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Apple vs Samsung

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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT APPLE VS SAMSUNG

Apple

Apple Inc. (sebelumnya bernama Apple Computer, Inc.) adalah sebuah perusahaan multinasional yang berpusat di Silicon Valley, Cupertino, California dan bergerak dalam bidang perancangan, pengembangan, dan penjualan barang-barang yang meliputi elektronik konsumen, perangkat lunak komputer, serta komputer pribadi. Apple Inc. didirikan pada tanggal 1 April, 1976 dan diinkonporasikan menjadi Apple Computer, Inc. pada tanggal 3 Januari, 1977. Pada 9 Januari, 2007, kata "Computer" dihapus untuk mencerminkan fokus Apple terhadap bidang elektronik konsumen pascapeluncuran iPhone.

Apple dikenal akan jajaran produk perangkat lunak diantaranya sistem operasi OS X dan iOS, pemutar musik iTunes, serta peramban web Safari, dan perangkat keras diantaranya komputer meja iMac, komputer jinjing MacBook Pro, pemutar lagu iPod, serta telepon genggam iPhone.

a. Visi Ada Apple disetiap meja
b. Misi Apel memicu revolusi komputer pribadi pada tahun 1970-an dengan Apple II dan diciptakan kembali komputer pribadi pada tahun 1980 dengan Macintosh . Apple berkomitmen untuk membawa yang terbaik pengalaman komputasi personal kepada siswa , pendidik , profesional kreatif dan konsumen di seluruh dunia melalui hardware yang inovatif , perangkat lunak dan Internet penawaran. c. Manajemen Strategis 1. Pangsa Pasar Yang Dibidik Pasar yang dibidik Apple inc antara lain kalangan pelajar, pekerja, pemerintahan, serta masyarakat internasional. 2. Strategi Pemasaran Strategi pemasaran produk Apple bermacam – macam. Ada yang secara langsung kepada konsumen ( Mac dan ipod ) dan ada pula yang memalui makelar yaitu dengan cara bundling dengan beberapa operator selular ( iphone 3G dan iphone 3GS ). Di sini saya akan menjabarkan mengapa Apple menggandeng operator selular untuk memasarkan iphone 3G dan iphone 3GS. Berikut ini adalah 4 alasan mengapa Apple menggandeng operator selular untuk memasarkan iphone : • Strategi Aras Korporasi Menjualnya secara eceran, melalui distributor ataupun melalui kerjasama dengan operator selular adalah sebuah pilihan. Sebuah cara dalam berdagang dan ini tidak melanggar etika bisnis. Cara ini dipilih sebagai strategi perusahaan dalam berbisnis. Hal utama adalah bisa mendatangkan margin. • Berkelas dan Ekskusif Dengan memilih tidak melayani pelanggan secara langsung, RIM dan Apple Inc ingin menonjolkan kesan mewah dan hanya untuk kalangan tertentu. Dengan harga yang cukup tiggi dan dipaket bersama jasa operator selular artinya hanya orang-orang yang berduit saja yang mau secara rutin mengeluarkan biaya bulanan. IPhone dan Blackberry yang dibeli selain dari operator selular adalah produk “Haram”. • Membangun Loyalitas Salah satu sifat mendasar manusia adalah ingin dihargai dan diakui. Dengan menggunakan produk yang bukan sejuta umat, secara tidak langsung penggunanya merasa bahwa mereka sebagian kecil kaum yang sukses secara materi. Loyalitas pada perangkat ini terus mereka pertahankan demi status sosial. • Mengikat Konsumen Cinta itu tumbuh karena kebiasaan, konon begitu katanya. Kewajiban berlangganan dalam waktu tertentu, minimal 2 tahun untuk bisa menggunakan IPhone akan membuat orang cinta mati. Seperti nikotin atau zat adiktif, ada yang hilang jika berhenti memakainya. Apalagi ditambah dengan berbagai service yang menarik dari operator. Bahkan Barrack Obama ngotot untuk bisa tetap bermain dengan BlackBerrynya walaupun sebagai presiden tidak dibenarkan oleh protokoler kepresidenan US, akhirnya ia diizinkan.

