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Applying Theory to Accounting Regulation (Summary)

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Submitted By silvianabut
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SUMMARY ACCOUNTING THEORY

APPLYING THEORY
TO ACCOUNTING
REGULATION
Chapter 3

Karunia Muliani – 1306395224
Silvia M. E. Nabut – 1306408630
Claudia Jusuf – 1306408681
Yovanka G. L. Sianipar - 1306453193

APPLYING THEORY TO ACCOUNTING REGULATION
LO 1. THE THEORIES OF REGULATION THAT ARE RELEVANT TO ACCOUNTING AND
AUDITING
Ada beberapa teori yang relevan terhadap pemahaman lapoan keuangan.
A. Teori Pasar Efisien
Dalam teori pasar efisien, penganut pasar bebas menyatakan bahwa pasar akan berfungsi paling efisien ketika pasar bergerak atas mekanisme permintaan dan penawaran tanpa campur tangan dari pemerintah. Dalam akuntansi, dapat dikatakan informasi akuntansi adalah sebuah industri memproduksi informasi. Para pendukung teori ini mengatakan bahwa seperi halnya pada pasar bebas, pasar informasi akuntansi juga memiliki permintaan dan penawaranya sehingga terbetuk harga keseimbangan pasar untuk informasi akuntansi. Misalnya, ada sebuah informasi akuntansi dengan pemintaan tertentu dari pengguna dan ada pemasok yang bersedia menyediakan informasi akuntansi tersebut. Maka, ketika pemasok mendapat keuntungan dari memberikan informasi akuntansi tersebut dan pembeli merasa biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk mendapat informasi itu setimpal atau lebih murah, maka dapat terbentuk sebuah keseimbangan pasar. Jika hal tersebut tidak terpenuhi maka informasi akuntansi tidak disediakan. Namun, ada pula kelompok yang tidak mendukung teori ini karena dianggap tidak realistis. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemegang otoritas tidak mungki melepaskan kekuasaannya begitu saja kepada pasar, karena informasi akuntansi merupakan barang publik. Ketika informasi akuntansi sebuah perusahaan di umumkan, informasi inin tersedia bagi semua orang. Walaupun terkadang informasi ini hanya dijual ke orang-orang tertentu, orang lain yang tidak membeli informasi ini tidak bisa secara langsung dilarang untuk

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