...Center Using APA: Creating a Reference Page (Updated October 2012—APA 6th Edition) General Guidelines for Formatting a Reference Page Your reference list provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the essay. Each source you cite in the essay must appear in your reference list (except for personal communications); each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text. Start the reference list on a new page. Type the word References in upper and lowercase letters, centered, at the top of the page on the first line below the page header; do not underline, and do not put it in quotation marks. Your reference list must be in alphabetical order according to author’s last name; if no author is given for a particular source, alphabetize by the title of the piece and use a shortened version of the title for parenthetical citations. If you have more than one work by a particular author, order them by publication date, oldest to newest. Provide first initial (and not first name) and middle initial (if provided) for all authors of a particular work. Capitalize only the first word of a title or subtitle of a work unless it is a proper noun. Italicize titles of books and journals—note that the italics extend to include the volume number of a periodical as well as the period at the end of a book title. Use “&” instead of “and” when listing multiple authors of a single work. The first line of each entry in your Reference list should...
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...APA Style The main scholarly association for academic psychologists in the United States, the American Psychological Association (APA) has developed standardized methods for citing print and electronic sources used in research. Below are instructions according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edition) and http://www.apastyle.org/. Instructions Alphabetize each entry in a works cited list by the first letter, ignoring the articles A, An, and The. Indent subsequent lines of entries one-half inch. Names: Use initials for first and middle names. Titles: For articles, chapters and books, capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle and proper nouns. Fully capitalize periodical titles. Dates: Publication dates use the order year, month day. The access date uses the order month day year. If no publication date is available, use "n.d." in place of date. The following examples are citations from EBSCO databases. If you cannot find some of this information, cite what is available. Different styles may apply when citing print and other sources. Journal Article Pattern: [Author last name], [First initial]. [Middle initial]. ([Publication year]). [Title of article]. [Title of journal], [Volume number]([Issue number]), [Page number starts]-[ends]. [Document Object Identifier] Example: Silva, L. (2007). Epistemological and theoretical challenges for studying power and politics in information systems. Information Systems Journal...
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...APA- REFERENCE WRITING Reference List References cited in the text of a research paper must appear in a Reference List or bibliography. This list provides the information necessary to identify and retrieve each source. • Entries should be arranged in alphabetical order by authors' last names. Sources without authors are arranged alphabetically by title within the same list. • Write out the last name and initials for all authors of a particular work. • Capitalize only the first word of a title or subtitle, and any proper names that are part of a title. • Use an ampersand (&) instead of the word "and" when listing multiple authors of a single work. • Use the abbreviation p. or pp. to designate page numbers of articles from periodicals that do not use volume numbers, especially newspapers. These abbreviations are also used to designate pages in encyclopedia articles and chapters from edited books. • Indentation *: The first line of the entry is flush with the left margin, and all subsequent lines are indented (5 to 7 spaces) to form a "hanging indent." • Underlining vs. Italics *: It is appropriate to use italics instead of underlining for titles of books and journals. • The APA has special formatting standards for the use of indentation and italics in manuscripts or papers that will be typeset or submitted for official publication. Examples: Articles in Journals, Magazines, and Newspapers References to periodical articles must...
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...APA referencing style paper Example | Description | Small, Medium and Micro Enterprise(SMME)Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)Manufacturing Advisory Centres(MACs)Industrial Development Corporation(IDC)Western Cape Business Opportunities Forum( WCBOF) | The full name is followed by the abbreviation | (Marais , 2001;and Chrisholm,2004)(van Bussel,1998; and OECD,2004)(Thomas,1999,p.29)(Sarder et al., 1997;Tweed and Massey, 2000; Audet et al., 2007)(Selsky and Parker,2005, p.854; Kourula and Laasonen, 2009, p.1; Le Ber and Branzei, 2009, p.2; and Rasche, 2009, p.517) | The in-referencing style is given in the round brackets starting with the name of the author , the year of publication and page number separated by comma. If there are multiple authors in In-references then those are separated by semicolon. | (Department of Trade and Industry,1995) | Organization’s full name is followed by the year of event. | “Review of ten years of small-business support in South Africa 1994-2004” (Department of Trade and Industry,2004)“The government reiterated.....the disabled” (Department of Trade and Industry,2004, p.70) | The statement in quotation is followed by who stated it , when and the page number. | Christian Friedrich* and Eslyn Isaacs** | Footnote is indicated by asterisk(*). | Thomas(1999) | Author’s name and year of statement | (Audet et al. , 2007) | If there are more than two authors then main author’s name appears first followed by...