d. Analisa SWOT 1. Kekuatan. • Apple adalah perusahaan yang sangat sukses. Penjualan dari pemutar musik iPod telah meningkatkan laba kuartal kedua hingga $ 320 (Juni 2005). Persepsi merek yang menguntungkan juga meningkat penjualan komputer Macintosh. Jadi iPod perusahaan memberikan akses ke seluruh seri baru segmen yang membeli ke bagian lain dari merek Apple. Penjualan dari produk-produk notebook juga sangat kuat, dan merupakan kontribusi besar untuk pendapatan untuk Apple. • Merek adalah yang paling penting. Apple adalah salah satu yang paling mapan dan sehat merek IT di Dunia, dan memiliki seperangkat sangat setia antusias pelanggan yang mendukung merek. Kesetiaan yang begitu kuat berarti bahwa tidak cukup hanya merekrut pelanggan baru, hal itu tetap mereka yaitu mereka datang kembali untuk lebih banyak produk dan jasa dari Apple, dan perusahaan ini juga memiliki kesempatan untuk memperluas produk-produk baru kepada mereka, misalnya iPod. 2. Kelemahan. • Hal ini melaporkan bahwa iPod Nano Apple mungkin memiliki layar rusak. Perusahaan telah berkomentar bahwa batch dari produk layar yang patah di bawah pengaruh, dan perusahaan menggantikan semua item rusak. Hal ini merupakan tambahan masalah dengan iPod awal baterai yang rusak, di mana perusahaan menawarkan pelanggan bebas kasus baterai. • Ada tekanan pada Apple untuk meningkatkan harga dari musik download file, dari industri musik itu sendiri. Banyak dari perusahaan-perusahaan ini membuat lebih banyak uang dari iTunes (yaitu musik download file) dari dari penjualan CD asli mereka. Apple telah menjual sekitar 22 juta iPod pemutar musik digital dan lebih dari 500 juta lagu meskipun toko musik iTunes. Bertanggung jawab atas 82% dari semua musik download secara legal di AS. Perusahaan ini tegas, tetapi jika menyerah pada produser musik, hal itu dapat dianggap sebagai kelemahan komersial. • Awal tahun 2005 Apple mengumumkan bahwa itu adalah untuk mengakhiri hubungan lama dengan IBM sebagai pemasok chip, dan bahwa itu akan beralih ke Intel.Beberapa ahli industri berkomentar bahwa swap bisa membingungkan konsumen Apple. 3. Kesempatan. • Apel memiliki kesempatan untuk mengembangkan pemutar musik iTunes dan teknologi ke dalam ponsel format. Para perangkat ponsel Rokr dikembangkan oleh Motorola. Ini memiliki layar warna, speaker stereo dan sebuah sistem kamera muka. Sebuah versi dari Apple toko musik iTunes telah dikembangkan untuk telepon sehingga pengguna dapat mengelola trek toko mereka di atasnya. Download yang tersedia melalui kabel USB, ands perangkat lunak pada handset musik jeda jika telepon panggilan masuk baru aliansi strategis teknologi dan menawarkan kesempatan untuk Apple. • Podcast di-download acara radio yang dapat di-download dari Internet, dan kemudian diputar ulang pada iPod dan perangkat MP3 lainnya pada kenyamanan pendengar.Para pendengar dapat berlangganan Podcast gratis, dan pada akhirnya pendapatan dapat dihasilkan dari dibayar untuk berlangganan atau melalui pendapatan yang dihasilkan dari penjualan download lainnya. 4. Ancaman. • Ancaman terbesar bagi perusahaan-perusahaan IT seperti Apple adalah sangat tinggi tingkat kompetisi di pasar teknologi. Sukses kompetisi menarik, dan Apple bekerja sangat keras untuk penelitian dan pengembangan dan pemasaran dalam rangka untuk mempertahankan posisi kompetitif. Popularitas iPod dan Apple Mac tunduk pada permintaan, dan akan terpengaruh jika ekonomi mulai goyah dan permintaan jatuh untuk produk mereka. • Ada juga produk tinggi efek substitusi dalam inovatif dan bergerak cepat habis pakai TI pasar. Jadi iPod dan MP3 aturan hari ini, tapi baru kemarin itu CD, DAT, dan Vinyl.Teknologi Besok mungkin akan sama sekali berbeda. Teknologi nirkabel dapat menggantikan kebutuhan fisik pemutar musik. • Pada tahun 2005 Apple memenangkan kasus hukum yang memaksa nama Blogger untuk sumber-sumber informasi yang empted pra-peluncuran produk Apple baru. Itu menduga bahwa karyawan Apple sendiri telah membocorkan informasi rahasia tentang produk asteroid baru mereka. Tiga orang dituntut, semua milik Apple upeti situs, dan penggemar berat produk perusahaan. The blog telah muncul di situs mereka, dan mereka dipaksa untuk mengungkapkan sumber mereka. Yang berkuasa melihat kerahasiaan komersial lebih penting sebagai hak untuk pidato individu. Apple rentan terhadap kebocoran yang dapat merugikan mereka keuntungan.

