...What is Organizational Psychology? Beyounka Bonner PSYCH 570 March 2, 2014 Dr. Vicki Koenig What is Organizational Psychology? According to Britt and Jex (2008), organizational psychology is grounded in scientifically studying one’s behavior and interactions that one has within the workplace, as well as other organizations. Organizational psychology has an extreme effect on a company’s success rate; it has an impact on a company’s work performance, gratification, security, healthiness, and overall well-being of a company’s employees. Research on employee’s behaviors and assertiveness, methods on how improvements can be made to the company’s hiring process, training programs, and managerial coordination are all conducted by organizational psychologists. Organizational psychologists assist organizations in transitioning through different times of adjustments, growth, and developments. There are many factors that may influence the way in which one behaves in an organization, such as, the structure of an organization, societal norms, managing styles, and the expectation of different roles. Although the field of organizational psychology is indebted to the study of organizations that are formal, it is not to say that the organization will always be one that is a business or that is one for profit; which is a common misconception about this field (Britt & Jex, 2008). This essay will explore the field of organizational psychology. Evolution of Organizational Psychology ...
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...Address: 660 Chlorite Street, Elardus Park, 0181, Pretoria Student number: 55128920 Paper code: PYC4811 Unique Assignment no: 536709 Assignment: 01 Contents Page * Introduction pg.3 * Historical Background & Development pg.3 * Similarities between Community Psychology and Public Health pg.4 * Limitations and Differences between Community Psychology and Public Health pg.6 * Conclusion pg.7 * Reference List pg.8 Introduction According to Perkins (https://my.vanderbilt.edu/perkins/2011/09/intro-to-community-psychology/) community psychology (CP) can be defined as the relationship between social systems and individual well-being in the community context. Thus, community psychologists grapple with an array of social and mental health problems and they do so through research and interventions in both public and private community settings. PH on the other hand according to Last (cited in Gilbert, 1995) can be defined as one of the efforts organised by society to protect...
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...Code of Ethics Bus/210 Friday December 12, 2013 Jeannette Lipford This code of conduct will help guide the ethical business practices of all persons and employees of Angie’s Computer Repair Service. These codes will define the responsibilities for each and every employee of Angie’s Computer Repair Service. by protecting our business reputation as ethical and a reliable Computer Repair Service. As a company we will comply with all the state and local laws, Employees will conduct themselves in a professional manner when dealing with company business. Employees will not discriminate against one another do their gender, race, religion, or beliefs we will be treated fairly and equally. There will be a zero tolerance for harassment of any sort whether it is intentional or unintentional. All employees including myself must be able to depend on each other’s truthfulness as well has have the ability to be able to step up and bring issues and concerns to the proper people. We will strive to provide excellent customer service to our clients. Employees will do what is in the best interest of the company to help the company to continue to grow and gain new business. Failing to protect the company’s interest along with our affiliates may result in suspension and or termination. We here at Angie’s Computer Repair Service pride ourselves on maintaining our good reputation within the community. Therefore these rules will be the standard functions of our good business practices;...
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...Ethics and Social Responsibility in Strategic Planning Corporations when faced with difficult decisions have to keep in mind that the decisions that need making not only affect the corporation and the employees that work for the corporation, but it affects the corporations' stakeholders, and the public communities. The decisions made still need to keep the best interest of everyone involved without losing more of the corporation than what needs to be lost. The role of ethics and social responsibility Corporations have a great deal of responsibility to their stakeholders to make the best decisions for them as possible. However, the decisions should not be unethical that the reputation of the corporation is jeopardized. "Ethical responsibilities of an organization's management are to follow the generally held beliefs about behavior in society (Wheelen and Hunger, p. 58)." The courtesy to the community and the stakeholders of informing those affected of layoffs, closing business, or any other act that directly affects those involved is not required but expected on a society thought basis. This act allows the people to adjust to the upcoming events gradually as oppose to suddenly and prevents anger and hostility toward the corporation. This is the portion of the social responsibility that the corporations have to the community where making a profit isn't as important as how the affects of dramatic change can take a toll on the communities that rely on the business for their needs...