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...APA Style IN-TEXT CITATION • www.apastyle.org APA style is a set of guidelines established by the American Psychological Association for presenting written research. See: The American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Copies of this manual are available at the LCC Library and are located on the 2nd (Ref BF 76.7 .P83 2010) and 3rd floor (BF 76.7 .P83 2010). Information is also available at: • www.lcc.edu/library/research-help/citation BASIC FORMAT AUTHOR-DATE STYLE In addition to having a references list at the end of your paper, you must give credit to sources that you use within your paper. Usually the author’s last name and publication date are enough for the reader to identify the complete reference in the references list. See the examples below for variations of this general rule. Author’s name in text APA Manual 6.11 (p. 174) If you cite the author’s name in your paper, cite only the publication year in parentheses at the end of the sentence: Citing two authors APA Manual 6.12 (p. 175) Cite both authors’ last names and the publication date every time you refer to the work in your paper. In parentheses, use an ampersand (&) to separate the authors’ names: In Silent Spring, Carsen (1962) made an intelligent and passionate case for the immediate cessation of careless and pervasive pesticide use. They believe that a key aspect of...
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...University of Phoenix Material APA Reference and Citation Worksheet Instructions: Use the Center for Writing Excellence’s Reference and Citation Generator (https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cwe/citation_generator/) to generate references and citations for two sources from the University of Phoenix library. You can use the two library sources that you chose for the Week 2 assignment if you still plan to use them in your final paper, or you can select two new sources that you have found in the library to use instead. To access the Reference and Citation Generator, you can use the link provided above or follow these steps: 1. Go to Library 2. Click on Center for Writing Excellence 3. Click on Visit Tutorials and Guides 4. Under APA Information, click on Reference and Citation Generator To generate accurate reference entries and in-text citations, it is vital that you identify correctly the type of source you are using and select it from the list provided by the Reference and Citation Generator. Because of the different requirements of each type of source, identifying accurately the types of sources you are using can mean the difference between citing a source correctly and citing it incorrectly. |Types of Sources |Source Selections in the Reference and Citation Generator | |Books |[pic] ...
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...7.1 Ashford University APA 6th Ed. Checklist for Student Papers This checklist is designed as a guide to the key elements of APA 6th ed. style required for student papers at Ashford University (AU). General ItemS Requirements | The entire document is double-spaced, from title page through references. | Margins are 1" on all sides and 12 pt Times New Roman font is required according to Ashford guidelines. | There are no bold, oversized, or decorative fonts used in the document. | "I", "we", "our" should only be used rarely in a research document. The writing needs to be objective and impersonal and in the third person unless otherwise stated in the assignment guidelines. It is also preferred that students not refer to themselves in the third person. | Numbers: * Always spell out a number in words if it begins a sentence. * Generally spell out the numbers one through ten in words. Use figures for numbers above ten unless they begin a sentence. | Title Page Requirements | The title page should be in the following order: * Title * Your name * Course * Instructor * Date Submitted | Please note that Ashford University APA guidelines require title pages to include the course instructor's name and date. This requirement is specific to Ashford and is not included in the APA publication guidelines as outlined in the APA Publication Manual (6th edition). | Running Header Requirements | All papers must include a Running Header. It needs to be...
