...The automobile industry is a giant, serving both public and private sectors of the economy and consuming enumerable amounts of goods used in production, accounting for numerous additional jobs. The complexity of the industry has grown over the years along with the complexity of the products it produces. New means of advertising and other market strategies further complicate this already hugely intricate industry. On top of this, the industry continues to evolve on an almost yearly basis with the introduction of new “essential standard features” that one would not have even considered putting in a car five years earlier. Despite it’s relatively recent rapid growth in the past 100 years, the automobile industry, had a somewhat slower start. Once the industry was set in motion it unquestionably continued to grow and develop amazing machines that provide a great service to society and a great profit to its manufactures, but the first 130 years the automobile industry took to establish itself as an important part of the economy are just as important to fully understand the industry. The first self-propelled street vehicle was invented by the French engineer and mechanic, Nicolas Joseph Cugnot, in 1769. It was a military tractor used by the French army to haul artillery. It was destroyed later that same year in what is considered the first automobile accident; it crashed into a wall.2 The engine, like most of its time, was steam powered. Steam was the main source of power...
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...I chose the automobile industry because I feel that it is one of the largest and most innovative industries. The automobile industry is forever growing and forever changing. The history of the automobile begins as early as 1769, with the creation of steam engine automobiles capable of human transport. In 1806, the first cars powered by an internal combustion engine running on fuel gas led to the modern gasoline- or petrol-fueled internal combustion engine. The early history of the automobile can be divided into a number of eras, based on the prevalent method of automotive propulsion during that time. Ferdinand Verbiest, a member of a Jesuit mission in China, built the first steam-powered vehicle around 1672. By 1784, William Murdoch had built a working model of a steam carriage in Redruth, and in 1801 Richard Trevithick was running a full-sized vehicle on the road in Camborne. In Russia in the 1780s, Ivan Kulibin started working on a human pedalled carriage with a steam engine. He finished working on it in 1791.The first automobile patent in the United States was granted to Oliver Evans in 1789. In 1805, Evans demonstrated his first successful self-propelled vehicle, which not only was the first automobile in the USA, but was also the first amphibious vehicle. His steam-powered vehicle was able to travel on the road, on land, and via a paddle wheel in the water. What some people define as the first "real" automobile was produced by Amédée Bollée in 1873, who built self-propelled...
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...Automobile Industry in India: The Automobile industry in India is one of the largest in the world and one of the fastest growing globally. India manufactures over 11 million vehicles (including 2 wheeled and 4 wheeled) and exports about 1.5 million every year. It is the world's second largest manufacturer of motorcycles and India's passenger car and commercial vehicle manufacturing industry is the seventh largest in the world. The Indian Automobile Industry has evolved in 3 phases: Tata Motors: Tata Motors Limited is India's largest automobile company with presence across the length and breadth of India and through its subsidiaries and associate companies, Tata Motors has operations in the UK, South Korea, Thailand, Spain and South Africa. Among them is Jaguar Land Rover, a business comprising the two iconic British brands that was acquired in 2008. The foundation of the company's growth over the last 65 years is a deep understanding of economic stimuli and customer needs, and the ability to translate them into customer-desired offerings through leading edge R&D. With over 4,500 engineers and scientists, the company's Engineering Research Centre, established in 1966, has enabled pioneering technologies and products. In January 2008, Tata Motors unveiled its People's Car, the Tata Nano, which India and the world have been looking forward to. Tata Motors is equally focused on environment-friendly technologies in emissions and alternative fuels. It has developed electric...
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...UK Automobile Industry 1. Wikipedia : Primary categories : Sports and luxury end cars – Aston Martin, Bentley, Daimler, Jaguar, Rolls-Royce etc Volume Car Makers – Nissan, Honda, Toyota etc Commercial Manufacturers – Ford, Leyland, London Taxis International etc Back in 1950 , UK was the second largest car manufacturer and exporter after USA. Subsequently over some decades slowed down and was then ranked on the 12th spot with immense competition from nations like France, Germany and Japan\. Late 80’s many of the British marques were bought over by foreign companies 2. http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/cars/article-2524573/Can-motor-industry-continue-fifth-gear-race-ahead-2014.html The latest UK car manufacturing figures showed that 1,286,287 motors were produced in the first 11 months of the year, a rise of 5.4 per cent compared to last year with sales also up by an impressive 9.9 per cent. Of the five major European car markets – Britain, France, Germany, Italy and Spain – only Britain has seen growth in the new car market this year. The rate of growth depends principally on when the car manufacturers pull back on the cheap credit that is currently pump-priming the market. If this cheap credit remains available throughout next year then there is an increasing risk of oversupply of new cars which could raise anxiety regarding a potential shock fall in used car residual values.’ Political Economic Payment Protection insurance payouts Cheap financing ...
