...I Introduction Technology I.1 What is technology? I.2 First inventors I.3 How science affects technology I.4 How technology affects science I.5 Discussion questions 2 Chemistry connects to . . . . . . I.1 What is technology? Think for a moment what it might be like to live in the 14th century. Image that you could travel back in time and found yourself in a small European village in 1392. What do you think you would find? How would you cook your food? Would you use an oven, a fire, or a microwave? How would you eat your food? Do you think you could use a plastic cup to drink your milk? How would you go from one city to the next? Could you get on a train or would you have to walk or ride a horse? How would you send a her or call her on your cell phone? message to your mom telling her you’ll be late for dinner? Can you email How would you get your clothes? Can you shop at a 14th century mall, or on the internet? And what would your clothes be made of? Technology Level I Introduction 3 Do you think you could find pink spandex shorts or would they have to be made of brown cotton? Think for a moment how different everything would be if you were to live in the 14th century. Many of the items you use today are a result of technology. Your cell phone, microwave oven, washing machine, and plastic cup are all the result of scientific discoveries combined with engineering that have allow people to invent products that have improved the...
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... On April 1, 1776, in an era fueled with thoughts of revolution, Marie Sophie Germain was born in the beautiful city of Paris. Sophie Germain was the middle daughter of wealthy parents, Ambroise-Francois and Marie Germain. Ambroise-Francois Germain was a silk-merchant and skillful goldsmith who later became the director at the Bank of France. At the age of 13, Sophie began to demonstrate a high level of interest in mathematics. Due to the French Revolution, she spent her time confined to her home and her father’s library. It was during this time in her father’s study that Sophie came across Montluca’s “History of Mathematics”. In this text, she became fascinated with the recount of the death of Archimedes. For Archimedes had met death’s hand without any notice; Archimedes, that is, was so caught up in thought in his study of a geometric figure in the sand that he didn’t notice the Roman soldier in his presence. Sophie craved distraction from her fears of her gloomy anticipations of the world. Thus, science provided this distraction. In the beginning, her parents disapproved of Sophie’s unladylike behavior and her sudden obsession with the study of mathematics. In the end, however, her parents allowed her to learn. Sophie Germain taught herself mathematics, Latin and corresponded with scholars such as Lagrange, Gauss, Libri and Legendre. Her education was anything but normal. The Ecole Polytechnique was founded in Paris in 1794. Germain, consequently, was not permitted...
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...Creativity CREATIVE THINKING—DOWN ROADS LESS TRAVELLED Original ideas have changed the course of human history. Much of what we now take for granted in art, medicine, music, technology, and science was once regarded as radical or impossible. How do creative thinkers achieve the breakthroughs that carry us into new realms? Creativity is elusive. Nevertheless, psychologists have learned a great deal about how creativity occurs and how to promote it. We have seen that problem solving may be mechanical, insightful, or based on understanding. To this we can add that thinking may be inductive (going from specific facts or observations to general principles) or deductive (going from general principles to specific situations). Thinking may also be logical (proceeding from given information to new conclusions on the basis of explicit rules) or illogical (intuitive, associative, or personal). What distinguishes creative thinking from more routine problem solving? Creative thinking involves all of these thinking styles, plus fluency, flexibility, and originality. Let’s say that you would like to find creative uses for the millions of automobile tires discarded each year. The creativity of your suggestions could be rated in this way: Fluency is defined as the total number of suggestions you are able to make. Flexibility is the number of times you shift from one class of possible uses to another. Originality refers to how novel or unusual your ideas are. By counting the number of times you...
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...Topic: What begins people’s discovery of science? Thesis: “Hypotheses non fingo,” Newton confidently claimed. Therefore, he arbitrarily excluded the “hypothesis” from the experimental philosophy. Affected by him, more and more remarks neglected the importance of the “hypotheses” since then. As a result, it becomes a common view that discovery should proceed from analytic methods stricto sensu. Then, what is the real definition of hypothesis in Newton’s opinion ? Will he believe in intuition? Therefore, I will try to explain the definition of both “hypothesis” and “intuition”, and then attach significance to the “intuition” to show how the intuition begins a new discovery of science and struggle to prove that sometimes, the intuition can be a quite strong power to lead us to reach our confirmations. Outline: 1. The moment when I realize the importance of the intuition (Faraday) 2. The definition of hypothesis and intuition 3. The supporter- Einstein (using his examples as detailed ones) 4. The other famous successful discoveries in four different fields: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography (describing the main story of each example) 5. How should we treat the intuition? What should we do after the intuition? 6. The conclusion includes 1) The importance of the intuition, 2) The significant role it has acted in the history of science, 3) Its efficiency of finding a certain answer, 4) An interesting analogy to show the role of intuition Body: ...