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...Unethical Business Research Richard Jones RES/351 Business Research December, 10, 2012 Harold D. Van Alstyne, Ph.D. Unethical Business Research Government contracts with the Department of Defense are some of the most lucrative contracts available to private businesses. If an organization has the fortune of landing one, it can turn an average income business into a large moneymaker for years to come. In the competitive world of aviation, these contracts are even more lucrative. Competition is fierce, and any advantage that can be gained is used. Unfortunately, sometimes these advantages come with unethical consequences. In 2003, an incident took place between two of aviation’s heavyweight contractors, Boeing and Lockheed Martin. At stake was a large contract to build Launch vehicles for the Department of Defense, in this case specifically the United States Air Force. It was alleged that Boeing gained access to company records and information belonging to Lockheed Martin. The records contained cost estimates and other financial and production information pertaining to the project. Boeing purportedly used this information to adjust their own project estimates which in turn made them more competitive in the contract negotiations with the United States Air Force. Boeing was also involved in another incident during 2003 in which Boeing was involved in leasing aircraft...
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...Abstract The purpose of this week’s assignment was to read three peer reviewed/scholarly journals and compare and contrast each author’s ethical perspective. The articles were: What is Business Ethics by Peter F. Drucker, 1981, The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits by Milton Friedman, 1970 and The Relevance of Responsibility to Ethical Business Decisions by Patrick E. Murphy, 2010. Ethical Perspectives of Friedman, Drucker and Murphy Peter F. Drucker is known as the man who invented management. Drucker wrote many books on management and influenced the way business and industry thinks about management. “Peter F. Drucker was a writer, professor, management consultant and self-described ‘social ecologist,’ who explored the way human beings organize themselves and interact much the way an ecologist would observe and analyze the biological world (Drucker Institute, 2013).” Drucker’s paper from 1981, or 32 years ago, was trying to answer the same questions which today’s business society and government are trying to answer: What is business ethics/social responsibility and who is responsible for both? These are difficult questions to answer and questions which Drucker sets out to answer in Casuist, Ethics of Prudence and Confucianism. “Business ethics undoubtedly is a close parallel to casuistry. Its origin is political, as was that of casuistry. Its basic thesis, that ethics for the ruler, and especially...
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...Business Ethics across Cultures Article Review XMGT/216 3/24/13 Jennifer Moore Globalization is a process which has taken place since the first traders and merchants began visiting other countries to bring food and goods back for sharing with their country. Countries take pride in sharing their culture and perspectives with any person whom enters their country. In today's economy we have the Internet, and the use of digital information to help focus on globalization. The updated technology helps create a well-planned business strategy for merging with organizations in different organizations. Creating a business transaction with organizations is difficult because most countries have different religious beliefs, they eat different foods, and speak a different language, and this becomes a difficult task to accommodate to what people of other countries are wanting from the business transaction. Organizations that choose to work with companies in other countries make take caution in how they communicate with one another. Through time organizations doing business with other countries have begun taking all steps necessary to make business transactions with international businesses. Many large corporations have begun doing successful transactions with other large corporations, and governments of various countries have begun working together to help better businesses throughout the world. If two international businesses choose to combine practices to better both parties involved...
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...Discussion Board Forum 1 Adrian R. Castaneda Liberty University BUSI 620 Global Economic Environment Dr. Virgil Mensah-Dartey October 24, 2013 DB FORUM 1 Question 3 Unethical behavior and unlawful behavior are different in a sense that unethical behavior violates integrity, while unlawful behavior violates established laws. When discussing unethical behavior in the business context, one should consider the overall focus of a business; maximize profits for shareholders and owners. The way a business operates to make money can be treated as ethical or unethical. An unethical type of practice in the business world can consist of a business that is determined to make a profit without considering the morale and comfort of their employees (Svensson & Wood, 2008). By failing to have happy employees in your business and over working them to make a profit can cause an ethical dilemma as the employee can see this type of business operation as a way of prioritizing profit over the employee morale. According to Thomas, Schermerhorn & Dienhart (2004) unlawful behavior is actions that breaks established laws or rules that control business practices. This type of behavior can be easier detected over unethical behavior because by violating unlawful behavior, the individual or individuals are violating written laws. For example, giving away insider trading information on a new medicine is a type of unlawful behavior in the business context. Businesses have written guidelines...