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...ANALYSIS OF THE INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY SUBMITTED BY : ANIKET SHARMA ROLL NO. 45 PG-C INTRODUCTION The Indian automotive industry has emerged as a 'sunrise sector' in the Indian economy. India is emerging as one of the world's fastest growing passenger car markets and second largest two wheeler manufacturer. It is also home for the largest motor cycle manufacturer and fifth largest commercial vehicle manufacturer. India is emerging as an export hub for sports utility vehicles (SUVs). The global automobile majors are looking to leverage India's cost-competitive manufacturing practices and are assessing opportunities to export SUVs to Europe, South Africa and Southeast Asia. India can emerge as a supply hub to feed the world demand for SUVs. India also has the largest base to export compact cars to Europe. Moreover, hybrid and electronic vehicles are new developments on the automobile canvas and India is one of the key markets for them. Global and Indian manufacturers are focussing their efforts to develop innovative products, technologies and supply chains. The automotive plants of global automakers in India rank among the top across the world in terms of their productivity and quality. Top auto multinational companies (MNCs) like Hyundai, Toyota and Suzuki rank their Indian production facilities right on top of their global pecking order. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS & INVESTMENTS * Yamaha Motor Co (YMC) has announced to set up its fifth global research and...
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...dominated Car Industry from 1940s to mid 80s. * In 1955 Royal Enfield from UK was the first company to export motorcycle to India. This happened due to the requirement of rough, strong motorcycle by Indian Army. Bullet and Rajdoot were 2 dominating motorcycles in India before liberalization. Among Scooters Bajaj Chetak and LML Vespa were popular. Over the last 20 years, Indian Auto industry has got the global business opportunities to grow and at the same time there have been threats from giant global competitors. * From the above figure we can prominently observe that Globalization has attracted many foreign brands to India, but we are lagging in producing indigenous vehicles. We have only 3 or 4 major companies producing indigenous cars. (Mahindra, HM, Tata Motors, Force Motors). Role of Policy Reforms over last 20 years: * Decrease in import restrictions and reduced tariff levels. * Smooth licensing and approval process to encourage FDI in automobile sector. * Robust legal system and stable foreign exchange regime. FDI and cross border trade has accelerated since 1991 in many industries including automobile sector. The WTO has been facilitating trade and investment liberalization. Availability of skilled and low cost labour has made foreign countries to invest in emerging countries like India. Government has promoted NATRIP (National Automotive Testing and R & D Infrastructure Project) to increase the growth of automobile industry in India...
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...become too complex mainly due to the increased globalization and therefore has to be understood thoroughly for the continuous operation of the business. This outline report explains the business environment of automobile industry in the People’s Republic of China in terms of political, legal, economic, and cultural and ethical traditions. Political 1. Encourage the Automobile Industry Development Policies Having struck by the world-wide financial crisis, the global automobile market currently is facing severe situations. In order to revive the automobile market, the State Department decides to reduce the vehicle purchase tax. This policy will play a major role in raising automobile consumption market while effectively encourage automobile purchase, expanding domestic demands as well as facilitating the steady and rapid development of domestic automobile industry. 2. China’s Road Construction Policy In order to maintain the automobile market to develop, the government enhances plans to provide priority to the construction of express highways and accelerating the construction of the National Express Highway. The ministry is also promoting the integration of unconnected roads. Legal 1. Legal provision relating to environmental population by automobiles and safety measures. 2. Intentions on harmonizing the regulatory standards with the rest of the world. Economic 1. Rapid Development of Economy The economy of the People’s Republic of China(PRC) is the...
