Premium Essay

Article Analysis

In:

Submitted By katiecrandall
Words 1692
Pages 7
Katie Crandall
Consumer Behavior
Article Review #2

1. Hoyer, Wayne D., Rajagopal Raghunathan and Rebecca Walker Naylor. "The Unhealthy = Tasty Intuition and Its Effects on Taste Inferences, Enjoyment, and Choice of Food Products." Journal of Marketing 70. (October 2006): 170-84. Web. 24 Nov 2009.

2. The main purpose of the research done in this article is to determine whether or not food is viewed as attractive or "tasty" because it is perceived by consumers as unhealthy. The authors believe that if this is true, then "people will over-consume food portrayed as less (versus more) healthy because they expect that such food will taste better (Hoyer, et al, 170)." They created four main hypotheses:

H1: The healthier a food item is perceived to be, the lower is its inferred tastiness.

H2: When actual tastiness of a food product is controlled for, the healthier the food is portrayed to be, the lower is its judged tastiness.

H3: Given a choice between two food products that vary in healthiness, people with a more (versus less) salient enjoyment goal will choose the less healthy option.

H4: The pattern of results we predict in H1-H3 holds for both people who report an explicit belief in the unhealthy = tasty intuition and those who do not, but it is stronger among the former group.

3. Because three different experiments were performed, the procedure is rather lengthy. The first experiment, "Implicitness of Belief in Intuition," was designed in order to prove that the belief that unhealthy food tastes good is subconscious, or implicit. This experiment therefore utilized the IAT, or the implicitness association test. 138 college students were the subjects and received extra credit for their participation. The IAT was performed here using IBM computers and Direct RT software. The test subjects received instructions asking them to place different

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Articles Of Confederation Analysis

...The entry I entered represents America's journey after gaining independence from Britain. The image is read from top left to top right, then bottom left to bottom right. The first image represents the effects of the Articles of Confederation. The capitol building is small, and the thirteen clouds surrounding it, representing the states, are giant. These proportions represent where America’s power stood. The overruling power of the states crumpled our government, leaving it in debris, which gave us a chance to rebuild it stronger and better. That is when we built a democracy, the best way to equalize power, and have everyone influence everything. the Articles created a layout for our nation, and pointed out our flaws, but the Constitution was the finalized idea. In only...

Words: 466 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Articles Of Confederation Transition Analysis

...the Articles of Confederation As demonstrated by the lack of central government power during the Revolutionary War and rebellion, the Articles of Confederation would need to be changed to provide a sturdy foundation for the United States. The Articles were initially enacted in 1781, but relatively short-lived as they were replaced in 1789 with the ratification of the Constitution. The catalyst for the Constitution to be created was Shay’s Rebellion of 1786 to 1787. Though numerous problems arose beforehand, an uprising of farmers toward tax collection by state and local governments, spanning from New Hampshire to South Carolina, would incentivize change. Clearly, the states were unable to adequately carry out the basic duty of tax collection on their own. This would further exacerbate the need to pay debts as accumulated by the Revolutionary War. In order for the new nation to create a legitimate reputation in the eyes of the world, it would need to repay its foreign creditors for the financing they provided. Under the Articles of Confederation, there were no recourse procedures if states failed to pay their share of taxes to this cause, and thus some states managed to contribute while others failed....

Words: 579 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Articles Of Confederation Dbq Analysis

...Gentlemen, it is evident that the Articles Of Confederation’s current policy for regulating domestic and international trade is utterly ineffectual. What message are we sending to Britain and the rest of Europe, by having fought for and gained our independence, only to not even know how to handle neither domestic nor international trade? This is an utterly shameful position to be in. The Articles of Confederation may have been founded on good intentions, but it seems more likely now that a lack of control and infrastructure, rather than an excess of it, shall be our downfall. The national government had no authority to regulate trade among the states, and as a result the individual states have continued to abide by their own trade laws, making...

