...SNUG-2000 San Jose, CA Voted Best Paper 1st Place World Class Verilog & SystemVerilog Training Nonblocking Assignments in Verilog Synthesis, Coding Styles That Kill! Clifford E. Cummings Sunburst Design, Inc. cliffc@sunburst-design.com www.sunburst-design.com ABSTRACT One of the most misunderstood constructs in the Verilog language is the nonblocking assignment. Even very experienced Verilog designers do not fully understand how nonblocking assignments are scheduled in an IEEE compliant Verilog simulator and do not understand when and why nonblocking assignments should be used. This paper details how Verilog blocking and nonblocking assignments are scheduled, gives important coding guidelines to infer correct synthesizable logic and details coding styles to avoid Verilog simulation race conditions. 1.0 Introduction Two well known Verilog coding guidelines for modeling logic are: • • Guideline: Use blocking assignments in always blocks that are written to generate combinational logic [1]. Guideline: Use nonblocking assignments in always blocks that are written to generate sequential logic [1]. But why? In general, the answer is simulation related. Ignoring the above guidelines can still infer the correct synthesized logic, but the pre-synthesis simulation might not match the behavior of the synthesized circuit. To understand the reasons behind the above guidelines, one needs to have a full understanding of the functionality and scheduling...
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...About ASIC ASIC (Australian Securities and Investment Commission) is a government body in Australia which deals in the corporate markets and money related administration supplier. They give help to Australia's monetary notoriety and development by confirming that Australia's money related markets are unprejudiced and clear, moved down by hazard opposed backers and fulfilled customers. They were organized under the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 (ASIC Act) and are additionally in charge of its organization. They are a free Region government body. They are accountable to the Province Parliament, the Treasurer and the Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer. .About One. Tel John David Rich and Brad Keeling together...
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...Topic 1: Ethics (Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants) Topic 1: Ethics (Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants) ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Introduction According to the Institute of Internal Auditors a Code of Ethics is a comprehensive statement of the values and principles, which should guide the daily work of auditors. The Code of Ethics states the principles and expectations governing the behavior of individuals and organizations in the conduct of internal auditing. It describes the minimum requirements for conduct, and behavioral expectations rather than specific activities. Fundamental Principles The Code of Ethics mandates that internal auditors behave and practice with integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality and professional behaviour. These are the fundamental principles of professional ethics and all members of the professional accounting bodies are to comply with these principles (APES 110, S.100.4). Purpose of the Code of Ethics Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization's operations. A code of ethics is necessary and appropriate for the profession of internal auditing, founded as it is on the trust placed in its objective assurance about governance, risk management, and control. The Code of Ethics extends beyond the definition of internal...
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...asic v adler hih insurance HIH Insurance was founded in 1968 by Ray Williams and Michael Payne, which was known as "M W Payne Underwriting Agency Pty Ltd". However, their company was acquired in 1971 by a British company called CE Heath PLC and appointed Ray Williams to be the board of CE Heath PLC in 1980. In 1989, the business operations of CE Heath PLC were transferred to CE Heath International Holdings Ltd. And the company floated on the Australian Stock Exchange in 1992. After 3 years, CE health international holdings became a subsidiary of Winterthur Swiss and was changed the name to HIH Winterthur. In 1999, HIH Winterthur acquired a large number of companies both in Australia and globally. The chief executive of FAI Insurance, Rodney Adler became a director of HIH and HIH changed its name to HIH Insurance Ltd. The reckless management by Rodney Adler, finally HIH collapsed in 2001 with debts of about $5.3billion; ASIC placed investigation into this case due to an intentional failure disclosure of financial statement by hih insurance company. The former HIH director Mr. Adler breached his duties under the sections 180, 181, 182 and 183 of Corporations Act. The criminal charges included the disclosure of misleading statement, conflict of interests and breach of director duty in good faith of the company. Mr. Adler was sentenced on 14 April 2005 to four and a half years jail, with a non-parole period of two and a half years. HIH insurance is currently in run–off...