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...AUTOMOBILES. *There are basically 2 types of engines. 2 stroke- has a cycle of 2 processes suction and exhaust 4 stroke- has a cycle of 4 processes namely (suction, expansion, compression, exhaust) *The various types of engines used in cars are In line engine configuration (mostly all the cars of maruti,Hyundai tata etc in india have this ) V6, V8, V10,V12 and W12 Automobile scenario in india 5 main leadings companies Maruti Suzuki Hyundai Tata mototrs Mahindra Hero Honda India has the 9th largest automobile industry 2nd largest 2 wheeler market 4th largest in heavy trucks Monthly sales of passenger cars in almost 100,000 units TATA MOTORS Slogan of tata motors “more car per car” Popular vehicles; indica, indigo, indigo manza, indicab (nano the latest invention), sumo(gold/victa) , Safari Tata motors lost its share mainly to VW and ord during 2010- 11 Various configs of the engines CRDI- common rail diesel injection DICOR- diesel on common rail system Quadrajet VVT- variable valve timing(petrol engines ) CVT- constant variable transmission All the engines of tata cars for diesel variant are manufactured by “FIAT” Market share of TATA motors is almost 31% with the major ruler being “Maruti” followed by Hyundai. Common engine parts in cars Radiator- used to cool the engine when overheated Turbo charger- used in almost all diesel variant cars to boost the pickup of the car, by increasing the torque Crankshaft- connected to the flywheel of the...
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...In The US Automobile Industry US automobile industry started booming after the recession and became an important part of the US economy. Low interest rate, cheap gas price, and new technologies of car influence buyers to get a new car. The US automobile industry consists of almost 200 companies and their annual revenue is about 280 billion (Automobile Manufacturing, n.d.). Last year US automobile industry sold record 17.5 million cars and trucks, which is a 5.7% increase from 2014 fiscal year (Spector, Bennett, & Stoll, 2016). The top four US automobile manufacturers are General motors, Toyota, Ford, and Chrysler, who account for about 70% of the total automobile sales. US based automakers face rivalry problems with foreign companies such as Toyota, Honda, and Nissan because of their cheap labor cost and no union problem. However, these companies also have their assembly lines in US, and hold around 45% of the US auto industry. US automakers are also taking advantage of NAFTA by assembling autoes in Mexico and Canada with lower labor costs (Automobile Manufacturing, n.d.). Usually 75% of the materials account for the selling price of a US made car. US companies have also increased importation of parts from abroad which helps them increase their profitability. Features like extended warranty, extended service plan, safety features, and fuel efficiency help attract consumers and increase sales. US retail sales have increased 7.00% in 2015 (Automobile Manufacturing, n...
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...Analysis of Pakistani Automobile Industry Introduction The dictionary says that an automobile is a land vehicle equipped to carry a driver and several passengers, generally moving on four wheels and boosted by an engine that burns gasoline, and the companies that manufacture these automobiles are categorized under the automobile industry. So simple it seems. However, in the real substance, automobiles and the auto sector mean much more than this. It represents mobility, transportation and communication. It represents an industry that has a strong impact on a dozen other sectors like steel, vending, petrol or even employment. Hence auto sales reflect not only the basic human desire for mobility but these are also an important economic indicator. Historical overview of automobile industry of Pakistan When Pakistan was established in 1947, there were neither any automobile assembly plants nor any industrial capability available for this important manufacturing of cars, Light commercial vehicles, motorcycles, trucks and buses. In 1953 Pakistan produced its first vehicle in, the Bedford trucks, under the banner of National Motors, which went on to produce about 80% of the country’s automobiles in the 60’s. In Mid 1950’s Naya Daur Motors established the first ever plant to assemble trucks and buses. In 1983 Suzuki commenced assembly of FX 800cc. In 1986 Hinopak started assembling operations in 1986 and is the market leader in the commercial vehicles segment, currently possessing...
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...India Commercial Vehicle Summit 2013 4th - 5th April, [Westin Hotel, Koregoan Park]Pune, India Company Name Name Job Title A Raymond Fasteners India Private Limited A Raymond Fasteners India Private Limited A Raymond Fasteners India Private Limited Alicon Castalloy Limited Allied Nippon Limited Allied Nippon Limited Allied Nippon Limited Alpha Drivers R and D Center Alpha Drivers R and D Center AMW Motors Limited AMW Motors Limited AMW Motors Limited AMW Motors Limited AMW Motors Limited Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Corporation Limited (JAC Motors) Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Corporation Limited (JAC Motors) Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Corporation Limited (JAC Motors) Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Corporation Limited (JAC Motors) Arai Arai Ashok Leyland Limited Ashok Leyland Limited Manish PADHARIA Pankaj GAUTAM Shibu APPUNNI Shekhar DRAVID Anand PATIL Devender KUMAR N C AGARWAL David JACKSON Suresh WILLIAMS Anurag KHARGONKAR Dhananjay KALE Jitendra JASANI Shamprasad PONKSHE Vivek SONAR K Chandra SEKHAR K Venkat RAO S Ravindra BABU Henry XIA Jack ZHANG Jina KANG Jina KANG D J KULKARNI M R SARAF Hitesh SHARMA Nitin KARULKAR Managing Director Area Manager Assistant Manager – Business Development Vice President - Business Development Assistant General Manager - Marketing General Manager (Marketing) President and Chief Executive Officer...
