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Assessment in an Industrial Context

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ASSESSMENT IN AN INDUTRIAL CONTEXT
The assessment process in an industrial context
Three broad areas in assessment in industry * First concerned with psychological measurements of attributes of individuals in the workplace. Measures used here can be classified as psychological measures or techniques * Second and third is concerned with assessment of groups and organizations and measures used are not classified as psychological measures even though the process follows a psychometric process.
Assessments of individuals
The goals for individual assessment in the workplace are to assess: * Individual differences for selection and employment purposes * Inter and intra individual differences for placement, training, development, compensation and reward purposes
Where measures which coply with technical standards of psychometry can be used?
Personal selection
Two approaches used in the application of psychological measures for selection purposes are * Input based approach where individuals are compared with the job specifications in terms of their personal characteristics or personality traits, also called the psychometric evaluation of testing approach * Output based approach where individuals are compared in relation to the required output standards of a job.also called the competency assessment approach, eg the copmtency to write, use a computer programe.
Measures that are used to assess the competencies of individuals should be reliable and valid even though they are not classified as psychological measures
Further important standards such as checking for bias and adverse impact should be in place especially when assessments are done in a multicultural context. Adverse impact refers to the situation where a specific selection strategy affords other members of a specific group a greater chance of selection than others
Psych tests can be maximal or typical performance

Maximal performance test include: * Aptitude test which assess a person’s potential * Academic performance or ability test which assess a persons ability or what they have learned up to their current stage of development * Personality or interests test which assess which assess work related characteristics or traits and job requirements * Projective techniques * Personal history data and peer assessments
The most popular instruments in South Africa for assessments of work related aptitudes include: * Technical test battery(mechanical and spatial reasoning) * Clerical test battery * Quanti-skill accounting assessment * Customer service aptitude test
Most popular instruments for assessing work related abilities in SA are: * TRAM 1, TRAM-2,APIL and the APIL SV - these instruments are developed for assessing a persons capacity to learn linked to different education levels, ranging from illeterates to post amtric qualifications * General reasoning test battery * Critical reasoning test battery * General ability measurements for adults * Learning potential computerized adaptive test * Wechsler adult intelligent scale * Cognitive process profile * Learning orientation index * The verify range of ability tests – a test battery of seven tests measuring differential abilities, such as verbal reasoning, numerical reasoning and inductive reasoning, checking, calculation, mechanical comprehension and reading comprehension
Most popular tests for assessing personality include * Occupational personality profile * 15 factor personality plus * Occupational personalty questioonare * 16PF revised * Hogan assessment series * Myers-briggs type indicator * Hogan motives, values and preference inventory * The motivational profile * The value orientation
Tests for assessing a person work related interests are * Occupational interest profle * campbellTM interests and skills survey * carreer intersests profile version 3 * the carreer path finder-indepth
Test for work related competencies include * Broad band competency assessment battery * Competency assessment series * Job specific solutions * Graduate talent simulations *
Performance ratings or assessments
It should follow the psychiatric principle and abide by the technical standards

Situational tests
Can be used for employment decisions for appointments in supervion and managerial positions.they are also used in the assessment centre or situational judgement test context.
The face validity plays a major role in this tests and techniques used are as follows: * Simulations – roleplay where paticiapnts are requested to play a particular role to deal with a specific problem * Vignettes – video or film presentation in which the candidate is requestd to play a role of a particular person such as the supervisor or manager to deal with the problem displayed on a vignette * Leadership group exercise where a gropu of candidates is requested to perform a particular task or deal with a specific problem while been observed * In-baskets tests whereletters, memos, and reports are given to the average manager in their email box and then are requested to deal with the correspondence in an optimal way…there after they are evaluated by trained personell * interviews which can be structured or unstructured

Assessment centers * candidates are observed by a team of trained observers for a specific behavioral dimension applicable in a specific job
Assessment of workgroups or work teams * Used to assess work groups or work teams * They are used for diagnostic and developmental purposes and are not classified as psych tests
Group process: includes aspects such as leadership, conflict handling, negotiation, communication, group dynamics and pr decision making, group shift or group think, power and conformity or group norms
Group characteristics – cohesion etc
Group structure -
Assessment of organizations * They are also used for diagnostic and developmental purposes and are not classified as psych tests * Organizational process include communication, corporate climate and culture * Other behavioral process such as work alienation, employee engagement, job burnout, work stress, commitment * Characteristics includes identity, strategic style, internal politics, effectiveness, policies * Structure – organizations can be evaluated in terms of the different design options or their structural configurations
Organizational research opportunities

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