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...event that they conduct audit of 10 or more significant entities. This is applicable to those audit firms which carry out an audit of 10 or more than 10 significant entities in an year. These entities may be listed companies or other listed registered schemes. The auditor in such a case is required to publish an annual transparency report on the auditor’s website as well as with the ASIC. The contents of the transparency report are required to be as per the provisions of Sec 332B of the Corporations Act and other regulations. These mainly contain information about the ownership, structure, governance and other factual information relating to such audit firms. The idea is that information regarding such audit firms who are carrying audit of large entities is available to their existing as well as potential clients. The second measure requires and empowers ASIC to issue an audit deficiency report in relation to an individual audit firm if it recognizes an audit deficiency in the auditor’s quality control system or the conduct of an audit which may be unfavourable to the overall quality of the audit. ASIC may note any deficiency in the auditor’s quality control system and such...
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...report The article I choose is titled ‘ASIC get tough on financial reports’. It is about ASIC find some problems after reviewing the annual financial. There are three main problems appear in this article. First is value asset, due to the financial globe crisis impact Australia market, company have a low level of asset impairment, some company disclose the minor information which could mislead the investor’ decision making. The AASB introduces the AASB 8 which required segmental results to be regularly reviewed by the relevant division’s “chief operating decision maker. The second problem is the indistinct information will make the chosen of accounting policy, financial instruments such as derivatives contracts will have to be examined, ASIC says company have to provide more information to users, rather than boilerplate disclosures. The third problem is some resources are uncertainty to be estimated ; it is about many companies write down the intangible asset. In order to solve these problems. ASIC decides to focus on segmenting and reporting in which profits are identified by geographic region or by type. It can help investor understand the financial position and performance for the company and avoid these problems happened. In this article, we can see ASIC play a regulatory role in the accounting profession. ASIC is Australian Securities and Investment Commission, it is monitoring and regulating various investment products for company. ASIC is Australia’s corporate, market and...
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... Australian Securities and Investments Act 2001 (ASIC Act) has provided ASIC a number of enforcement powers to carry out their role, which includes: 1. Grant Australian financial service license and Australian credit license ASIC has the power to legalize or licensing a person who carries on financial services business. It is aim to give an investor a confidentiality to deal with the persons who are legally licensed by ASIC. In relation to the license that provided by ASIC, it is intended to ensure the financial services business fulfill their obligation according to the standards and meet the public prospect. Then this will help ASIC to take any action to protect the investors from engaging any misconduct that possibly occurs. 2. Investigate any suspect breaches of law and require the company books at the examination Under the ASIC Act, ASIC has the power to examine or investigate any...
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...initial the judgment was made for ASIC. And then, the judge had given the verdict in favor of Forrest and Fortescue Metal Group in the Federal Court. But finally, in the High Court of Australia, the verdict found that both Forest was not guilty and the Company did not breach any sections of the Corporate Act in 2001. BACKGROUND Fortescue Metal Group Ltd (Fortescue), located in Western Australia, was a mining company (Fortescue Metal Group Ltd 2014). Mr Andrew Forest was chairman, chief executive and substantial shareholder in Fortescue (Fortescue Metal Group Ltd 2014). The Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) sued Fortescue and Forrest about a contract regarding the Port Hedland and a railway was to be built to connect the mine and the port. Fortescue signed a contract with three Chinese corporations, included China Railway Engineering Corporation (CREC), China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC) and China Metallurgical Construction Corporation (CMCC) during August and November 2004. The three contracts were signed separately and being combined to be known as “Framework Agreement”. During August and November 2004, Forrest released a press that Fortescue had entered into a binding contract with CREC to build and finance a project which included construction of the railway. In March 2005, Australian Financial Review published an article stated that framework agreements were not legally binding. One year later, ASIC began proceedings to Mr Forrest...