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...Objective 310.2.3-08 I and two other individuals have decided to start a company that will provide management consulting services to nonprofit organizations. The company will have 15 to 20 employees. Since many of our clients will be paying with funds provided by government sources, we have decided it would be appropriate to have an ethics program in place before we start offering services. A company must have an effective ethics program to ensure that all employees understand its values and comply with the policies and codes of conduct that create its ethical culture (Ferrell, Ferrell & Fraedrich, 2008, p. 211). In order to develop an effective ethics program, it must contain certain items. It must first have a code of conduct to establish what is and is not acceptable behavior and to set a general corporate tone as to how employees are expected to conduct themselves. Second, it should have a high level corporate officer in charge of the program. This will also help demonstrate the importance of ethics to the corporation. Third, an effective and ongoing ethics training program is necessary to ensure all employees are aware of what is expected of them. Fourth, a system to monitor and enforce ethical standards must be in place in order to hold employees accountable for their actions and lastly, it must have a mechanism to modify and improve the program when deficiencies appear. When developing our code of conduct, we will use a values orientation instead of a compliance...
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...Ethics in Business BUSN310 1302A 03 International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business Eric Baime May 5, 2013 How would you effectively present the issue of potentially defective products to the CEO, other directors, and managers? In effectively presenting issues of potentially defective products to the CEO, directors, and manager, it would be necessary to have data supporting the negative pattern of growth for each product. Further, showing evidence to support the hazards to the consumer and how the product may respond if it was on the market. A true manager will want proof, and by presenting factually sound evidence will open their ears to listen and believe you, which in turn will assist them in making the necessary decisions. Furthermore, putting together a power point presentation to show the ineptitude of the present product(s) and perhaps allow the consumer to voice their concerns before the management team. By taking the extra step will demonstrate to the management team that you support them and desire to see success, which in return will prevent them from terminating you for speaking out and voicing your opinion. How would you specifically notify customers of such an occurrence? To effectively notify the customers of such an occurrence, it would be necessary for the CEO to put together a letter of explanation. Each consumer would find out by either email, regular mail, or the media. Further, the company can post all the necessary details on their website...
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...Organizational psychology is just one of the many practice areas of the much larger domain, psychology. Both organizational psychology and its overarching study, psychology are rooted in science and use scientific data to help them find, diagnose and fix problems. Although both organizational psychology and general psychology diagnose and solve problems, their practice areas and methodologies are very different. General psychology focuses on psychological disorders and helping individuals in their personal lives. Organizational psychologists are not trained to diagnose psychological disorders. Organizational psychologists focus their attention on individuals as a larger group, generally found in the workplace. The objective of an organizational psychologist’s work is usually to help an organization become more effective. Just as organizational psychology is a subfield of psychology, it is also a subfield of the broader field of industrial-organizational psychology, or I/O psychology. According to “Industrial and Organizational Psychology” (2014), “Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology is both the study of behavior in organizational work settings and the application of the methods, facts, and principles of psychology to individuals and groups in organizational and work settings” (para. 1). I/O psychology combines two major divisions: industrial psychology and organizational psychology (Huelsman, 2008). Industrial psychology could be considered psychology for human...
