...Stem Cells as a Treatment Overview: Stem cell research is a highly promising field of study. Its most important applications include medicine and therapy. These will be the focus of this paper. To begin: an overview of stem cells, alternatives to embryonic stem cells, and recent advances. Stem cells are amazing for their capacity for self-renewal and, most of all, the ability to become any of millions of cell types in the human body. There are various types of stem cells, each with different potential. This includes embryonic stem cells. These totipotent cell lines come from the inside of the cell mass of a human embryo. These embryos are taken specifically from fertilized eggs not used by in-vitro fertilization (1). At this point, they are just a blastocyst, meaning an embryo composed of approximately one hundred cells. The cells on the inside of the blastocyst are undifferentiated but eventually will multiply and differentiate extensively to make all of the different required cells. Adult stem cells cells also have this same ability. They are found throughout the body and are able to dived to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues (1). Adult stem cells are able to renew themselves and create a variety of cells, but are usually multipotent, meaning that they only are able to specialize into a small selection of cells. ‘Totipotent’ stem cells can be transformed into any type of cell in the human body, however, there is a great amount of controversy...
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...CBT to Treat Generalized Anxiety Cognitive Therapy (CT) or Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) was pioneered by Dr. Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, while he was a psychiatrist and professor at the University of Pennsylvania. Before being hired for this job he had practiced psychoanalysis elsewhere and became interested in advancing the field. While at the University of Pennsylvania Dr. Beck designed and carried out several experiments to test psychoanalytic concepts that delta with depression. Through this research Dr. Beck was hoping to validate the fundamental concepts associated with psychoanalytic therapy, during his studies he was surprised to find the opposite. Instead of validating his previous studies he founded the concept of cognitive behavior therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a term that has a lot of different treatment umbrella under it. It’s a cross between behavior therapy and dynamic psychotherapy. It is centered on the idea that thought or cognitions have a big role in mood and behavior mostly due to false or morphed cognitions. Though cognitive therapy can be used to treat a variety of issues that are in the DSM people can also use cognitive therapy to treat personal issues that aren’t outlined in the DSM. The Farlex dictionary defines cognitive behavioral therapy as “an action-oriented form of psychosocial therapy that assumes that maladaptive, or faulty, thinking patterns cause maladaptive behavior and "negative" emotions. The treatment focuses...
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...Abstract In Becoming a helper, Marianne Schneider Corey and Gerald Corey challenge individuals going into a career as a helper to delve into their own value system and explore how our personal morals may affect the way we approach therapy. In chapter two Corey and Corey discuss various subjects that could incite strong moral attitudes and they encourage self-exploration when different case studies are presented. Family structures are varied and come in a variety of shapes and forms. In this paper I will examine my own views of the family value system and in what ways the different case studies challenge my life view and how I would proceed counseling these patients. Family Values The family system is diverse and comes in different shapes and forms. Family can be defined as the people with whom we surround ourselves. They are the people who love and support us while we navigate the world. Families are living organisms that change and they require nurturing to keep from dying. Although I do believe that keeping the family unit together is important, I understand that it is not always the best choice for the individuals involved. Traditional families and non-traditional families can equally be as nurturing and loving. The traditional family is no longer the norm. Every circumstance, every family and each individual in that family is going to have a different view and expectation. As a woman and a mother, I approach family issues from that point of view. This view...