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...military throughout the world. To exploit fully the growing demand for semicustom integrated circuits, Motorola organized the Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) Division as part of the Semiconductor Products in 1984. The controller of ASIC sensed that he and his staff could play a significant part in determining the success of this new business. That is, because ASIC division was competing in a new and dynamic market with unique requirements but it also was radically changing the way to deliver its product. These circumstances led the controller to reassess the most basic issues involved in designing a management control system, which are how, what, who, and for whom should it be measured. The managers of the new division realized that the semicustom integrated circuit business had different requirements for success. In this semicustom gate arrays market, the customers are involved in the middle of the development cycle. Thus, Motorola focused on its customers, rather than on its product. Customers such as DEC, Apple Computer, and Unisys competed in markets characterized by rapidly changing technology. High quality, quick development time, and the ability to achieve volume production rapidly were paramount to capture the business of these customers, while price was secondary importance. In 1985, the ASIC Division occupied Motorola’s Chandler facility in Phoenix, US. The division was organized along functional lines called Department, which are: Product Engineering...
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...Step 1 Prepare a disclosure document. This is to be approved by the Board, making sure all the information is correct and not misleading. A disclosure document should contain the facts that an investor needs to make an informed investment decision. Disclosure documents are very important as they contain information to help you assess the benefits, risks, rights and obligations associated with a warrant, and the issuer's capacity to fulfil its obligations. In the disclosure document you can expect to find information on: • the rights and obligations of both issuer and holder • the underlying instrument • fees and charges • how to subscribe for the warrant in the primary market • the reporting and documentation you can expect from the issuer • exercise procedures • any other information an investor would reasonably require in making an informed decision. There are two types of disclosures for shares and bonds: • The preliminary document is the first offering document provided by a securities issuer and includes most of the details of the business and transaction in question. • The final document is printed after the deal has been made effective and can be offered for sale. • It contains finalized background information including such details as the exact number of shares/certificates issued and the precise offering price. Disclosure documents are generally prepared with the assistance of the underwriter acting...
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...QUESTION 1 a) Having the license for APRA (Australian Prudential Regulation Authority), Victoria bank is an authorised deposit taking institution (ADI). Been a part of APRA, which is needed to operate as a bank legally in Australia, it gives Victoria Bank the licence to undertake ‘business of banking’ which is defined in the Banking Act 1959. This shows that Victoria bank has fulfilled the ADI application requirements including sufficient start-up capital, ownership, sufficient risk management and internal control system, information and accounting system, and fulfilment developments. Addition to APRA, according to corporation act 2001, Victoria Bank also needs to have an AFSL, Australian Financial Service License off ASIC. This license will give the bank the authority to provide different financial services, “provide financial product advice to clients”, “deal in a financial product”, “make a market for a financial product”, “operate a registered scheme”, “provide a custodial or depository service”, and to “provide traditional trustee company services.”. Having fulfilled APRA & AFSL, Victoria bank has accepted the laws controlled by a number of guiding bodies. On top of APRA and AFSL there is the Australian Consumer and competition commission (ACCC), and the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). APRA will keep a close eye on the operations that Victoria Bank exercises, to make sure they keep financial promises to their customers and continue been financially established...
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...The Saturday Paper The Monthly The Quarterly Essay ECONOMICS In the Eye of the Storm The Collapse of Storm Financial Paul Barry By mid March, America’s champion fraudster Bernie Madoff will have served two years of a 150-year prison sentence for stealing billions of dollars from his rich and famous investors. As he chalks up the anniversary on his North Carolina jail wall, our corporate cop, the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), will have barely begun its action against Australia’s champion wealth destroyer Storm Financial Ltd, whose reckless advice cost 3000–4000 investors in Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria around $3 billion. Yet these financial collapses happened at almost exactly the same time: Bernie Madoff was led away in handcuffs in December 2008, just as Storm’s banks pulled the plug on the big Townsville-based financial planner and its unfortunate clients. There are, of course, huge differences between the two cases, not least that Bernie Madoff pleaded guilty and Storm’s founder, Emmanuel Cassimatis, didn’t steal investors’ money. But there are also strong similarities; these two super salesmen helped wreck the lives of thousands of elderly investors. Cassimatis’ ex-partner, Ron Jelich, who sold his financial planning business on the Gold Coast to Storm and became a key player in the group, told a parliamentary inquiry in 2009 that the collapse had inflicted “total horror, emotional despair and psychological terror”...
