...Throughout history, diseases and disasters have shaped people’s beliefs and concerns. During the 13th century, the Bubonic Plague was no exception to this theory. Authors, physicians, and European travelers expressed their beliefs regarding the plague, how their lifestyles had changed because of it and how they believed it spread throughout the great continent of Europe. These groups of authors, physicians and travelers all formed their own beliefs and concerns about the plague such as Erasmus of Rotterdam who believed that “the plague and sickness in England is due to the filth on the streets…” (Doc 2) At the time, physicians were believed to have more informed beliefs and concerns than other members of society due to their advanced educations. In fact, Johann Weyer, a German physician, claimed that townspeople smeared the bolts of the town with an ointment directly intended to spread the plague to anyone who touched it. In turn, many people died, including members of the royal family. Weyer even believed that heirs of the dead paid people to spread the cream so that they could inherit their fortunes more quickly. (Doc 4). On the other hand, Giovan Fillipo pronounced in 1576 his motto of, “Gold, fire, the gallows: gold for the expense of the pest houses to quarantine the diseased, the gallows to punish those who violate the heath regulations and to frighten the others, and bonfires to eliminate infected things.” (Doc 6) The motto of Fillipo was well respected by his fellow...
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...Emily Byford AP European History Mr. Ehrean Research Paper Witch Craze DBQ During the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries in Europe, the persecution of of individuals as witches was common. Witches were persecuted in most of Europe, and trials were held anywhere from Germany to France. At least 100,000 accused witches were put on trial. People were persecuted for reasons such as differences in social class or gender. Others were put on trial because of a personal disagreement or conflict with an accuser. Still, others were accused because numerous people hoped to gain wealth from the prosecution. The persecution of people as witches in Europe was widely based on personal matters. A difference in the way someone looked or acted made some people question if he or she practiced sorcery. This is stated by W. Fulbecke in 1618. He expressed that the elderly were not a wholesome and virtuous group of people, and as they aged, they purposefully spreaded the disease of malevolence to society. "The bodies of aged persons are impure... they use their very breath and their sight... to the vexation and destruction of others." (Fulbecke, 1618). Fulbecke believed that because the elderly were generally weak, the Devil inhabited them and controlled them to destroy others. Women were accused of sorcery and witchcraft much more than men were. "Women are naturally more impressionable, and more ready to receive the influence of a disembodied spirit; and when they use this quality well they...
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...aspect of the mindset of the masses throughout history. It is best defined by PhilosophyNow as the vernacular or people’s culture that predominates in a society at a point in time. The popular culture of Early Modern Europe can largely be classified as a shift from rowdy and vulgar celebrations to a more educated form of enjoying oneself. In the 1800’s, the formation of a mass society accompanied the growing literary movement, while post-WWI Europe experienced the gradual growth of mass media after numerous technological advancements, and later, a global movement towards rapid Americanization. In the mid-1300’s, the disease known as the Black Death was progressing rapidly throughout Europe. As more and more bodies were infected, the European masses began to live each day as if it were their last. This took place in the form of “sex crazed and alcoholic orgies” (Spielvogel 307). In Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decameron, a description of the popular reaction to the plague is featured: “Others maintained free living to be a better preservative, and would baulk no passion or appetite they wished to gratify, drinking and reveling incessantly from tavern to tavern” (Boccaccio 3). Although the most prominent scares of the Black Death began to fade away in the later years of the 14th century, the need for a rowdy form of enjoyment was still prevalent. Europe experienced a so-called ‘Golden Age of Theatre’ in the 16th and early 17th centuries and quickly spread to all classes of society...