SAMSUNG

Samsung Group dibentuk pada 1938 oleh Lee Byung-chul (1910-1987). Pada 1951, perusahaan ini berubah menjadi Samsung Corporation.

Samsung Electronics dibentuk pada 1969 di Daegu, Korea Selatan dengan nama Samsung Electric Industries yang pada mulanya memproduksi perangkat elektronik seperti TV, kalkulator, kulkas, pendingin ruangan dan mesin cuci. Pada 1981, perusahaan ini telah memproduksi lebih dari 10 juta TV hitam-putih. Pada 1988, perusahaan ini bergabung dengan Samsung Semiconductor & Communications.

Visi : Samsung dipandu oleh satu visi: memimpin pergerakan konvergensi digital. Kami meyakini bahwa melalui inovasi teknologi saat ini, kami akan menemukan solusi yang kami perlukan untuk menghadapi tantangan hari esok. Teknologi membuka kesempatan—bagi bisnis untuk tumbuh, bagi warga negara di pasar yang sedang berkembang untuk hidup sejahtera dengan memasuki tahap ekonomi digital, dan agar masyarakat dapat menemukan peluang baru.

Misi : Semua yang kami lakukan di Samsung dipandu oleh misi kami: menjadi “digital-εCompany” yang terbaik. Samsung tumbuh menjadi perusahaan global dengan menghadapi tantangan secara langsung. Dalam tahun-tahun kedepan, orang-orang kami yang berdedikasi akan terus menghadapi banyak tantangan dan memberikan ide-ide kreatif untuk mengembangkan produk dan layanan yang memimpin pasar. Kecerdasan mereka akan terus menjadikan Samsung sebagai perusahaan global yang menguntungkan dan bertanggung jawab.

Tujuan : Mengembangkan teknologi yang inovatif dan proses efisien yang menciptakan pasar baru,memperkaya hidup semua orang,dan terus menjadikan samsung sebagai pemimpin digital yang terpercaya.

2. Dalam perusahaan Samsung ,Visi yang terdapat diperusahaan ini termasuk visi strategik karna perencanaan visi strategik di perusahaan SAMSUNG ini mencakup kinerja perusahaan dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang,juga mengenai menemukan solusi untuk menghadapi tantangan hari esok. 3. ya , pertanyaan misi dapat menjawab pertanyaan "bagaimana mencapai visi"

Visi : Inovasi Teknologi saat ini akan menemukan solusi yang diperlukan untuk menghadapi tantangan hari esok.

Misi : Samsung akan tumbuh menjadi perusahaan global dengan menghadapi tantangan secara langsung.perusahaan samsung akan terus berdedikasi dalam menghadapi banyak tantangan dan memberikan ide-ide kreatif untuk mengembangkan produk dan layanan yang memimpin pasar.