Words: 381 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Articles Of Confederation Dbq Analysis

...control. Congress then adopted the Articles of Confederation in 1777, but was later ratified in 1781. It was the first constitution in the United States that provided the colonies a government system for their new beginning. While some the patriots agree with the new system, the loyalist were not pleased with it and insisted in a stronger central government. Thus the Articles of Confederation did not give an effective government system in the United States because it had no economic resources or control over the colonies, and had terrible effects...

Words: 846 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Articles Of Confederation Rhetorical Analysis

...When delegates from twelve states arrived in Philadelphia during the month of May, 1787, our confederacy found itself unaware and ignorant of the fact that behind these closed doors delegates completely overturned the Articles of Confederation instead of revising them, and created a whole new plan of government due to supposed conflict.     These delegates were well-educated and well-off white men that got together to improve the strength of our current “league of  friendship,” through important revisions of the Articles of Confederation. The delegates soon decided to trash the Articles and create a new form of government. James Madison, or the, “Father of the Constitution,” as some have called him, proposed that the government be made up of...

Words: 274 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Articles Of Confederation Dbq Analysis

...America was struggling with the articles of confederation so they made the constitution. The Articles of Confederation were very weak so framers made the constitution of the United States of America. As it says in document 1,2 and 3 here are some weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. The state government had more power than the federal government and that is not good. The states can do pretty much whatever they want without approval from the federal government. Also The federal government had no power to enforce treaties, so basically you stay at war forever unless the states want peace. Even more reasons that it is bad is that there is no national currency so you can not go to Maine and use New York money. This is obviously a big...

Words: 452 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Analysis of Article "The Go-Nowhere Generation"

...In the article “The Go-Nowhere Generation,” the Buchholzes argue that the present generation of youths has taken a turn for the worse, losing the sense of spirit that were once synonymous with people of their age and settling for meager jobs in their hometowns instead. The target audience of “The Go-Nowhere Generation” is educated older adults and parents, who are most likely to share the authors’ views. The authors implement a series of comparisons, which include statistics and descriptions, between the past and present generation of young adults to illustrate their position. However, though the authors make several valid points that are supported by solid evidence, the article falls short of being truly convincing due to its narrow views and assumptions. Statistics is a straightforward way to make a point, and the authors put it to good use in this article. They state that the “likelihood of 20-somethings” leaving their home state has “dropped well over 40 percent since the 1980s,” choosing instead to live at home. They even point out that bicycle sales have been following the same regression, linking this fact to their claim that young people are indeed “going nowhere.” They continue using data to prove the loss of vitality in young people, bringing up that the percentage of 18-year-olds getting their driver’s licenses—and thus gaining a newfound freedom—have fallen nearly 15% and suggesting that it is due to the increased use of the internet, which they claim delays the acquirement...

Words: 860 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Article Analysis

...Article Analysis In this analysis, I summarize the article “FAF Creates Private Company Council” written by Ken Tysiac and offer conclusions on this article. Article Summary At the beginning of this article, Ken states that Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF), FASB’s parent organization, voted to establish Private Company Council (PCC) for creating differences in U.S. GAAP for private companies on May 23. As a result, FASB will be responsible for “endorsement” rather than “ratification” of PCC decisions. Then he discusses three changes from the recommendations FAF made in October: 1. The PCC chair will not be a FASB member. 2. FASB will have 60 days to act on PCC decisions. It must provide public, written reasons when failing to endorse a PCC decision. 3. The PCC will identify and vote on exceptions and modifications to U.S. GAAP for private companies. Then Ken discusses the steps to process the differences in U.S GAAP advanced by the PCC. If the majority members of FASB endorse the differences, the PCC decision will go public for comments. After the comment process, the PCC will redeliberate the proposed exceptions or modifications and send final decisions to FASB, which will be incorporated into U.S. GAAP. In addition, he also mentions that a FAF committee will oversee the interaction between the PCC and FASB when responding to the needs of private companies. At last, Ken talks about the response of the AICPA and states that AICPA also supports the PCC and...

