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* Overview * Article – এর সম্পর্ক Noun-এর সাথে। * শুধুমাত্র Pronoun, Adverb, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction-এর পূর্বে No Article. * কিন্তু কোন Adjective-এর পরে CSN থাকলে ঐ Adjective- এর পূর্বে a\an বসে। (a\an+adj+CSN) * Adverb-এর ক্ষেত্রে – (a\an+adv+adj+CSN.) * Determiner + Zero Article + Noun. * Zero Article + Determiner + Noun. * Determiner + of + the + Noun | * Determiners A An The | One Two Three……………. ………………….. ………………….. Unlimited. | Some, Any, Many, Every, Each, No, Much, Few, A few, The Few, Most, All. Little, A little, Both, The Little, Either, Neither. This, These, Those. | Possessive Pronouns. | * Uncountable Noun * Nouns that can’t be counted in terms of number are regarded as uncountable noun. (Information, Fire, Milk, Hair, Air,) * Nouns that are measured in terms of their weights. (Oil, Bread, Soap, Butter, Rice, Pulse etc) * CPN measured in terms of weights. (Potatoes, Tomatoes etc.) * Nouns that are regarded as unit. (Time, Wealth, Furniture, News, Money etc) * Material & Abstract Nouns are Uncountable. ( Water, Gold, Wood, Gas, Petrol, Diesel, Honesty, Freedom, Happiness, Education, Kindness, Power, Unemployment, Health, Poverty, Unity, Independence, Knowledge, Advice, Anger, Friendship, Beauty, Permission, Beauty) * In nouns we have such suffixes as— tion, ism, sion, ment, ty, nce, hood, dom, ness, ship, ing, ce, |

* Rules * Zero Article+ UN (General Rule.) * The + UN+ of. * The+ UN + Relative Pronoun (that, which, what, who, where, when, who, whose.) * The + UN + Gerund\Participle. * A\An + UN (If it works as an adjective.) * A + (good amount of\great deals of\a plenty of) + UN. * A + matter of + UN |

Countable Singular Noun * Rules * A\An + CSN (generally) * A\An +Adjective + CSN. * A\An +Adverb+ Adjective + CSN. * একটি passage- এ CSN প্রথমবার উল্লেখিত হলে তার পূর্বে A\An বসবে। যদি উক্ত CSN টি আবারও পরের লাইনে আসে তবে তার পূর্বে The বসবে। * {What\ How +Adj \ Quite\ Rather \ Such \ Many} + {A\An} + CSN. * Adjective +Zero Article + CSN. * As\So\ Too + Adjective + A\An + CSN. * The + CSN ( যদি CSN টি পূর্ব পরিচিত হয়।) * The + CSN + of ( Not always) * The + CSN + Relative Pronoun. * Once\Twice\Thrice + A + Week\Day\Month\Year. * The + Gerund + of. * A\An\The + Name of Vehicles in CSN. (Bus, Truck…..) * Journey\ Travel + By + Zero Article + Bus\Truck\Airplane…… * Student\Teacher হিসেবে School\College\University গেলে, Patient\Doctor হিসেবে Hospital\Medical-এ গেলে, Employee হিসেবে Office-এ গেলে, Criminal হিসেবে Jail\Prison- এ গেলে, Zero Article + School\College\Hospital\University\Medical\Office\Jail\Prison. কিন্তু পরিদর্শন করতে বা অন্য কোন কারনে গেলে The + School\College\Hospital\University\Medical\Office\Jail\Prison. * CSN সম্বন্ধে যদি এমন কোন তথ্য দেয়া থাকে যা ঐ শ্রেণীর সবার জন্য প্রযোজ্য তবে তার পূর্বে A\An\The সব-ই বসে। যেমনঃ The\A cow is a domestic animal. কিন্তু এই নিয়মে Man\Woman এর পূর্বে Zero Article বসে। * The number of + CSN. | Countable Plural Noun * Rules * Zero Article + CPN (General Rule\ If that represents all.) * Zero Article + Adj + CPN. * Never use ‘A\An’ before CPN. * The + CPN+ of\with\on. * The+ CPN+ Relative Pronoun. * The + CPN + Gerund\Participle. * A + (lot of\number of\variety of\numerous\good number of) + CPN. * A + sector of\section of + CPN. |