a. Manajemen Strategis Marketing Samsung lebih memilih untuk memciptakan produk-produk high-end yang tentu saja menawarkan stylish best-practice products. Produk-produk tersebut antara lain DRAM, SRAM, Flash memory, CDMA mobile phones, TFT-LCDs, Computer monitors, Big-screen TVs, VCRs, DVD players, MP3 players, Microwave ovens, dan lain-lain. Samsung lebih menekankan pada kualitas produk, sehingga penentuan harga ditetapkan berdasarkan pada tingkat kualitas masing-masing produk tersebut. Berhubungan dengan pendistribusian produk kepada konsumen, Samsung tidak lagi menggunakan outlet-outlet distribusi yang murah seperti Wal-Mart dan Target, melainkan mempercayakannya pada level yang lebih tinggi Samsung upmarket seperti Best Buy dan Circuit City. Dalam rangka rebranding, Samsung telah mengurangi 55 agency periklanan dan hanya memusatkannya pada satu perusahaan. Samsung menandatangani kontrak $ 400 juta dengan Madison Avenue firm, Foote, Cone & Belding Worldwide. Perusahaan tersebut bertugas untuk menciptakan sebuah global brand image untuk Samsung yaitu sebagai pembuat stylish best-practice products.

b. Analisa SWOT 1. Strength • Samsung memiliki brand-image yang melekat di masyarakat. • Samsung telah memprakarsai Era Digital. • Samsung menawarkan produk-produk yang berkualitas. • Samsung senantiasa melakukan inovasi-inovasi pada perkembangan produknya.Teknologi yang diciptakannya mengikuti perkembangan jaman.Desain produk-produk. • Samsung sangat baik dan diunggulkan.Harga produk-produk Samsung bervariasi dan rata-rata terjangkau.Adanya diversifikasi produk. • Samsung merupakan supplier high-end mobile handsets. • Samsung merupakan pemegang pangsa pasar global terbesar untuk tiga belas item di antara produk Samsung, termasuk semikonduktor, TFT-LCD, monitor dan ponsel CDMA. • Pada tahun 2008 Samsung menduduki posisi pertama dalam pasar ponsel AS, Menduduki posisi No.1 pangsa pasar TV dunia selama sembilan kali secara berturut-turut. • Dengan pandangan ke depan, Samsung telah membuat kemajuan bersejarah di bidang RnD lini semikonduktor, termasuk flash memori dan non-memori, semikonduktor khusus pesanan, DRAM dan SRAM, dan juga memproduksi LCD yang terbaik di kelasnya, telepon seluler, peralatan digital, dan lebih banyak lagi. • Samsung mengadakan partnership dengan Amerika dan perusahaan-perusahaan ternama.

2. Weakness (Kelemahan) • Budaya Korea yang lebih menekankan hirerki yang dapat menghambat ide-ide kreatif atau pendapat yang berbeda. • Budaya korporasi Korea yang tidak fleksibel. • Pengalaman dalam mengelola perusahaan global masih terbatas. • Adanya tekanan yang ketat pada karyawan untuk mencapai sasaran-sasaran yang membuat karyawan berusaha menjual teknologi rahasia Samsung kepada para pesaingnya.

3. Opportunity (Kesempatan) • Produk-produk yang ditawarkan Samsung merupakan produk keperluan rumah tangga yang selalu dicari. • Adanya peningkatan permintaan masyarakat akan barang-barang elektronik yang sudah merupakan suatu kebutuhan. • Tingkat gengsi pada masyarakat yang selalu ingin memiliki produk elektronik terbaru dan tercanggih. • Pengaruh globalisasi yang mendorong pemasaran barang elektronik yang tiada batas. • Permintaan masyarakat pada produk-produk yang gaya, best practice, simple, dan respon yang cepat pada perubahan-perubahan pasar.

4. Threat (Ancaman) • Adanya ketergantungan produk-produk lokal pada negara tertentu sehingga pasar sulit ditembus. • Kekuatan merek lain yang lebih dahulu mengusai pasar. • Munculnya produk-produk baru yang lebih inovatif dari perusahaan lain. • Adanya produk-produk dari perusahaan lain yang menawarkan harga yang lebih murah dengan kualitas yang tidak kalah bagus. • Ketidakstabilan perekonomian tiap-tiap negara . • Terjadinya krisis financial menyebabkan turunnya daya beli masyarakat. • Era globalisasi yang dapat mendorong perusahaan Eropa masuk dan melakukan penetrasi pasar Asia.

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