...2 SYSTEM ANALYSIS - Provide an introductory paragraph that will give the reader an overview on the contents of this chapter. Analysis of the Existing System * Discuss in detail the functions of the existing system used by the company including its strengths and weaknesses. * Provide the Data Flow Diagram (DFD) that illustrates the flow of data and information used in the existing system. * For the DFD include only the Context Diagram and Level 0. Level n could be seen if it will undergo changes in the new system. Take note of the balancing rule (balance inputs and outputs when decomposing a process) New System * Data/information gathering-methods and analysis of result * Discuss the needed input and output requirements of the new system. * Discuss the changes and improvements in the basic operations of the old system. * Functions, features, modules that indicate how the existing system’s weakness and problems can be solved and strengths maintained. * Provide the Data Flow Diagram (DFD) that illustrates the flow of data and information used in the new system. All levels must be included * Discuss the major processes involved in the system/software. System Requirements - Discuss the minimum hardware requirements. - Provide a table for the hardware requirements. - Discuss the basis for the selection of the technology used for the system. Table...
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...Current Research on Automated Essay Grading Salvatore Valenti, Francesca Neri and Alessandro Cucchiarelli DIIGA - Universita’ Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy valenti@inform.unian.it neri@inform.unian.it alex@inform.unian.it Executive Summary Essays are considered by many researchers as the most useful tool to assess learning outcomes, implying the ability to recall, organize and integrate ideas, the ability to express oneself in writing and the ability to supply merely than identify interpretation and application of data. It is in the measurement of such outcomes, corresponding to the evaluation and synthesis levels of the Bloom’s (1956) taxonomy that the essay questions serve their most useful purpose. One of the difficulties of grading essays is represented by the perceived subjectivity of the grading process. Many researchers claim that the subjective nature of essay assessment leads to variation in grades awarded by different human assessors, which is perceived by students as a great source of unfairness. This issue may be faced through the adoption of automated assessment tools for essays. A system for automated assessment would at least be consistent in the way it scores essays, and enormous cost and time savings could be achieved if the system can be shown to grade essays within the range of those awarded by human assessors. This paper presents an overview of current approaches to the automated assessment of free text answers. Ten systems, currently available...
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...Topic: “The effects of road traffic congestion on residential decision- making of inhabitants of the city of Accra- A case study of communities along three congested routes” Transportation is essentially a response to the mobility needs of people, and this must be done in a timely fashion in order for people to realize its full benefits. Consequently, transportation plays a crucial role in the socio-economic and politico-cultural development of people and their communities. However, there are some related problems (such as congestion, mobility gaps, urban sprawl, and emissions amongst others) that come with it. In Ghana, transportation is almost synonymous with road transport as it is the major means by which peoples’ mobility needs are answered on daily basis. Road traffic congestion in the city of Accra has almost become an’ acceptable norm’ since residents have to live with this phenomenon every passing day of their lives. The factors responsible for this trend are as follows: growth in the population of Accra over the last 15 years (and this has been estimated to double in the next 20 years) associated with a continuing trend of reduction in population density; expansion in built-up area; growth in per capital income (which has also been estimated to have increased five folds over the last 15 years) with a concomitant increase in car ownership. Currently over 70% of major roads in Accra and Kumasi-the two biggest cities in the country- are said to be congested and should the...
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...for an upgrade to the system. After researching ways to do this, I ran across software that works with Oracle which allows product to be entered through verbally. Baker & Taylor began binding and publishing books in 1828. They made sure their books made it onto library and store shelves and into readers' hands. Baker & Taylor has been in business for over 180 years and is the world's largest distributor of books and entertainment. They are a well known supplier of paper and digital books to libraries and they primarily serve two types of markets. The first market involves the core business of distributing books, videos, and music, as well as providing value services to thousands of school, public, and specialty libraries worldwide. The second market is the firm's retail unit supplies storefront and Internet book and music retailers, as well as independent booksellers, with a million book titles and about 385,000 DVD and CD titles. Voice technology also answers the need to increase worker productivity. This technology—in which a computer is able to identify speech as well as give "spoken" instructions—is muscling its way into the warehouse because it frees up workers' hands so their workflow is uninterrupted while they communicate with a computer. This technology improves such operations as parts inspection, putaway and order selection. Typically, it's used with an order management or warehouse management system (WMS). It takes data from these systems, synthesizes it into...