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...Module 2 Rubric as a Word Document 35.0 % Explains what the article is about. Does not explain what the article is about. Explains what the article is about, but explanation is inaccurate. May or may not meet word count requirement. Explains what the article is about. Meets word count requirement. Explains what the article is about and relates it to the topic of study. Meets word count requirement. Includes several important aspects of the article. Explains what the article is about and relates it to the topic of study. Meets word count requirement. Includes a discussion of the research problem, questions, method, findings, and implications discussed by the authors. 35.0 % Summary meets criteria of an effective summary including objectivity, order, accuracy, and simplicity. Summary does not follow guidelines of an effective summary for graduate level writing. Summary is significantly lacking qualities of an effective summary. Summary meets some criteria of an effective summary, but is lacking in at least two areas. Summary meets most criteria of an effective summary, but is lacking in at least one area. Summary meets all criteria of an effective summary including objectivity, order, accuracy, and simplicity. 20.0 %Organization and Effectiveness 20.0 % Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use) Writing is unclear and not concise. Spelling, punctuation, and/or grammar errors significantly distract from the...
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...leader within your field of study who exemplifies positive leadership skills in your field of study. * Indicate your field of study and graduation completion. * Summarize the role of individual accountability as an element of success. * Define personal strengths (based on assessments) and list how they can be used to support success. * Evaluate the roles of critical thinking, leadership, and accountability as critical elements in a personal plan for success. | | Project Guidelines | | There are 2 parts to you Project: The Outline and the PowerPoint Presentation The Outline: * Turn in your outline and reference section in APA format in Week 5 (100 points). * You will need to find appropriate research, create and outline for your project and including a reference section for your project. The reference section should be in APA format. The outline should contain at least three in-text citations to show where your sources will support your project. * All DeVry University policies are in effect including the plagiarism policy. * Due in Week 5. The PowerPoint * Your PowerPoint is a visual representation of your Leadership Outline (200 points) * You will present slides about your Leadership Outline to include a minimum of 15 slides which include speaker notes,...
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...paragraph after the paper title is the introduction, no heading labeled Introduction is used. Refer to your assignment guidelines for the headings to be used for the body of the paper. See the APA file in Doc Sharing for additional resources. Level 1 Paper Heading (Bold and centered) Begin to type the body of your paper here. Use as many paragraphs as needed to cover the content appropriately. Level 2 Heading (if required) (Bold and starts at left margin) Type additional content here. Next Level 2 Heading Continue to add support for your purpose. Next Level 1 Heading Use as many headings as necessary to organize your paper. Short papers may only have first-level headings. Longer papers may require more organizational detail. See your APA manual for instructions on formatting multiple levels of headings. Conclusion Papers should end with a conclusion or summary. The assignment directions will specify which is required. It should be concise and contain little or no detail. No matter how much space is left on the page, the references always start on a separate page (insert a page break). References (centered, not bold) Type your references in alphabetical order here using hanging indents. See your APA Manual and the resources in your APA folder in Doc Sharing for reference...
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...pricing strategy. Continue with the other parts of the marketing mix (place, promotion, and product), and discuss how the lemonade stand should be branded utilizing this marketing mix in this section. Draw upon Chapter 13 to support your points, and compose your response in complete sentences with APA citations where applicable. For this section and all sections in which research is incorporated, please keep the following in mind: An in-text citation uses the following format: (Author’s last name, year). It should appear at the end of the sentence in which information gathered from your text appears. Be sure to place quotation marks around any material that comes word for word from your source. When directly quoting, you must also include the page number in your in-text citation: (Author’s last name, year, p. #). Here is an example: (Williams & Tollet, 2008, p. 49). OPPORTUNITIES FOR NEW LOCATIONS Your stand in your neighborhood has been very successful and you are considering expanding operations. In doing so, you will need to outline some criteria for potential new locations in this section. Reference Chapter 15 for support, and compose your response in complete sentences with APA citations where applicable. PROMOTION PLANS You have a $ 10,000 budget to promote your stand in the local community....