Proper Noun Rules Zero Article | Name of a human being. | A\An\The Kazi Nazrul Islam is my favorite poet. | | Name of a place. | A\An\The Dhaka is an old city. | | Name of a language. | A\An\The English is an international language. | | Name of a subject | A\An\The Economics is my favorite subject. | | Name of a day. | A\An\The Friday is a holiday. | | Name of a month. | A\An\The January is the month when the year starts | | Name of a season (except-the rain.) | A\An\The Spring is my favorite season. | | Name of games. | A\An\The Cricket is my favorite game. | | Name of park\square. | I visited A\An\The Ramna park once a week. | | Name of musical instruments (not play.) | A\An\The Guitar is my favorite musical instrument. | | Name of a book | A\An\The Shahnama is a famous book. |

The | sun\moon\stars\earth\world | The sun rises in the east. | | Name of rivers ( Padma\Meghna etc.) | The Padma is the biggest river in Bangladesh. | | Name of religious books(Mahabharata\Quran) | The Quran is a holy book. | | U.S.A.\U.K.\U.A.E\Punjab\Middle-East | The U.K. is renowned for Oxford University. | | Name of newspapers. | I read the Daily Star. | | Name of a F.P. + the + great | Akbar the great. | | Name of directions (North\South\East\West.) | The sun sets in the west. | | Name of a ocean\sea\bay | The Pacific is the biggest ocean in the world. | | Date | The 21st February is a red letter day. | | Name of a ship\train | The Titanic sunk on her first voyage. | | Occasions | The Durgapuja is celebrated across the country. | | Name of a nation | The English speak English well. | | Name of a political party. | The Awameleague | | Name of religious nation | The Hindus, The Muslims |

Miscellaneous Rules 01) The + Superlative Degree of Adjective {(Most +Adj) \ (Adj + st\est)} 02) Zero Article + Comparative Degree of Adjective { (More+Adj) \ (Adj+r\er)} 03) The + Comparative Degree of Adjective (Double Comparative) 04) The + Comparative Degree of Adjective (বাক্যে of the two থাকলে) 05) The + Poor\Rich\Unemployed\Pious|\Virtuous\Brave\Idle\industrious ( যদি ঐ ধরনের সবাইকে বুঝায়) 06) The + Ordinal Number +Noun ( First\Second\Twenty First etc) 07) The\Possessive Pronoun + Part of body. 08) A + Name of a person (If he\she is unknown) 09) A + Name of a person ( তুলনা অর্থে বুঝালে ) 10) The + Name of a person + Of + Country 12) The + Collective Noun 13) Most\All\None\Majority\Each\Either\Neither + of + the + CPN. |

On the other hand, On the contrary, The truth, A part and parcel, A lot of, A few, A little, A lie, Put an end to, Come to an end, In a temper, for a walk, went a hunting, make a noise, make a fire, All the people, half an hour, do a single day. |