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...Summary Automated vs. Manual Warehouses: A Different Way of Thinking About ROI This summary illustrates the differences between an automated warehouse and a manual warehouse by giving the advantages and disadvantages of both methods. Automated warehouses use sortation devices, retrieval systems and several other automated solutions. In contrast, Physical employees play a bigger part in a manual warehouse, by picking locations and goods and moving them to the delivery dock. Automated solutions are generally more popular in Germany and Japan than in America and the UK, mainly because America and the UK tend to focus more on the shorter payback period of a manual system. The payback period of an automated warehouse, on the other hand, is commonly around five years. Although an automated system increases (market) risks, the costs to perform logistic tasks decrease significantly. However, automated warehouses are not as flexible as manual warehouses because manual solutions make it easier to add or remove new services. In contrast, adding or removing new services is more difficult and more costly in an automated system. Moreover, manual systems can recover quicker from a poor supply chain design than the automated counterpart. This risk concerning supply chain design is important to keep in mind when one wants an automated system with a high throughput flow. When a company builds an automated warehouse, they should make sure they have good overall visibility to deliveries. This...
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...are not yet using computerized based grading system has difficulty/problems concerning the records of grades of the students. The grades are the important record to keep even for the longest time for the referral and credentials of the student to enter their next level of attaining their goals. It is the tract record that recognizes of one student, this maybe use for analyzing of your attitude and values. Manual computation is very prompt to risk for any circumstances. It is time consuming in terms of recording grades, computation using of calculator. If some records are lost, they never retrieve it in case of unexpected calamity. Accuracy and security is not been so defined. Grading System is the most commonly used in computing and analyzing the performance, talent and skills of students. It is designed to provide incentive reward for achievement and assist in identifying problems of the student. The Computerized Grading System will help both the faculty staffs and the students to have easy access on the records and past records, the easier way. The said system will also lessen the staffs on consuming too much time recording and effort locating records of the students. It will also be connected to the schools’ website (if there is), for the students, so they can check their grades online. The staff in charge will do updating of grades. The Computerized Grading System will also be a convenience for the professors...
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...Computers: Grading By JOHN MARKOFF Published: April 4, 2013 Imagine taking a college exam, and, instead of handing in a blue book and getting a grade from a professor a few weeks later, clicking the “send” button when you are done and receiving a grade back instantly, your essay scored by a software program. And then, instead of being done with that exam, imagine that the system would immediately let you rewrite the test to try to improve your grade. EdX, the nonprofit enterprise founded by Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to offer courses on the Internet, has just introduced such a system and will make its automated software available free on the Web to any institution that wants to use it. The software uses artificial intelligence to grade student essays and short written answers, freeing professors for other tasks. The new service will bring the educational consortium into a growing conflict over the role of automation in education. Although automated grading systems for multiple-choice and true-false tests are now widespread, the use of artificial intelligence technology to grade essay answers has not yet received widespread endorsement by educators and has many critics. Anant Agarwal, an electrical engineer who is president of EdX, predicted that the instant-grading software would be a useful pedagogical tool, enabling students to take tests and write essays over and over and improve the quality of their answers. He said the technology would offer...
