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Astro Quiz Answers

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Submitted By rkhatib
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1. Why has NASA sent recent orbiters to Mars (such as Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter) on trajectories that required them to skim through Mars's atmosphere before settling into their final orbits? | | It saves money because the spacecraft uses atmospheric drag to slow down rather than needing to carry enough fuel to slow by firing rocket engines. | | | Each spacecraft also carried a lander, and the lander could only be dropped to the Martian surface when the spacecraft passed through the atmosphere. | | | It allowed the spacecraft to collect samples of the atmospheric gas for return to Earth. | | | It allowed the orbiters to get higher resolution pictures of the surface as it came close when skimming through the atmosphere. |
2 points
QUESTION 2 1. Why was it advantageous for the Voyager mission to consist of flybys rather than orbiters? | | It was easier for data to be radioed back to Earth with flybys than orbiters. | | | Each individual spacecraft was able to visit more than one planet. | | | Spacecraft making flybys can return to Earth more quickly than orbiters. | | | Flyby spacecraft can get closer to a planet than an orbiting spacecraft. |
2 points
QUESTION 3 1. Which of the following statements about the recently-discovered object Eris is not true? | | It orbits the Sun in the same direction as the other planets. | | | It lies well beyond Pluto and Neptune. | | | It is thought to be the first example of a new class of object. | | | It is slightly larger than Pluto. |
2 points
QUESTION 4 1. Imagine that an alien spaceship crashed onto Earth. Which statement would most likely be true? | | The crash would create a noticeable crater. | | | The aliens' home world is another planet in our own solar system. | | | All the evidence of the crash would be quickly whisked off by the U.S. military to Area 51 in Nevada. | | | It would crash in the ocean. |
2 points
QUESTION 5 1. Venus has a higher average surface temperature than Mercury. Why? | | Because it is closer to the Sun. | | | Because its surface is heated by an extreme greenhouse effect. | | | Because its surface is covered with hot lava from numerous active volcanoes. | | | Because its slow rotation gives it more time to heat up in sunlight. |
2 points
QUESTION 6 1. Which of the following is not a real difference between asteroids and comets? | | Most asteroids are located much nearer to the Sun than most comets. | | | It is thought that comets are far more numerous than asteroids. | | | Asteroids orbit the Sun while comets just float randomly around in the Oort cloud. | | | Asteroids are made mostly of rock and comets are made mostly of ice. |
2 points
QUESTION 7 1. Einstein's famous equation, E=mc 2, explains the fact that __________. | | the Sun is extremely massive | | | the Sun generates energy to shine by losing some 4 million tons of mass each second | | | the Sun's surface temperature is about 6,000 C | | | the Sun has a magnetic field strong enough influence the atmospheres of the planets |
2 points
QUESTION 8 1. Consider the following statement: "Rocky asteroids are found primarily in the asteroid belt and Kuiper belt while icy comets are found primarily in the Oort cloud." What's wrong with this statement? | | Comets are not really icy. | | | The statement is accurate as written. | | | The Kuiper belt contains icy comets, not rocky asteroids. | | | Asteroids are not really made of rock. | | | The Oort cloud has nothing to do with comets. |
2 points
QUESTION 9 1. Which of the following is not a major pattern of motion in the solar system? | | All of the planets orbit the Sun in the same direction - counterclockwise as viewed from above Earth's north pole. | | | Most of the solar system's large moons orbit in their planet's equatorial plane. | | | Nearly all comets orbit the Sun in same direction and roughly the same plane. | | | The Sun and most of the planets rotate in the same direction in which the planets orbit the Sun. |
2 points
QUESTION 10 1. Mars has two moons that are most similar in character to: | | small asteroids | | | comets. | | | Earth's Moon | | | particles in the rings of Saturn |

QUESTION 11 1. The following statements are all true. Which one counts as an "exception to the rule" in being unusual for our solar system? | | Venus does not have a moon. | | | Jupiter has a very small axis tilt. | | | The diameter of Earth's Moon is about 1/4 that of Earth. | | | Saturn has no solid surface. |

QUESTION 12 1. Which planet listed below has the most extreme seasons? | | Mars | | | Uranus | | | Earth | | | Jupiter |

QUESTION 13 1. In what way is Venus most similar to Earth? | | Both planets have very similar atmospheres. | | | Both planets are nearly the same size. | | | Both planets have warm days and cool nights. | | | Both planets have similar surface geology.QUESTION 9 1. In what way is Pluto more like a comet than a planet? | | It has a long tail. | | | It is made mostly of rock and ice. | | | It has a moon. | | | It sometimes enters the inner solar system. | |

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