Courtesy: Subrata Halder Exercises For Practice-01 1)_____ Water is an important element of the environment. 2)_____ Happiness lies in contentment. 3)_____ Knowledge is______ power. 4)We can’t live without _____ air. 5)He has much____ money but no _____happiness. 6)Though he has ____ poverty, he doesn’t adopt ____ dishonesty. 7)_____Kindness is a noble virtue. 8)_____Love for one’s country is known as____ patriotism. 9)_____Terrorism is a great threat to our society. 10)We often compare _____education with light. 11) A teacher imparts _____ knowledge among students. 12)Follow my_____ advice. 13)______Honesty is the best policy. 14)_____ water of this pond is polluted. 15)_____ money which I had lost last night was found. 16)_____ water flowing in the river creates a nice scenery. 17)This boy is _____ joy\disgrace\pride to me. 18) Examination is _____ fear to me. 19)_____ kindness of Mohsin is worth remembering. 20)Kasfia is_____ beauty. 21)We know that _____ air of Dhaka is polluted. 22)We fought almost 9 & a half month for____ freedom. 23)_____Liberty comes after struggle. 24)I need_____ your help. 25)She likes to_____ eat. 26)I had one_____ cousin. 27)Ranju is____ honest boy. 28)I had ____ one-legged friend. 29)She is much talented than____ I. 30)Suruj Ali was _____ very honest. 31)Suruj Ali was_____ very honest man. 32)Rana and Tina are _____ good students. 33)I have______ information about it. 34)She walked_____ quickly towards her residence. 35)____advice given to them was valuable. 36)____ cost of a mobile is now affordable. 37)Honor begets _____ honor. 38)____money he took as bribe was stolen. 39)____illiteracy is same as ___darkness.40)Most\Many\All\Some_____ boys were there. 41)Every\No\Each _____ boy attended the party. 42)Most\All\Each\Either\Neither of ------ us went. 43)Most\\All\None\Some of ______boys met me. 44)____ information that I got was helpful. 45)Computer is ____wonder of modern science. 46)I need _____ time to think. 01)Yesterday I met with ____ teacher. _____ teacher advised me to increase my stock of vocabulary. 02) My father is ____ businessman\service holder\carpenter\barber. 03) Mr. Rakib is ____ man of letter. 04) Nabila is ____ meritorious student. 05) Mohsin was a kind ____ man. 06) Taqdir is so promising ____ boy as can be relied on. 06) Jerry was too little ___ boy to carry the load. 07) Faridpur is such\rather\quite ____ big town. 08) I visit my village once\twice\four times ____ year. 09) _____ Man can’t escape from the death. 10) _____student who learns his lessons regularly is sure to succeed. 11) What ____ beautiful place Sylhet is! 12) How nice ____ bird cuckoo is! 13) It is ____ matter of great sorrow. 14) Yesterday _____ a postman came and knocked my door. I opened ____ door. _____postman show me ____ letter and told me that ____ letter was for me. ___ I take ___ letter. Then I switched on ____ fan and sat on ____ bed. 15. He is _____ engineer\M.Phil\FRCS\LLB\MBA. 16) My uncle is ____ PhD\BBA\doctor. 16) ____ good student is ____ asset. 17) ______ number of boys were present there. 19) Ring is _____ ornament. 20) I met with _____ one-eyed man. 21) I waited for half ___ hour for buying _____ umbrella. 22) I study in ____ university. 23) Mr Raihan is ____ honest man. 24) I ride on ____ a horse. 25) Kazi nazrul Islam was _____ intellectual man. 26) Rice is ______ commodity. 28) I never see such ____ beautiful place. 29) _____ lot of fishes was sold. 30) I have _____ few friends. 31) I need _____ little water. 32) I study in ______ University of Dhaka. 33) I have had ______ breakfast ____ hour ago. 34) ______ breakfast was delicious. 35) ______birds fly in the sky. 36)_____ birds of Newzealand come Bangladesh in _____ winter. 37) ______ people of Bangladesh are friendly. 38) _____ birds flying in the sky are beautiful. 39) ______ books kept on the table are mine. 40) _____ books which Rabindranath wrote are very educative. 41) _____students who get chance in IBA are ____extra-ordinary. 42) _____ girl with blue eyes is my sister. 43) _______ listening of music is my hobby. 44) I didn’t go to ______school for ____ week. So, my father went to _____ school to meet ____ head master. 45) _____students are the future of ____nation. 46.______ Teachers build up a nation. 47) ______teachers came to meet me. 48) I bought ______great deals of\good amount of oil. 50) I watch drama on _____ variety of numerous\good number\number of channels.
01)Rana is ______ best boy I have ever seen. 02)Tumpa is ______ cleverer than her sister. 03)Of the two sisters, Aparna is ___more beautiful. 04)MIS is ______better of the two subjects. 05)Dhaka is ____more populous than Narayanganj. 06)Akbar was ______ greatest of all kings. 07)______more we read, ______more we learn. 08)____higher is the price, ____ greater the demand. 09)_____ rich are not always happy.10)We should not look down on ______ poor. 11)______ brave deserve the fair. 12)Check ______ beast in you. 13)______ mother arose in her. 14)Library is ______ part and parcel of a school. 15)Newspaper is _____must for everyday life. 16)Hamida is ______ first girl of MIS. 17)I think you are ______ Nazrul. 18)Nazrul is ______ Byron of Bangladesh. 19)______ police came here yesterday. 20)Most of ___ students can’t do well in___ English. 21)Each of ______ boys was awarded. 22)Always tell_____ truth, not _____ lie. 23)Let’s go out for _____ walk. 24)She looks _____ most beautiful in red dress. 25)Don’t make _____ noise. 26)_____ earth\world\universe\moon is beautiful. 27)I don’t like ______ winter. 28)It rains heavily in _____ rainy season. 29)Would you like to have _____ cup of tea. 30)We can’t do ______ single day without TV. 31)On _____other hand, he is a miser. 32)_______ idle suffer in the long run. 33)______sinners suffer in the long run. 34)Our miseries have come to_____ end. 35)I visited comilla in _____2009. 36)I will pay ____ visit to comilla this week. 37)I had ___chance to visit _____Cox’s Bazar. 38)_____ Sunderbans is a mangrove forest. 39) I like _____ violin. 40)I can’t play _____ guitar. 41)Subrata is ______ Bengali. 42)_______ Bengali is ______ brave nation. 43)_______ Jamuna is ______ big river. 44)___Everest is __ highest peak of ___Himalayans.