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...What is Lung Cancer? Lung cancer is cancer that usually starts in the lining of the bronchi (the main airways of the lungs), but can also begin in other areas of the respiratory system, including the trachea, bronchioles, or alveoli. It is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. Lung cancers are believed to develop over a period of many years. Nearly all lung cancers are carcinomas, a cancer that begins in the lining or covering tissues of an organ. The tumor cells of each type of lung cancer grow and spread differently, and each type requires different treatment. “About 85 percent to 90 percent of lung cancers belong to the group called non-small cell lung cancer” (University Hospitals, 2011). Lung cancers are generally divided into two types: Non-small cell lung cancer is much more common than small cell lung cancer; Small cell lung cancer, sometimes called oat cell cancer because the cancer cells may look like oats when viewed under a microscope, grows rapidly and quickly spreads to other organs. It is important to find out what kind of lung cancer a person has. The different types of carcinomas, involving different regions of the lung, may cause different symptoms and are treated differently. Lung cancer usually does not cause symptoms when it first develops, but they often become present after the tumor begins growing .Each individual may experience symptoms differently .A cough is the most common symptom of lung cancer. Other symptoms include: constant...
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...Examining Physical Therapy in Detail Physical therapy became an existing treatment as early as the 5th century. The earliest documented history of when physical therapy began as both a treatment method but also a career was in the late 1800s, which was when the nurses from England established the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (Eugene Physical Therapy, 2011). For over more than a century and since its development, physical therapy has expanded with multi-faceted treatment regimens, as well as various opportunities for careers in this field. Physical therapists are responsible for a wide array of disabling conditions; some of these conditions include: arthritis, cerebral palsy, fractures, head injuries, etc. With these conditions, the physical therapist would be responsible for restoring function, improving mobility, and allowing the patients to perform daily activities of living with an optimal level of function. According to Dawn Rosenburg McKay (2010), physical therapy has been on demand, in which there were approximately 185,000 jobs taken as physical therapists in 2008. Physical therapists have an option to either work in an actual hospital setting, but they can also work in private offices. Based on the year 2009, McKay states that the median annual income of a physical therapist was at about $75,000 dollars. The physical therapist that was interviewed is Suanna Wong. She has been working as a physical therapist for 10 years. The questions used in the interview...
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...Major Depressive Disorder Ethan Scott Oral Roberts University Major Depressive Disorder Overview and Symptoms “Depression is related to the normal emotions of sadness and bereavement, but it does not remit when the external cause of these emotions dissipates, and it is disproportionate to their causes” (Belmaker, 2008, p. 55). Severe states of depression often have no external precipitating cause, but it is hard to truly know if there was an external cause or not when dealing with severe depression (Belmaker, 2008). It is also known to occur with other mental health conditions such as anxiety, eating disorders, substance abuse, etc. Major depressive disorder affects approximately 14.8 million American adults, which equals about 6.7 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year. It is also the leading cause of disability in the U.S. for ages 15-44. While major depressive disorder can develop at any age, the median age at onset is 32 and is more prevalent in women than in men (Numbers Count, 2014). Diagnosis of Major Depression “The diagnosis of major depression requires a distinct change of mood, characterized by sadness or irritability and is accompanied by some psychophysiological changes” (Belmaker, 2008, p. 56). Major depression can be easy to diagnose from anyone with experience dealing with depression, but understanding the cause of the depression, internally or externally, can be a tough challenge (Carey, 2013). Symptoms of major depression...
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...Cognitive Psychology as a Discipline Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that studies mental process including how people think, perceive, remember and learn. Cognitive psychology with respect to cognitive science is related to other disciplines such as neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics. The core focus of cognitive psychology is on how people acquire, process and store information. There are four key milestones in the development of psychology as a discipline such as the Sigmund Freud’s, theory of personality, Carl Jung’s theory of the Collective Unconscious, Alfred Adler’s and Humanistic Psychology and Albert Ellis’ Rational Emotive Theory (RET). Sigmund Freud’s, personality theory encourage scientist to look into the unseen, unconscious and underlying factors that influence a person’s thinking pattern and behavior. Freud’s personality was centered on the unconscious. Freud’s key concepts on defense mechanism, today are helpful in properly assessing and working together with patients and developing individualized treatment plans based on the needs of the individual (IEP 2005) Carl Jung’s theory which derived from Freud’s with some significant differences. Jung divided the components of personality into the conscious and unconscious mind. Jung’s theory was different from Freud’s whereby it was made up of the Personal Unconscious and the Collective Unconscious which contained emotions that are blocked from consciousness but that can resurface with...