Words: 360 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Article Analysis

...Article Analysis University of Phoenix ECO / 365 Liliana Fargo November 1, 2009 Article Analysis Many consumers purchase products to use them because they like the product, it fits their lifestyle or just for the simple fact of it being affordable. The consumers hardly ever look at the purchase habits of other consumers that is the company’s job to do. There are many facets that a company has to look at, such as the trends and consumption patterns of the consumers that consumers are not too aware of. Taking all of this into consideration, the purpose of this paper will be to define economics, define microeconomics, define law of supply, as well as define the law of demand, ad to also identify the factors that lead to a change in supply and a change in demand. What is economics? Economics is more than just the “economy.” Economics is the study of how human beings coordinate their wants and desires, given the decision-making mechanisms, social customs, and political realities of the society (Colander, 2008). Merriam-Webster defines economics in a simpler way as a social science concerned chiefly with description and analysis of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services (2009). The key word in the definition given by Colander is coordinate. In the study of economics there are three central coordination problems any economy must solve, which are: what, and how much, to produce; how to produce it; and for whom to produce it...

Words: 1232 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Article Analysis

...Week I Individual Assignment University of Phoenix This paper is written in response to the University of Phoenix Eco365 class. In this paper I will define economics, microeconomics, the Law of supply and demand and I will also identify the factors that lead to changes in supply and demand. The business world is very susceptible to the nuances of consumer choices. The ability to anticipate the trends in consumer consumption patterns is vital any company who seeks to be a leader or major player in their field. Constant research and analysis is performed each year to determine or create the trends not only in who are the company’s current customers but future customers as well. This research is also used to determine what those customers want and why. To really understand trends in consumption patterns, you have to first understand the basic principles of economics. Economics Economics is the science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services and with the theory and management of economies or economic systems (Colander). One example of economics is the new job tax credit that President Obama has proposed. This credit encourages businesses to expand their workforces and operations by offering $3,000 for each new job that a company creates and places someone in, thereby increasing production of products with the intent to lure consumers to spending more. Microeconomics Microeconomics is the study of the operations of the components...

Words: 799 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Article Analysis

...Article Analysis ECO/365 12 October, 2012 Mr. Jeff Leeson In economics, consumption trends provide us with evidence to the relationship between supply and demand. These trends are examined to determine spending habits and patterns of the consumer. All goods and/or services with goods being defined as “all things that are moveable at the time of identification to a contract for sale” (U.C.C. Article 2-Sales ND) expended by the consumer are dictated by supply and demand. This essay will analyze the consumption patterns of natural gas as it relates to the supply and demand of said good. Natural gas consumption for generating power is increasing and consumption of natural gas for electric power has surpassed natural gas consumption “in the industrial sector since early 2009. The power sector added a significant amount of new natural gas fired generating capacity over the last decade, much of which was in the form of efficient combined-cycle units” (EIA.GOV, 2012, p.1). In years past, while coal-fired generation was inexpensive, the natural gas-fired combined-cycle units were utilized at somewhat lower rates. In the industrial sector, natural gas use rose in 2010 and 2011, reversing a trend of declining use that lasted from “the mid-1990s to 2009. Natural gas is used in the industrial sector and manufacturing sub-sector for process heating, steam generation, onsite electricity generation, space heating, and petrochemical...

Words: 911 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Article Analysis

...Running head: “SAFETY PILOT” AND “NEVER AGAING” ANALYSIS 1 “SAFETY PILOT” AND “NEVER AGAING” ANALYSIS Dionela Orozco Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Escuela De Aviación y Logística Florida Institute of Technology, College of Aeronautics Author note This paper was prepared for AVT 4301, Aviation Safety-Panama, taught by Dr. Ballar. M. Barker “SAFETY PILOT” AND “NEVER AGAING” ANALYSIS Abstract Human factor is one of the most important issues in regard of safety and risk management ,In general aviation human error is common due the facility of handle low loads and fly easier trips, Pilots get bad habits and their behavior can increase the chances of failure in flight, not be able of make a good decision can produce serious accidents and incidents, Do not have the complete information and work with inaccurate data is also common among pilots in general aviation it results in a risk taken every time they’ve flown , latent conditions can be placed for a long time but when it is combined with a bad decision or action could result in a loss; nowadays efforts have improved the aviation safety over the world , but the major challenge is change the bad mindsets and behaviors of the aeronautical personnel to achieve a culture of safety 2 “SAFETY PILOT” AND “NEVER AGAING” ANALYSIS Safety Pilot Starting the reading of the article we can notice that before the series of errors the Pilot in command has had a friend asking about whether one more passenger wouldn’t affect...