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...Case Study 11: Should a Computer Grade Your Essays? The case study discusses the April 2013 launch of Harvard/MIT’s joint venture MOOC (massively open online course) essay scoring program, utilizing AI (artificial intelligence) technology to grade educational essays and short answers, with immediate feedback and ability to revise, resubmit, and improve grades. In 2012, a group of colleagues, Les Perleman, Mark Shermis, and Ben Hamner, introduced over 16,000, K7-12 standardized school tests to the AES (automated essay scoring software) to compare results of hand-scored essays; the results appeared to produce a more accurate grade, however, no official statistical studies were performed to accurately maintain the claim. Essay Raters (e-Rater), developed by the Educational Testing Service (ETS), allowed Perelman to access, and analyze the technology. ETS uses vocabulary and content to score criteria, such as essay length, conjunctive adverb usage, and large word usage, in combination with paper and word length, words per sentence, and word complexity. The downside is the programs’ inability to differentiate factual from nonfactual information, intent, or meaning. Some educators banned to form the group, Professionals Against Machine Scoring of Student Essays in High-Stakes Assessment; they are concerned educators will reduce writing standards to conform to software constraints. Laudon & Laudon further discuss the probability of lost jobs due to computers taking the...
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...Research Used Data Gathering Instrument Analytical Tools Method Used in Developing the System Justification of Methods Used Method Used for Product Evaluation Chapter 4 Presentation of Data, Software Product, Analysis and Interpretation The Existing System The Need to Develop the Proposed System The Objective of the Proposed System The Prospective Users and Beneficiaries The Components of the Proposed System System Development Implementation of the Proposed Software Product Evaluation Chapter 5 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation Summary Conclusion Recommendation Appendixes Interview Guide Questionnaire Evaluation Data Flow Diagram Visual Table of Content (VTOC) Input Process Output (IPO) Program Flowchart T-test Computation Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) User’s Manual Program Listing Sample Output Curriculum Vitae COLLEGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SAMAR COLLEGE AUTOMATED GRADING SYSTEM A proposal presented to the Faculty of the College of Information Technology Education Samar College In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Information Technology By Xenia M. Mabanan Deoscoro T. Astorga III Marc Angelo P. Lorente Bartolome B. Latigar Ma.Rizza P. Toling March 2013 Chapter 1 Introduction Grading System is designed to provide incentive reward for...
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...Overview of Automated Grading Systems If bridges and buildings were made like we make software, then we would have disasters happening daily. I have heard this several times from many people. It is sad but true. Buggy software is the bane of the software industry. One of the ways of increasing software quality is by proper education. Several professionals from the software industry also attest to this. They believe that a greater emphasis should be given to quality and testing in university courses. But simply explaining the principles of software quality is not sufficient. Students tend to forget theoretical principles over time. Practical exposure and experience is equally important. Students should be put in an environment where they can appreciate the importance of quality software and can experience the benefits of processes that enhance quality. Many universities have a period of internship for the students in which they work in a software company and experience these factors first hand. However because the internship usually is of a duration of 3-6 months, it is not sufficient to instill the importance of quality. Emphasis on code quality should be made a part of the entire software curriculum for it to have proper impact. Every assignment that the students submit should be subjected to the same quality standards that an industrial project would be subjected to. Having university assignments adhere to industrial standards will result in the faculty having to spend...
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...Advantages of Automated Essay Scoring (AES) Systems One of the biggest advantages of an AES is that a student receives quick feedback. An AES provides feedback to a student almost instantaneously with submission in most cases. Especially in large classes the speed of feedback is far superior to that of human graders. This is one reason why so many computer science instructors have created homegrown AES systems to grade introductory computer programming courses. Grading of programming is tedious and can be handled much more quickly and efficiently by an AES. Quick feedback is vital and often listed as a best practice for teaching and often recognized as being essential in student motivation to learn (Barker, 2011). In distance education where interaction with an instructor may be minimal or sporadic the use of an AES can not only score essays but tutor the student as well (Duwairi, 2006). Besides speed of feedback an AES system can also provide consistency in grading, cost-savings for the educational institution, time-savings for the instructor, and reduced error in scoring. Time and date of submission is recorded automatically, and since computers can only be objective no personal bias in grading is possible (Olivier, Herson & Sosabowski, 2001). Another AES benefit is its ability to act as a plagiarism detector. In one study an AES discovered an extremely high rate of plagiarism finding that 98 out of 712 assignments were copied from another student’s work (Cheang...