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...The world automobile industry has experienced low profitability during the past two decades. What features of the industry have caused intensive competition and low profitability? Value of a product To run an industry, or more specifically, a company operating within an industry, it is a must to gain profits over the products. Profits keep the company’s expenses going while leaving enough on the table to meet the future demands. Until and unless the company receives profits on its products, it cannot invest in further endeavors and would probably start falling backwards. The path towards growth and expansion would become rocky and impossible to cross by the company. Hence, the end result would be the company to wind-up its activities or get sold to someone who can make better use of the company. Profits start coming in with products that prove valuable to the customers. Value of a product is determined by the customer’s approach towards a product. A product that the customer is willing to spend his money on thinking that it will solve his problem, or would be helpful in solving the problem. When a customer believes in a product to be helpful for him, he willingly agrees to pay more than the costs incurred in the manufacturing, or production of the product. But value does not directly counts as a profit for the company that is manufacturing the product. The superfluous of value over the cost incurred in the manufacturing of the product gets divided among the consumers and...
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...Introduction Automobiles industry produces automobiles and other gasoline-powered vehicles, such as cars, buses, trucks, and motorcycles. The automobile industry is one of the most important industries in the world, affecting not only the economy but also the cultures of the world. The automobile industry is considered the single largest manufacturing sector in the world (Turnbull et al., 1992). It provides jobs for millions of people, generates billions of dollars in worldwide revenues, and provides the basis for a multitude of related service and support industries. Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20th century, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. The energy that automobile industry use to produce vehicles will result carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions which the most significant of the green house gases(GHG). Historian Mark Foster has estimated that “fully one-third of the total environmental damage caused by automobiles occurred before they were sold and driven.” He cited a study that estimated that fabricating one car produced 29 tons of waste and 1,207 million cubic yards of polluted air. Extracting iron ore, bauxite, petroleum, copper, lead, and a variety of other raw materials to process steel, aluminum, plastics, glass, rubber, and other products necessary to construct automobiles consumes limited resources, uses great amounts of energy, and has serious environmental repercussions. Nowadays, environmental problems are becoming...
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...Introduction Automobiles industry produces automobiles and other gasoline-powered vehicles, such as cars, buses, trucks, and motorcycles. The automobile industry is one of the most important industries in the world, affecting not only the economy but also the cultures of the world. The automobile industry is considered the single largest manufacturing sector in the world (Turnbull et al., 1992). It provides jobs for millions of people, generates billions of dollars in worldwide revenues, and provides the basis for a multitude of related service and support industries. Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20th century, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. The energy that automobile industry use to produce vehicles will result carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions which the most significant of the green house gases(GHG). Historian Mark Foster has estimated that “fully one-third of the total environmental damage caused by automobiles occurred before they were sold and driven.” He cited a study that estimated that fabricating one car produced 29 tons of waste and 1,207 million cubic yards of polluted air. Extracting iron ore, bauxite, petroleum, copper, lead, and a variety of other raw materials to process steel, aluminum, plastics, glass, rubber, and other products necessary to construct automobiles consumes limited resources, uses great amounts of energy, and has serious environmental repercussions. Nowadays, environmental problems are becoming...
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...Automobile Industry in UK - An Internal and External environmental study Introduction: The automobile sector in United Kingdom (UK) is very vibrant and innovative with Seven commercial vehicle manufacturers, nine bus and coach manufacturers, eight major premium and sports car producers, seven mainstream cars manufacturers; eight formula one teams; thirteen R&D centers; and over 100 specialist brands and niche manufacturers. Some of the best premium and sports cars manufactured in UK are Aston Martin, Bentley, Daimler, Jaguar, Lagonda, LandRover, Lotus, McLaren, MG, Mini, Morgan and Rolls-Royce. UK automotive industry is producing over 1.5 million vehicles and 2.5 million engines every year. Another key point about the UK automobile industry is that it exports around 75 % of its production which makes UK the largest exporter of cars in the world. Apart from automobile manufacturing, UK also has notable presence in motorsport industry and auto racing industry. UK motorsport industry contributes with an annual turnover of £6 billion out of which more than 50% is exported with about 4500 companies involved in this industry. UK automobile sector has undergone tremendous change since its inception in the 19th century. From being the second largest manufacturer of cars in the world (next to United States), it went down to be the 14th largest producer of cars by 2012 because of the rising competition from countries like...
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