Words: 2138 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Article Analysis

...ARTICLE ANALYSIS 1 Article Analysis #2 Emily McCormick Principles of Management October 10, 2012 ARTICLE ANALYSIS 2 Article: http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/09/tech/mobile/ipad-mini-gahran/index.html?hpt=hp_c2 Everyday businesses are changing and thinking of new ways to improve their companies. In order to expand their companies, many business owners use strategic planning to achieve more growth. Many companies have benefitted by using strategic planning, and Apple is one of those benefitting companies. Ever since Steve Jobs founded Apple, it has been on the up rise. They have been on the rise of new and innovative technology that becomes the next number one thing on people’s want list. Recently there has been talk that Apple is to release and smaller version of their ever-popular Ipad. The new Ipad will most likely be around “…7 to 7.8 inches [and] there will probably be Wi-Fi only and at least two carrier-specific 4G models.” This is a good example of how companies practice strategic planning because Apple is trying to expand its’ target market and …”most importantly, to appeal to the small-tablet consumer market…” When talking about strategic planning. This is a great example of expansion. As talked about in chapter 7, expansion is when you are trying to introduce your existing customers to new products. Apple may also be trying to reach new customers by diversification. This is where you introduce new customers to new products. As stated above, Apple is trying...

Words: 547 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Article Analysis

...Article Analysis: International Negotiation Letricia Allison University of Phoenix Organizational Negotiations MGT 445 Nancy O'Connone-Bone October 09, 2009 Article Analysis: International Negotiation International negotiation is a negotiation that occurs between two countries or between two or more individuals or organizations located in different countries. When negotiating with an individual or organization in a different country, one must remain extra cautious to avoid and deceptions or swindles caused by international negotiations. A negotiator who does not have a clear understanding of the negotiation process in another country could fall prey to unfamiliar negotiation schemes. This could happen nearly to all qualified domestic negotiators. Analyzing two articles in which a negotiation situation has occurred in a global context will give society an understanding of the implications of globalization and technology on negotiations. Obama Led UN Council Backs Broad Nuclear Agenda President Barack Obama had the honor of presiding over Septembers UN Security Council meeting. During this meeting, the UN Security Council cast a unanimous vote to endorse a strategy aimed at stopping the development of weapons made from nuclear power. The UN Security Councils ultimate goal is to eradicate the production of nuclear weapons to bring forth a world with more sanctuary for everyone. “The historic resolution we just adopted enshrines our shared commitment...

Words: 945 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Article Analysis

...Article Analysis Nithin Balaji, Sam Wilson In this article by Seth Waldner, he is writing about the struggle of Michael Same, who is the first openly gay Professional Football Player. The central claim is that of Michael Sam himself in that he wants to be seen as a “football player”, and not a “gay football player.” He is using a claim of value, which is making the audience, who in this case is the whole nation of NFL fans, make a valuable judgment based on good morals. By utilizing this claim, Sam, who is essentially the author through his numerous quotes in the article, is sending a direct message to the people of America. He wants all people, regardless of sexual preference, to put aside the gay distraction and focus on his outstanding football skills. In writing this article, Waldner appeals the reader by using ethos, along with appealing to the reader’s emotional character. Sam quoted “You know, I’ve been in locker rooms with all kinds of slurs being said,” he said. “And I don’t think anyone means it. ... As time goes on, everyone will adapt. If someone wants to call me a name, I’ll have a conversation with that guy and hopefully it won’t lead to nothing else.” This makes the readers think emotionally as to their own conduct toward gays. He wants people to see that he is not affected negatively by the criticism by ignorant people. Waldner utilizes ethos by stating the ethical argument for Michael Sam. New York Giants Gm Jerry Reese said that Sam’s sexual preference...

Words: 545 - Pages: 3