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...AP World History Survival Guide Name ________________________________ Teacher __________________________ Block _________________ Table of Contents | Pages | AP World History Overview | 3 – 7 | The AP Exam | 3 | World Regions | 4 – 5 | Five Course Themes | 6 | Four Historical Thinking Skills | 7 | Essays Overview | 8 - 15 | Document-based Question (DBQ) | 8 – 12 | Change and Continuity over Time (CCOT) | 13 – 15 | Comparative Essay | 16 – 18 | Released Free Response Questions | 19 – 20 | AP Curriculum Framework | 21 – 38 | Period 1 (Up to 600 B.C.E.)—5% | 21 – 22 | Period 2 (600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E.)—15% | 23 – 25 | Period 3 (600 to 1450)—20% | 26 – 28 | Period 4 (1450 to 1750)—20% | 29 – 31 | Period 5 (1750 to 1900)—20% | 32 – 35 | Period 6 (1900 to the present)—20% | 36 – 38 | Help with Some Confusing Subjects | 39 – 43 | Chinese Dynasties | 39 | Political, Economic, and Social Systems | 40 | Religions | 41 | Primary Sources | 42 | “Must Know” Years | 43 | * Many of the guidelines in this study packet are adapted from the AP World History Course Description, developed by College Board. The AP Exam Purchasing and taking the AP World History exam are requirements of the course. This year, the AP World History exam will be administered on: ___________________________________________ Format I. Multiple...
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...AP World History Survival Guide Name ________________________________ Teacher __________________________ Block _________________ Table of Contents | Pages | AP World History Overview | 3 – 7 | The AP Exam | 3 | World Regions | 4 – 5 | Five Course Themes | 6 | Four Historical Thinking Skills | 7 | Essays Overview | 8 - 15 | Document-based Question (DBQ) | 8 – 12 | Change and Continuity over Time (CCOT) | 13 – 15 | Comparative Essay | 16 – 18 | Released Free Response Questions | 19 – 20 | AP Curriculum Framework | 21 – 38 | Period 1 (Up to 600 B.C.E.)—5% | 21 – 22 | Period 2 (600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E.)—15% | 23 – 25 | Period 3 (600 to 1450)—20% | 26 – 28 | Period 4 (1450 to 1750)—20% | 29 – 31 | Period 5 (1750 to 1900)—20% | 32 – 35 | Period 6 (1900 to the present)—20% | 36 – 38 | Help with Some Confusing Subjects | 39 – 43 | Chinese Dynasties | 39 | Political, Economic, and Social Systems | 40 | Religions | 41 | Primary Sources | 42 | “Must Know” Years | 43 | * Many of the guidelines in this study packet are adapted from the AP World History Course Description, developed by College Board. The AP Exam Purchasing and taking the AP World History exam are requirements of the course. This year, the AP World History exam will be administered on: ___________________________________________ Format I. Multiple...
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...CONTENTS Section 1 - Industry Profile Overview Future Outlook European Industry Overview North America Overview Asia & Pacific Industry Overview India & Middle East Industry Overview Development of World Scheduled Air Traffic World Economic Growth and Airline Profits Rankings - Passenger services Rankings – Freight services Section 2 - British Airways Profile Overview Alliances LHR Air Transport Movements LGW Air Transport Movements Awards History Key Events (1987-2005) Board Members Leadership Team British Airways Management Team Employees Brands Departmental Analysis Section 3 - British Airways Fleet Aircraft Fleet Aircraft Delivery Schedule Mainline Fleet Profiles Regional Aircraft Fleet Maintenance Section 4 - British Airways Performance Summary Strategy Social and Environmental Performance Incentive Plans Summary Financial / Operating Statistics Principal Investments Shareholder Information Share Price History Section 5 - Global Partners Overview BA Connect Franchisees oneworld Aer Lingus American Airlines Cathay Pacific Finnair Iberia LanChile Qantas oneworld At A Glance Section 6 - Route Network British Airways Franchisees Section 7 - General Information Airport Three Letter Decodes Outside Advisors Abbreviations & Specialist Terms How To Contact Us 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 8 89 91 92 93 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 9 9 10 10 11 12 13 38 39 40 41 44 47 105 109 110 115 116 118 56 56 57 69 72 73 74 75 75 77 86 87 88 This document has been prepared solely...
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