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...------------------------------------------------- AN EXPLANATION TO HOW THE COURTS HAVE APPLIED THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENT OF NEW/ORIGINAL AS CAPTURED UNDER THE INDUSTRIAL DESIGN RIGHT, ACT 660 IN PROTECTING INDUSTRIAL DESIGN RIGHT. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Intellectual Property Law - 3 MIKE ANIN-YEBOAH Year: L.L.B (III) ------------------------------------------------- KWAME NKRUMAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF LAW, KUMASI METHOD OF PRESENTATION * Brief introduction to Industrial Design Law in Ghana * Definition of new/original in relation to Industrial Design Law * Application of new/original by the Courts in protecting Industrial design right * Conclusion * References CASES CITED Farmers Build Ltd v Carrier Bulk Materials Handling Ltd [2000] ECDR42; [1999] ITCLR 297, CA Fulton Co Ltd v Grant Barnett & Co (2000) Ocular Sciences v Aspect vision care (No.2) [1997] R.P.C.289; I P D 20022, Ch. D Dyson Limited v VaxLimited [2011] EWCA Civ 1206 Brief Introduction to Industrial Design in Ghana Per section 1 (a) and (b) of Industrial Design Act , industrial design is defined as A composition of lines or colours, a three-dimensional form or a material, whether or not associated with lines or colours, or a textile design,...
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...Memo I am bringing to your attention a problem we have encountered with one of the elementary toy collection products. A metal whistle that’s in the collection did not pass testing due to small traces of lead. We can handle this problem in one of three ways. One of the options is to remake the product and repackage it taking the $100k loss it will take to reproduce and repackage it. Another is to remake and repackage the whistle and give it to the customer at a reduced cost than originally agreed upon. Lastly, to reproduce and package the product, then raise the price to cover at least half of the added cost. I came upon the three possible solutions by using the model 3 theories in the course of study. First question I asked myself when deciding each alternative was what goals or other results do I want for all three decisions? The answer was to make a responsible and ethical decision, reduce cost and make the customer happy. I then gave thought to my options, which are: 1) Remake the product and repackage it taking the 100k loss 2) Remake the product and repackage it and give it to the customer at a reduced price 3) Remake the product and repackage it and give it to the customer at a higher price For each decision I thought about the advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of the first decision to remake and repackage the product and taking a $100l loss, demonstrate that we are a company with good business ethics. Regardless of weather the product may have...
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...Unit 2 – Probability and Distributions Iesha Babers American InterContinental University Abstract Many occasions can’t be predicted with absolute certainty and the best way to say how likely something will happen is to use probability. When you have a set of data that is well defined and random probabilities can be used to describe statistical numbers of outcomes divided by the number of all the outcomes. Memo To: Head of American Intellectual Union From: Iesha Babers Date: 04-06-14 Subject: AIU Percentages Dear: Head of American Intellectual Union: It has been a joy to do some research on AIU below you see the percentage of male and females that are with in AIU, the tenure these employees have been with the company, the percentage of three departments, and the mean for extrinsic by gender. Overview of the Data Set Using probability within an organization can be beneficial because it let the organization know if there are room for improvements (Stephanie, 2010). The data that was used for this current probability report were the qualitative variables gender and quantitative variable extrinsic. The probabilities below show the probability for gender, employee’s tenure with the company, and the percentage of employees that are in different departments. Use of Statistics and Probability in the Real World We us probability in our everyday lives we are just un-ware of when it’s being used such as when watching the new and the weather man says there...
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...Discussion Board 1/Week 1 Business Ethics To imply the ethical and spiritual perspective and keenly advise Benji Watson on accepting or refusing the contract offered by New Gen Health Sciences, it is imperative to define the parameters of Christian spirituality and ethics. As Christian, we are guided by many Commandments and teachings and examples set by many prophets, noble men, and many parables from Jesus, where upholding higher moral and ethical standard for the good of others, not self, was dear to him. In Luke 10: 29-37, Jesus told the story of the Good Samaritan, a traveler from Jerusalem attacked and mocked by bandits. Two individuals, presented with the similar fate, were the least expected person to turn away and ignored the wounded person, by walking away and leaving the man stranded. Another important aspect to draw from the Christian spirituality mindset to advise Benji Watson, comes from Matthew 7: 12, commonly known as the Golden Rule. In this text, it is written that you do unto others as you would expect them to do unto you. Using the ethical perspective to advise Benji Watson, understanding of ethics, particularly business ethics, must be brought to bear. Ethics, in simplification is the study of good and bad behavior; whereas business ethics, a detachment of ethics, is what makes up good and bad behavior as related to business activities and values. From the definition of business ethics, we are left to decide what constitute the ambiguous terms...
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