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...2. DEFINE RESEARCH IN GENERAL AND ENUMERATE THE CHARACTERISTICS, TYPES, AND ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF RESEARCH AND STEPS INVOLVED IN THE RESEARCH PROCESS OF RESEARCH. YOUR ESSAY MUST NOT BE LESS THAN 2000 WORDS DEFINITION OF RESEARCH Introduction Research has been defined by different people in different ways. At any point in time, depending on what an individual is doing in relation to a particular topic or subject area of study, there is the tendency that one may deem that activity as a form of research. Research therefore cuts across all facets of human endeavor; in the sciences, humanities, electronics etc. These diversities create room for one to distinguish between what scientific research is and what a normal review of information is In simple terms, Research maybe defined as a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover (new) information or reach a (new) understanding. Cambridge Dictionaries Online, © Cambridge University Press 2003. Zora Neale Hurston described Research as a formalized curiosity. It is poking and prying with a purpose. The Concise Oxford English Describes Research as the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. A researcher on the other hand is someone who contributes to the understanding of a phenomenon and communicates that understanding to others. Research is designed to solve a particular existing problem so there is a much larger...
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...After graduation he went on to his own research before attaining a masters later in his life. Possibly the most important theory Newton ever came up with was gravity. It is commonly believed that Isaac Newton begin to think about gravity and its properties after an apple fell on his head, or simply by observing falling apples. Wether this is true or not, we may never know. The point is that Isaac Newton was a brilliant minded physicist before he even began to thing about calculus....
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... in Mathematics IV: Calculus Controversy: Leibniz vs. Newton by Noronsalih Ali, Jra Submitted to Ms. Moneerah A. Bint- Usman Dedication I would like to dedicate this research to my adviser, teacher Monie. And to all of the people who inspired me, especially my parents for their support and to God for giving me enough knowledge to make this study successful. Acknowledgement Abstract This research explores more about the history of the two Mathematicians and how did they invent calculus with the same idea. This is a study about a controversy in Mathematics where Sir Isaac and Gottfried von Leibniz were involved. It tackles about who was the real father of calculus and who gets the credit of inventing it. Inside this paper, the researcher will also discuss a brief summary about Calculus, and short biography of the Mathematicians that were involved in this matter. Many people debates about this matter and we will also tackle some of it in this study. Introduction: So who really invented calculus first? Was it Sir Isaac Newton or Gottfried von Leibniz? Well let's do some investigation. There is no doubt about it that Newton and Leibniz made great mathematical breakthroughs but even before they began studying Calculus there were other people such as Archimedes and Euclid who discovered the infinite and infinitesimal. Much of Newton and Leibniz's work was based off of previous discoveries of the subject. In this controversy, inventors were almost...
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...scientific researches are almost purely based on rigorous reasoning. However, most people have underestimated the importance of emotion, which makes people cry and laugh. Moreover, emotional parts also exist in the scientific researches because it can provide people with intuition and inspiration. Emotion, which is a pejorative term for most people, still has its advantages: it makes people passionate; it creates involuntary actions in minds; it makes people sensational about the surroundings; it also stimulates intuition and inspiration. Emotion can make people passionate whereas reasoning often provides people indifference about the environment. Most scientists, especially who are specialists in math and physics, tend to only focus on their research topics. They have the strongest abilities in reasoning, but they tend to be indifference about their personal life. There are many scientists who never care about their appearances. Some of them are thinking about their researches except when they are sleeping. Scientists are often linked with the prototype of reasoning, and they often neglect the importance of emotion. Emotion means people sometimes do things without any specific reasons, which makes people passionate in their life. In terms of love, there are many people who fall in love even if they only see their lovers once. This kind of love often lacks reasons because it is merely inspiration and intuition. Having passion to seek lovers has nothing wrong. In fact, love is often initiated...
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...“Invention” or “Discovery” is the means whereby a writer or orator either finds (discovers) or creates (invents) content. In academic writing or speaking, invention often is thought to begin with research, but students also use invention techniques to help them prepare for research. Invention fosters critical thinking skills, so that as students do their research, they are more open to various problems and perspectives and more able to connect what they learn to their personal experiences and knowledge; invention also helps writers or speakers narrow a topic, clarify a thesis, develop ideas, or find arguments. In addition, once some preliminary reading or drafting is done, invention techniques can help he writer or speaker to refocus. Finally, these techniques are helpful for students who are blocked. Not all invention techniques are suited to all communication tasks. Encourage students to experiment with these strategies to find out which work for them. Clustering For those who need a visual picture of their ideas, clustering (also called visualizing) is a helpful method of invention. Clustering can be done as a part of brainstorming groups (see below) or by students working alone. What follows is a procedure for clustering to provide to students: 1. Write a word related to the topic in the middle of a page and circle it. 2. Think of other words that come to mind when you think of the word. Let your mind be playful. Don’t judge or evaluate; just let the words flow...