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...pricing strategy. Continue with the other parts of the marketing mix (place, promotion, and product), and discuss how the lemonade stand should be branded utilizing this marketing mix in this section. Draw upon Chapter 13 to support your points, and compose your response in complete sentences with APA citations where applicable. For this section and all sections in which research is incorporated, please keep the following in mind: An in-text citation uses the following format: (Author’s last name, year). It should appear at the end of the sentence in which information gathered from your text appears. Be sure to place quotation marks around any material that comes word for word from your source. When directly quoting, you must also include the page number in your in-text citation: (Author’s last name, year, p. #). Here is an example: (Williams & Tollet, 2008, p. 49). Opportunities for New Locations Your stand in your neighborhood has been very successful and you are considering expanding operations. In doing so, you will need to outline some criteria for potential new locations in this section. Reference Chapter 15 for support, and compose your response in complete sentences with APA citations where applicable. Promotion Plans You have a $ 10,000 budget to promote your stand in the local community. Please outline two or three ways you could promote this business...
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...American Psychological Association (APA) APA Style Manual 6th Edition Quick Reference Writing-Style Handbook Strayer University March 1, 2010 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 4 CHAPTER 1 Basic Form and Appearance 5 Margins 5 Spacing 5 Font Styles 5 Page Numbers 5 Page Headers 6 Title Page 6 Headings 8 Numbers 9 Lists 10 Abbreviations 10 Tables and Figures 10 CHAPTER 2 SUPPORTING DOCUENTATION FOR ACADEMIC PAPERS 13 In–Text Citation 13 Direct Quotations 14 Works with no Author or with an Anonymous Author 15 Work by Two Authors 16 Work by Multiple Authors, five or more 16 Paraphrasing 17 Do Not Plagiarize 18 Using Block Quotations 19 Reference List: Basic Rules 20 References within the Reference List 20 Reference Examples for Periodicals 20 Reference Examples for Non-Periodicals 21 Electronic Sources 22 Examples for Internet Sources 22 Miscellaneous Sources 24 CHAPTER 3 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 26 APA Writing Style Quick Reference Introduction This writing-style handbook is intended to provide basic examples of APA style, modeled after the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2010). The intent is not to provide detailed instructions relative...
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...APA REFERENCING AND CITATIONS APA referencing is something that you have to learn as soon as possible to successfully continue your university education especially in the US system. For information on how to cite reference within the text and reference lists please visit the following web site. This is a very comprehensive and easy to follow tutorial on the basics of the APA style guide. http://flash1r.apa.org/apastyle/basics/index.htm (slide show) The following is an example of how you should compile the List of References you use for your assignments, reports etc. REFERENCES A reference list should include ALL the sources – books, journal articles, online articles etc that you have used in your paper/assignment. In the APA system the Surname of the author, the date of publication, title of book or article, (for articles the name of the book or journal in which the article appears and the page numbers), place of publication (for books) and the name of the publisher should be given in that order. Examples of how to reference online sources Using DOI digital object identifier Carretie, L. Hinojosa, J. A., Martin-Loeches, M., Mecado, F., & Tapia, M. (2004) Automatic attention to emotional stimuli: Neural correlates. Human Brain Mapping, 22, 290–299. doi:10.1002/hbm.20037 Bogoslaw, D. (2008, September 2). Solar Energy Stocks: All Fired Up. Business Week Online. Academic Search Premier database. www.ebscohost.com (2009, June 14) Using URL...
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...How do you reference a web page that lists no author? When there is no author for a web page, the title moves to the first position of the reference entry: Example: All 33 Chile miners freed in flawless rescue. (2010, October 13). Retrieved from http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39625809/ns/world_news-americas/ Cite in text the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year. Use double quotation marks around the title or abbreviated title.: ("All 33 Chile Miners," 2010). Note: Use the full title of the web page if it is short for the parenthetical citation. Articles found on the web, like the example above, are not italicized in the reference entry and are not italicized but enclosed in quotations in the in-text citation, just like a newspaper or magazine article. Reports found on the web would be italicized in the reference list, as in Publication Manual (6th ed.) Examples 31, 32, and 33 on pp. 205–206. They would also be italicized in the in-text citation, just like a book. These posts on the APA Style blog will also be helpful: How to Cite Something You Found on a Website in APA Style by Chelsea Lee Perhaps the most common question we get about APA Style is “How do I cite a website?” or “How do I cite something I found on a website?” First, to cite a website in general, but not a specific document on that website, see this FAQ. Once you’re at the level of citing a particular page or document, the key to writing the reference list entry...
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