the community. A community is an area where a diverse group of people lives and come together. The community is a great place to socialize and help one another. Residents work and interact together in the community. Community health provides education and resources for the health needs of the community. Community health determines the health issues of the community and the best ways to prevent or manage those health issues. When the community becomes the client, the nurse is no longer focusing on an individual and their personal health needs. Instead, the focus is on the health needs of the entire community. Nursing is slowly shifting back to community health care. The public health nurse is able to assist the community in improving their health when they partner together. The “community partnership is a basic focus of such population-centered approaches as Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships” (Stanhope and Lancaster, 2012, p. 402). The participating family lives at the end of a cul-de-sac with the woods directly...
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