Exercise-02

1. A brilliant student is (a) __asset. One day he may be (b) __engineer or (c) __MBBS doctor. He makes (d) __best use of time. He makes a proper division of his time and does duties accordingly. He knows that youth is (e) _golden period of (f) __life. He has (g) __aim in life. He knows that (h) __life without (I) __aim is like (j) _ship without a rudder.
2.(a)__idle man and (b) __active man cannot be equal. We know (c) __story of (d) __Ant and (e) __Grasshopper. (f)__Ant was industrious. On the other hand, the Grasshopper was really (g) __lazy. The Ant knew that (h) __industrious shine. On (I) __contrary, (j) __lazy suffer in life.
3. When (a) __great poet, Ferdousi, began to write (b) __Shanama, the sultan promised him(c) __piece of gold for each (d) __verse. When (e) __epic was finished, it contained sixty thousand (f) __verses. Instead of giving gold coins, he offered the poet only sixty thousand silver (g) __coins. The poet refused to take the silver coins and left the court with (h) __broken hearth was (I) __aggrieved man. Later on the sultan realized that he had made (j) __blunder.
4. Newspaper plays (a) __important role in our society. It is (b) __most useful thing in our modern life. We cannot think of (c) __day without it .To read newspaper is (d) __good habit. (e)__more we read news paper (F) __more we can acquire knowledge. If we don’t read it, we shall be (g) __frogs in (h) __dark well. It is (I) __looking glass of (j) __modern world.
5. Patriotism is (a) __noble virtue. It inspired(b)__man to shed last last drop of blood to defend the freedom of his country.(c)—man without patriotism is no better than (d)__beast.(e)__true patriot is honored by (f)__all. He thinks for (g) __welfare of his country. On (h) __other hand (I) __unpatriotic man thinks for his own interests. Those who die for (j) __country are true patriot. They are remembered even after their death.
6. There are many problems in Bangladesh. The unemployment problems is (a)__most serious of them .(b)__word unemployment means (c)__state in which a man is out of (d)__work. When (e) __adult person has no work, he is treated to be unemployed. There goes (f) __proverb that (g) __idle brain is the devil’s workshop. At present most countries of (h) __world are trying to eradicate this problem. Though Bangladesh is (i) __overpopulated, our government is trying to do (j) __same.
7. (a)__Discipline is seen in (b) __nature. Every morning (c) __sun rises in (d) __eat. Day follows (e) __night, birds sing and (f) __plants blossom. Everywhere in (g) __nature, there is (h) __harmony. If there was no discipline in (i) __nature, there would have been (j) __chaos everywhere.
8. Once there lived (a) __man in a village. He made caps with palm leaves and sold them in (b) __market to. (c)__ maintain his family. One day ,he was going to (d)__distant market. He had (e) __basket full of caps. He became tired. He saw (f) __apple tree .He sat under (g) __tree and fell asleep. Then (h) __strange thing happened. (I)__tree was full of (j) __monkeys.
9. Mentaha is (a) __HSC examinee. She has been suffering from (b) __fever for about a week. She wants to meet (c) __experienced doctor. She has heard much about (d) __reputation of Dr. Khan who’s (e) __FRCS .He is one of (f) __best doctors in our country. He had an degree from (g) __UK. So Mentaha made (h) __ appointment. On (i) __appointed day, she reached (j) __doctor’s chamber.
10. A library is (a) ____ part and parcel of (b) ____ education institution. It is (c) ____ unique place where books of different subjects kept for (d) ____ reading. It enables (e)____ readers to read books of their choice that create(f) ____ enthusiasm for learning. Students should pay(g) ____ visit to (h)____ library regularly. They can borrow books for (i) ____ certain period and return them after (j) ____ given time.
11 . Education is (a)____ process by which our mind develops through formal learning at (b) ____ institution like (c)____ school, college or university. It is (d)____ mental training which provide opportunities of growth and helps to overcome (e)____ obstacles to progress. Again (f)____ purpose of education is to enlighten (g)____ individual and develop his\her capability to (h)____. It is also(i)____ business of education to train (j)____ individual to make the choices to go ahead.
12. Muhammad Yunus was born in (a) __Chittagong, (b) __business centre of Eastern Bangladesh. He was(c) __third of 14 children of his parents. He was awarded with (d) __full bright scholarship and received his (e) __PhD from (f) __USA. He is (g) __founder and Managing Director of (h) __Grameen Bank. In 1997 he organized (i) __world’s first Micro-credit Summit in (j) __Washington DC.