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...Asic vs Adler Introduction Since ASIC is a corporate entity, it can engage in legal action with other corporate companies that it suspects to be committing criminal or civil offences within the financialsystem. There are several famous court cases that ASIC has been involved with in Australian law and ASIC vs Adler is one of the cases. The sections that defendants commonly breached include ss180, 181, 182, and 183, which involve failing to act in good faith, failing to provide a duty of care and diligence, and avoiding the use information gained in their positions for their own benefit. The ASIC v Adler (2002) case involved the defendant directors obtaining highly confidential information due to their positions, and using this information to base decisions upon which to buy or sell shares. The main defendant, Adler, was found guilty of breaching ss 180, 181, 182 and 183 of the Corporations Act. The court held that Alder benefited both himself and his family in the transactions. http://www.scribd.com/doc/18531717/CO5121-Assignment Facts Adler was a non-executive director of HIH Insurance Ltd (HIH). William was a director and the CEO of HIH. Fodera was a director and the finance controller of Hih. HIHC was a wholly owned subsidisry of hih. Adler requested and williams and fodera arranged for HIHC ot advance $10 million to Pacific Eagle Equity Pty Ltd (PEE), a company controlled by Adler. The $10 million payment was arranged so that no other director of HIH...
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...products and certain other financial products. In particular, it addresses the naked short selling prohibition and the reporting and disclosure obligations. This guide is particularly relevant to institutional investors and brokers who are involved in short selling activity. REGULATORY GUIDE 196: Short selling About ASIC regulatory documents In administering legislation ASIC issues the following types of regulatory documents. Consultation papers: seek feedback from stakeholders on matters ASIC is considering, such as proposed relief or proposed regulatory guidance. Regulatory guides: give guidance to regulated entities by: explaining when and how ASIC will exercise specific powers under legislation (primarily the Corporations Act) explaining how ASIC interprets the law describing the principles underlying ASIC’s approach giving practical guidance (e.g. describing the steps of a process such as applying for a licence or giving practical examples of how regulated entities may decide to meet their obligations). Information sheets: provide concise guidance on a specific process or compliance issue or an overview of detailed guidance. Reports: describe ASIC compliance or relief activity or the results of a research project. Document history This version was issued on 7 April 2011 and is based on legislation and regulations as at 7 April 2011. Previous versions: Superseded Regulatory Guide 196, issued 19 September 2008, reissued 23 April 2010, with minor amendments...
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...chemicals or waste * Better choices – creating and applying indexes, restricted substance lists, policies and better ways of operating, and sharing them with vendors and suppliers * Bringing choices to scale – increasing the scale and availability of new material choices, including sharing intellectual property and enabling recycling of materials * asics * 1949 * Mr Kihachiro Onitsuka founded the forerunner of ASICS, Onitsuka Co. Ltd., in 1949 in Kobe, Japan. He started manufacturing basketball shoes in order to meet the needs of the nation’s rising basketball stars. The first shoes were designed with a recessed sole to simulate action of an octopus’ suction cup. * By 1950, the company was known as Onitsuka Tiger. The Tiger sports shoe saw its first major success the following year, with the winner of the Boston Marathon wearing the brand. * * ASICS is at the forefront of the world performance sports market as undisputedly the leading running shoe brand for enthusiasts and professional athletes alike. Whether at professional sporting events, the Olympics or an everyday run around a park, ASICS is the runner’s choice, providing comfort, support and a superior ride. The recent 10-year anniversaries of its two leading, award-winning shoes, the GEL-NIMBUS and GEL-KAYANO, demonstrate the longevity and affection by which the brand is held in the eyes of sportspeople across the globe....
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