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...Research Paper Number of Third Year Students Having a Grade of 79 and Below (focusing on 2nd Grading; pertaining all subjects) Ritchie Alquisola Perny Austria Mirasol Abrenica Niña Mae Acabal Badian National High School Badian, Cebu S.Y. 2012-2013 Rowena Espinosa Statistics Teacher INTRODUCTION This research about the “Number of third Year Students Having a Grade of 79 and Below” aims to come up a summary of a list of third year students who received a grade of 79 and below during their second grading period, pertaining all subjects. The researchers interviewed each student from six (6) different sections out of nine (9) sections in third year. This represents 67% out of 100%. The six (6) sections were Archimedes, Aristotle, Einstein, Euclid, Kepler, and Newton. The three (3) sections which were not interviewed were Plato, Pythagoras, and Socrates. Results of the study showed that out of 479 third year students, 179 or 37% of these received a grade of 79 and below during their second grading period. To make this research valid, researchers also included the “Slovine’s Formula”, construction of “Frequency Distribution Table”, “Graphical Display of Data”, and the name of the students which were interviewed. SLOVINE’S FORMULA n=N1+Ne2 n=1791+179(0.05)2 n=123.45 ~ 123 RespondentsArchimedesAristotleEinsteinEuclidKeplerNewton | Population391738252436 | Percentage39179=0.22100=22%17179=0.09100=9%38179=0.22100=22%25179=0.14100=14%24179=0.13100=13%36179=0...
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...for the validation of questionnaire and conduct of the study. Interviews started with grand tour questions. These questions are open-ended questions that allow the interviewee to set the direction of the interview. After undertaking the interview, the answers and responses of the respondents will treat, analyze, and interpret. Data Analysis The gathering of data will analyze through qualitative approach employing narrative design, thus, the data will undergo thematic content analysis and these are the steps in analyzing the data (Anderson, 2007): 1. Verbatim Account with Human Coding. The data will being coded according to their classification as they classified if they are either Politicians or Constituents as to the context of the research study. 2. Clustering. From the verbatim account the data that have been transcribed, the data were able to come out with the clustering. 3. Emerging Sub-themes from Clustered Responses. The clustered data will be analyzed and it comes up with the emerging sub-themes. These sub-themes are the common thoughts from the responses of the informants. It is either a phrase or a word. 4. Emerging Main Themes. From the sub-themes as it have being analyzed it comes up with the Main Themes. This Main Themes are the very general idea emerges from the sub-themes of the responses of the informants. REFERENCES Books White, James E. (2012). Contemporary Moral Problems (10thed.). Clark Baxter Hinman, Lawrnce M. (2008).Ethics:A Pluralistic to Moral...
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...Wilhelm Roentgen The history of radiology is filled with wonder and discovery. Since ancient times, people have been curious about the body, its structure, and how it functions. This led to the many creative individuals who helped pave the way for radiology; from as early as first century Archimedes and his explanation on the reaction of solids to George Eastman who produced a patented roll of film. All of these discoveries and inventions helped give birth to the discovery of x-rays by Physicist, Wilhelm Roentgen. His discovery of a new kind of ray, spurred the age of modern physics and turned the world upside down in diagnostic medicine. Wilhelm Roetgen was born on March 27, 1845 in Lennnep, Germany. His parents were Fedrick and Charolette...
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...Calculus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the branch of mathematics. For other uses, see Calculus (disambiguation). Topics in Calculus Fundamental theorem Limits of functions Continuity Mean value theorem [show]Differential calculus [show]Integral calculus [show]Vector calculus [show]Multivariable calculus Calculus (Latin, calculus, a small stone used for counting) is a branch of mathematics focused on limits,functions, derivatives, integrals, and infinite series. This subject constitutes a major part of modernmathematics education. It has two major branches,differential calculus and integral calculus, which are related by the fundamental theorem of calculus. Calculus is the study of change,[1] in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of operations and their application to solving equations. A course in calculus is a gateway to other, more advanced courses in mathematics devoted to the study of functions and limits, broadly called mathematical analysis. Calculus has widespread applications in science,economics, and engineering and can solve many problems for which algebra alone is insufficient. Historically, calculus was called "the calculus of infinitesimals", or "infinitesimal calculus". More generally, calculus (plural calculi) refers to any method or system of calculation guided by the symbolic manipulation of expressions. Some examples of other well-known calculi are propositional calculus...
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...philosopher Hegel simply declared ‘Africa is no historical part of the world.’ This openly racist view, that Africa had no history, was repeated by Hugh Trevor-Roper, Regius Professor of History at Oxford University, as late as 1963. Africa, the birthplace of humanity We now knowWe now know that far from having no history, it is likely that human history actually began in Africa. The oldest evidence of human existence and that of our immediate ancestors has been found in Africa. In July 2002 further evidence of the existence of early hominids in Africa was found with the discovery of the fossilised remains of what has been called Sahelanthropus tchadensis, thought to be between 6-7 million years old, in Chad. The latest scientific research points to the fact that all human beings are likely to have African ancestors. Trade, Cultures and Civilisations in Africa Africa’s great civilisations made an immense contribution to the world, which are still marvelled at by people today. Ancient Egypt, which first developed over 5000 years ago. is one of the most notable of these civilisations and one of the...
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