13. Today Bangladesh faces (a) __number of (b) __problems. Of all these problems (c) __population problem is (d) __most acute one. Population is no doubt(e)__great asset of(f)__country but when(g)__country fails to feed and provide them with (h)__suitable jobs they cease to be (i)__aforesaid asset but become (j)__huge burden.
14 .Mr. Patrick is (a) __European. As he is (b) __Englishman, he knows(c) __English well. He is (d) __honorable to everyone though he is (e) __one-eyed man. One day having (f) __SOS, he went to (g) __USA. His brother Milton living there joined (h) __Army last year. He is (i) __younger of the two brothers. When Patrick met his brother he could not but shed (j) __tears.
15. Eid-ul-fitr is (a) __biggest festival of (b)__Muslims. It comes at(c)__end of the(d)__holy (e)__month of (f)__Ramadan. It is (g) __occasion for thanks giving to (h)__Almighty.Eid is certainly an occasion for(i) __joy for our Muslim who follow (j)__commandments of Allah during (K)__holy Ramadan.
16. A village market is (a)__place in (b)__village where (c)__villagers go to buy and sell various things .It usually sits on(d)__bank of(e)__river or a canal or by (f)__side of highways. In a village market, the villagers buy and sell (g) __different kinds of food grains, all kinds of daily necessaries and (h) __other commodities. It is, in fact,(I)__primary centre to meet people’s need. It is again a meeting place of (j) __villagers.
17. Truthfulness is (a) __greatest of all (b) __virtues which make (c) __person really great. If we do not cultivate (d) __habit of speaking (e) __truth, we cannot command (f) __confidence of others. The man whom nobody believes can never be famous in life. It may be that we may succeed once or twice by telling (g) __lie but it never brings about (h) ___good result. A lie never lies hidden. Today or tomorrow it comes to light. Then (i)__real character of (j)__liar is revealed and nobody believes him.
18. The process of globalization requires (a)____ common language for international (b)____ communication. English has achieved (c)____ prestige of being that (d)____ language because it is (e)____ international language. It is no longer (f)____ unique possession of British or American people but (g)____ language that belongs (h)____ world’s people. This has led to (i)____ bewildering variety of (j)____ English.
19. Money cannot buy (a)___ happiness .But it is true that money is (b) ____must for our daily life. Everything is (c) ____ necessary in man’s life for happiness. But happiness is absolutely (d) ____ psychological thing. It is _____ name of feeling. It means _____ contentment. One who is satisfied with what one gets and contented with one’s life is _____ happy man. Happiness cannot be bought with_____ money. Everybody will admit that money has undoubtedly nothing to do for bringing _____ happiness.
20. A true friend is ___ asset. He stands by his ____ friend in time of danger. He is not ____ greedy man. He always wishes for _____ of his friend. But it is ____ matter of ____ fact that ____ true friend is very rare today. _____ selfish man cannot be ____ true friend. He thinks of his own ____ interest.
21. English is ____ international language. It is spoken all over____ world. So, the importance of ____ English cannot be described in words. All ____ books on higher education are written in English. Today organizations need employees who can speak ____ standard form of English. It is ____ official or semi-official language all over the world. Ours is ____ age of globalization. We need to learn English to join ____ advanced world. So, English has become _____ essential ____ language for us.
22. Akbar ____ great was one of ____ greatest emperors of India. He was one side a great ruler on the other side he was man of____ wisdom. Among all ____ mughal rulers he was ____ best. As a result his time has been written in golden letters in the page of ____ history. He was ____ uneducated person. But he had ____ ability to rule ____ kingdom like ____ expert ruler.
23. Punctuality is of great value to ____ student. ____ unpunctual boy who is late in ____ class will miss ____ part of his lesson and fall ____ behind other students. But ____ punctual student will learn his lesson in____ time and do well in ____ examination. Punctuality is ____ key to success in life. We all should be ____ punctual in our activities. 24. Socrates believed that ____ angry man was more of ____ beast than human being. He had a wife who used to lose temper on ____ slightest excuses. One day ____ woman got more furious than before and started to insult him. He went out and sat on the door step of his ____ house. He looked out on the public ____ street. The wife found that he was paying ____ least heed to her. So, she began to pour hot water on ____ head of Socrates. The passers-by were very much amused at ____ incident. They had not seen such ____ incident before.

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