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Case Study: Nestle
Pada tahun 2000 Nestlé dianggap perusahaan makanan terbesar di dunia dengan 500 pabrik yang beroperasi di 80 negara yang mempekerjakan 224.000 orang dengan penjualan tahunan sebesar $ 47 miliar. 149 Seorang pemimpin dunia yang dikenal untuk produk-produk manufaktur yang beragam seperti cokelat dan kosmetik, sekarang jauh dari perusahaan yang diciptakan oleh keinginan yang mendasari untuk membantu ibu baru yang tidak bisa menyusui bayi mereka yang baru lahir
Sebagai organisasi nasional Swiss, Nestlé hanya dijual melalui agen penjualan ke negara-negara di luar pasar dalam negeri. Pada 1900-an, ia berubah pendekatan untuk ekspansi global dan mulai membeli anak perusahaan lokal di pasar luar negeri. 152 peluncuran produk ke pasar Amerika dimulai pada saat Perang Dunia Pertama meningkatnya permintaan untuk produk susu. Nestlé mengambil kesempatan ini untuk membangun kehadirannya di Amerika Serikat dengan mengakuisisi beberapa pabrik yang ada
Pada tahun 1974 Nestlé diversifikasi untuk pertama kalinya di luar industri makanan dalam rangka untuk mempromosikan pertumbuhan. Ini menjadi pemegang saham utama di raksasa kosmetik L'Oréal. Diversifikasi ini memiliki konsekuensi yang signifikan bagi organisasi yang terus hari ini dengan kekhawatiran investor bahwa Nestlé mungkin telah berlebihan sendiri dengan akuisisi yang dililit utang L'Oréal.
Selama tahun 1980, CEO, Helmut Maucher, difokuskan pada peningkatan keuangan melalui divestasi dan kelanjutan dari akuisisi strategis. Hal ini mengakibatkan penjualan banyak bisnis nonstrategic dan nonprofitable dan akuisisi lebih fokus seperti pembelian Carnation pada tahun 1984. Restrukturisasi yang terus berlanjut sampai periode ke tahun 1990-an menciptakan sebuah perusahaan yang dirancang untuk menjadi lebih fleksibel.
Restrukturisasi adalah proses yang berkelanjutan di Nestlé, dengan biaya restrukturisasi sampai $ 300 juta per tahun. 161 Ketika pertama kali dimulai sebagai CEO Nestlé, Brabeck-Letmathe memulai perombakan total dari dewan eksekutif, menggantinya dengan 10 eksekutif baru.
Nestlé bergantung pada komitmen manajernya yang telah "tenggelam dalam budaya perusahaan Nestlé" dan siapa yang akan memilih untuk mempertahankan umur panjang organisasi daripada meningkatkan laba operasional jangka pendek. 165 Dalam budaya ini, Nestlé telah mengembangkan sebuah daftar "tersentuh"-sejumlah kekuatan perusahaan seperti bagaimana pertumbuhan perusahaan harus ditangani 166 dan peran teknologi. Untuk Brabeck-Letmathe, fokusnya adalah pada bagaimana untuk memperkuat dan mempertahankan kekuatan daripada mengubah mereka.

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