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...with each other. Implications are discussed for incorporating automatic essay scoring in more general forms of educational technology. 1. Introduction While writing is an essential part of the educational process, many instructors find it difficult to incorporate large numbers of writing assignments in their courses due to the effort required to evaluate them. However, the ability to convey information verbally is an important educational achievement in its own right, and one that is not sufficiently well assessed by other kinds of tests. In addition, essay-based testing is thought to encourage a better conceptual understanding of the material and to reflect a deeper, more useful level of knowledge and application by students. Thus grading and commenting on written texts is important not only as an assessment method, but also as a...
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...COMPUTERIZED GRADING SYSTEM WITH SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE SYSTEM FOR BAMBANG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL A Capstone Project Presented to the Faculty of the Information and Communication Technology Department Nueva Vizcaya State University Bambang Campus Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya In Partial fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology By: Von Kaiser O. Lictao Lyzeth M. Raneses Vangeline M. Dasalla Krisna M. Martin March S.Y. 2015-2016 Table of Contents Title Page ii Table of Contents iii List of Figures iv List of Tables v Chapter I. The Problem and its Background Introduction 1 Scope and Limitation 5 Objectives of the Project 6 Significance of the Project 7 Chapter II. Review of Related Literature and Studies Theoretical Framework Related Literature Related Studies Synthesis Chapter III. Technical Background Technicality of the Project Details of the technologies to be used How the project will work Chapter IV. Methodology * Environment * Locale * Population of the Study * Organizational Chart/Profile * Requirements Specification * Operational Feasibility * Fishbone Diagram * Functional Decomposition Diagram * Technical Feasibility * Compatibility Checking * Relevance of the Technologies * Schedule Feasibility * Gantt Chart * Economic Feasibility * Cost and Benefit Analysis ...
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...Introduction The Botswana Star Grading System is used to differentiate the various quality levels of accommodation establishments, it provides judgements on the amenities, facilities and services of particular accommodation in a way that enables travellers to choose the quality of accommodation they want. The system is mandatory for all types of enterprises. The system applies objectivity obtained from the Grading standards and subjectivity obtained from the Grading Criteria. It is the combination of these two documentations that evaluate whether the establishment is fit for purpose as intended, thus ensuring an accommodation establishment qualifies for a Star Grading having achieved an acceptable average score. Our Grading System Grading student work is part of the Teaching Faculty's role and plays an important part in the assessment and evaluative function of teaching. You will assess student progress in your course by collecting evidence of what your students can do. The assignments detailed in your course syllabus will be completed by students and graded by you. These graded assignments (as well as more informal and non-graded assessments) will provide both you and your students with periodic benchmarks and final evaluations of student learning in your course. The required assessments/assignments for your course are delineated in the course guide. Students MUST complete each of these assignments and they cannot be revised. A percentage of the course has been allotted...
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...INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CAPSTONE PROJECT PROPOSAL The proposed software consists of the following modules: Security This module will focus with system’s security from unauthorized user. The system will require the user to log-in using the following: for the administrator he/she will just enter his/her password, for employees it would be their employee number, for the teachers it would be their employee number, and for students their student number, they are allowed to set their own password upon creating of their account. In case the user forgot his/her password, the forgot password module will be responsible for retrieving the password. The user will answer a secret question, answering it correctly will allow the user to change his/her forgotten password. Password counter will determine the number of times for logging-in, if the user exceeds to the given number of times to log-in, the system will automatically close. There are four levels of access. The first level is the Administrator which is principal, he/she will have full access to the system such as creating of accounts for staff and teachers, registration and verification of accounts, arrangement of all subjects, report, maintenance and etc. the second level is the Staff, they are responsible for creating the student’s account, the payments and transaction, printing of reports, and search are the module that he/she can access, the third level is the Faculty members, he/she is responsible in the...
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