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...Dissociative Identity Disorder Porsha Castillo Belhaven University ABSTRACT This paper will focus on the mental disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder. It will follow the case study of JANE. The paper will include the hisroty of the disorder as well as treatment, and current research of the disorder. Dissociative Identity Disorder Rebecca, a 14 year old girl, presented to a hospital by her mother with a complaint of ‘behaving like a male’ for past 2 weeks. She was identifying herself as Mr. S. and dressed herself like a male. She was not recognizing her neighbors, relatives, or teachers anymore and her belongings as well. She was not able to recount her personal information either. Her mother also reported a significant and contrasting change in her behavior, like she had become stubborn, confident, outgoing and demanding during this period in contrast to her normal behavior. She developed interest in drawing and painting, would demand different types of fast food items, dresses, and certain objects in the altered state. Her mother fearing worsening of her illness readily fulfilled these demands. Rebecca stopped going to school and would stay at home all day long. Upon exploration, it was found that about 2 years back, her father and older sister had left the house to live separately from Rebecca and her mother. There was a strained relationship among the parents on the issue of not having a son. Since separation, there was no communication with them. Rebecca was...
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...seen from the perspective of each one of the family members p 6 (b)The story from the vantage point of the family’s position in the family cycle p 7 4. A first- order cybernetic description of the case p 7 * Recursion p 8 * Feedback p 8 * Morphostasis/Morphogenesis p 9 * Rules and boundaries p 10 5. A second-order cybernetic description of the case p 10 * Wholeness and Self-Reference p 12 * Autopoiesis p 12 * Structural Determinism p 12 * The Epistemology of Participation p 13 * Structural Coupling p 13 Conclusion p 13 References p 14 Introduction Ecosystemic psychology emphasises as central idea that the patterns which connect, rather than the thing in itself, is important. Applied to the domain of living systems, a focus emerges which regards the process of living, or the relational system through which people live, as the subject matter of our observations, descriptions and research (TUT 101, PYC 4808: p 5). In the following discussion we are going to consider and discuss a given case study from first and second order cybernetics by applying first and second order cybernetic principles. We explore what the individual perspectives of the family members may be and the vantage point of the family’s position in the family’s life cycle. We are also going to construe a three-generational genogram of the given family system as well as an ecological map of the family in context. 1. A Three- Generational Genogram of the Bird family 2. An Ecological...
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...PYC4808/101/0/2014 Tutorial letter 101/0/2014 Ecosystemic Psychology PYC4808 or PSY474V Year module Department of Psychology IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This tutorial letter contains important information about your module. 2 CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 Tutorial matter ................................................................................................................................. 5 2 PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE ............................................................... 5 2.1 Purpose .......................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Outcomes ....................................................................................................................................... 6 3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS .................................................................................... 7 3.1 Lecturer(s) ...................................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Department ..................................................................................................................................... 7 3.3 University .......................................................................................................
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...The Challenges of an Engineer April 15, 2010 Name Department of Electrical Engineering University of South Carolina Columbia, SC 29208 Name April 14, 2010 ELCT 361 ABET Paper The Challenges of an Engineer As technology gets more advanced, there is a higher need for power. Even though we are in a recession, the demand for power has not decreased as much as most areas. Of course there are power plants present and specifically placed in certain locations, but there are other factors that needed to be taken into account. One of these factors is how the power is going to be delivered to the upcoming businesses. The answer to this question is power lines. Power lines are one of the cheapest was to deliver power across a distance. They are connected to tall posts which are convenient for the business and the power company. The heights at which they are located are far enough above ground that there is less noise and interference. Things such as builds or walls interfere with the electric and magnetic field that is being given off by the power lines. The problem really affects cities the most. In most major cities such as New York, there is no land to really build on so much business and homes build up. This is quite apparent because New York houses some of the world’s tallest buildings. One of which is the Empire State Building. Aside from this, the power companies still have to run and deliver power to the homes and businesses. The problem is the health problems...
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...In her words: “I feel like a girl trapped in a boy’s body”. When Leelah discovered that she was transgender she told her mom. Her Christian mom reacted negatively and told her she was wrong. This made Leelah hate herself and she started to get depressed. Her mom started taking her to conversion therapy trying to convince Leelah that she was just like any other boy. Therapists are there to help you, but this therapist did the opposite. Leelah wrote “I only got more Christians telling me that I was selfish and wrong and that I should look to God for...
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...Presented in partial fulfilment For the requirements of the course Name of Course: Pastoral Counselling 1 Code of Course: REP 210 Lecturer: Dr. Simbrashe Student: G Cairncross Student number: 0000 Date: 28 April 2016 Declaration of Academic Integrity: I hereby declare that the composition of this assignment/report is wholly my own and where other authors have been either quoted or paraphrased, this has been precisely referenced. I understand that any person found guilty of plagiarism will not only automatically receive a failing grade for this paper—but possibly for the whole course; and may face additional academic penalties that could include dismissal from the Faculty of Arts or from Helderberg College. Sign: Table of Contents: Introduction: 3 Biblical view: 3 What PCT is all about and how its effects people in counselling: 4 My View of Effective Christian Counselling: 6 Conclusion: 7 Bibliography: 8 Pastoral Counselling 1 Term Paper – Person Centred Therapy Introduction: “Person-centred therapy (PCT) is a humanistic approach, a belief that humans can achieve happiness and can solve their own problems. The fundamental belief is that people tend to move towards growth, self actualisation and healing.” This is one of the therapies used in counselling today and it supports personal growth but does not always include Christian virtues. The approach seem very important because it claim to mould a person from the help seeking broken state they...
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...CHAPTER 1 Introduction Each year millions of people vow to finally kick the cigarette habit only to watch their optimistic expectations to give up in smoke. But if they've tried and failed with conventional smoking cessation approaches wether it’s the use of nicotine gum,counseling, or behavior modification they often look outside the mainstream motivated by the hope that alternative medicine might finally deliver them from a life cluttered with cigarette packs and tarnished by nicotine-stained teeth. Background of the Study Smoking remains a pediatric epidemic with so many adolescents stubbornly refusing to quit. This epidemic is predicted to kill 250 million children and adolescents who are alive today, a third of whom live in developing countries.Tobacco is addictive, carcinogenic and deadly. Analysis has shown that a tobacco leaf contains about 1,000 chemical substances. The smoke carries more than 4,000 chemically different compounds, mostly harmful to man. Tobacco is known or probable cause of some 25 different diseases for lung cancer, bronchitis and Emphysema it is a major cause. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that there are 1.1 billion smokers in the world at the beginning of this decade and it is one-third of world’s adult population. Four million people died yearly from tobacco related diseases throughout the world. WHO estimates that the figure will rise to 10million by the year 2030 that’s one death every...
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...Glennis Gilmore McCray ENG-105 April 14, 2016 Priscilla Bamba Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is defined as Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Merriam Webster defines medication as a substance used for medical treatment, especially a medicine or drug. Consequently psychotropic medication is defined as any medication capable of affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior. Some medications such as lithium, which may be used to treat depression, are psychotropic. Also called a psychodynamic medication. When ADHD and medication are paired together the results can be amazing. However for every action there is a reaction. This reaction can sometimes overshadow the good that has been done. The trend of hidden dangers of ADHD medication, the effects of taking ADHD medication and making the right choices for your family. The hidden dangers of taking ADHD medication are discussed very often. The Harvard Medical School has stated that “Medications — chiefly the stimulants dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate — are the only proven treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with its symptoms of distractibility, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity. But the benefits of stimulants last only as long as patients continue to take them, and worries about the risks of long-term use are again in the news...
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