...BackTrack 5, how to perform stealth actions will be discussed. Why stealth? The objective of penetration testing is to replicate the actions of a malicious attacker. No attacker desires discovery of surreptitious entry into the network, and hence employs stealth techniques to remain unnoticed. The penetration tester needs to adopt the same stealth methods, in order to honestly assess the target network. http://searchsecurity.techtarget.in/tip/BackTrack-5-guide-4-How-to-perform-stealth-actions P a g e |2 Figure 1. The ‘maintaining access’ category in BackTrack 5, with a focus on OS backdoors. This installment of the BackTrack 5 how to tutorial deals with the “Maintaining Access” feature, within which are options for OS backdoors, tunneling and Web backdoors, as shown in Figure 1. OS backdoors > Cymothoa: Cymothoa is a stealth backdooring tool on BackTrack 5 that injects backdoor shell code into an existing process. This tool has been developed by codewizard and crossbower from ElectronicSouls. The general usage option of this tool is as follows: Cymothoa –p -s [options] Cymothoa includes several payloads ready to be used. They are numbered from 0 to 14. The tool has various categories of options, including main options, injection options and payload options. Figure 2 shows Cymothoa in action, affecting port 100 of process 1484, which is a bash process in the system. Figure 2. Running...
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...Saludares Professor Sunio ICS 170 3/6/2015 Week #8 - Chapter 6 Privacy And The Government Synopsis Obama Wants Tech Companies to Install Backdoors for Government Spying Social media apps such as Snapchats and Imessages allow a person to have encrypted messages so that certain individuals are allowed to see. But, the british prime minister David Cameron argues with Barack Obama to remove encryption messaging or allow a “backdoor” method so government agencies can monitor, access private information, or find evidence of terrorist act. This article is related to this chapter because it incorporates government surveillance that is mentioned throughout this weeks chapter. Social Contact Theory As for this theory, people are arguing and complaining that the government is “abusing their power to another level” and people are feeling like it’s corrupted. This theory relates to this article because people must give up sovereignty to the government no matter what. The government rules this country. No matter how much people complain, the government is always spying on everyone, they are the ones monitoring our systems to keep us safe from terrorists. Utilitarianism “There is no back door that only lets good guys go through it,” There’s many views on this situation. For instance, an hackers point of view. Having to create a backdoor in social media apps to reveal encrypted messages for the government can have hackers to exploit them for their own purposes. Since encrypted messages...
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...Common Information Security Threat Name School Class Common Information Security Threat There are hundreds and thousands of different organizations in the world and many of them have similar threats that an organization in the Casino & Resort industry would face. The Casino & Resort industry faces Information Technology threats across the board from external attacks on their website, internal attacks, and data corruption or misuse of data. The majority of companies that exist today would face these same risks due to the use of internet and trying to make everything more convenient for the customer. Computer viruses are an issue for all companies in the world because either they use information systems within their own business or they do business with companies that use information systems. The Resort & Gaming industry deals a tremendous amount with information systems from their Hotel Management System, Ticketing System, Casino System, Point of Sale System, and Food and Beverage System. Not everyone realizes the different systems an organization uses much less the risks that they face. In a twenty-four hour period it is not uncommon for the enterprise anti-virus solution to clean over a thousand threats. These threats could come from email, websites, removable storage devices, or other entry points. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are something that people have to worry about who host websites. DDoS attacks are internet based attacks which flood a system...
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...Aaron McGrew Malware Malware is any software used to disrupt computer operation, gather sensitive information, or gain access to private computer systems. It can appear in the form of executable code, scripts, active content, and other software. Malware is a general term used to refer to a variety of forms of hostile or intrusive software. Malware includes computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, ransom ware, spyware, adware, scare ware, and other malicious programs. As of 2012 approximately 60 to 70 percent of all active malware used some kind of click fraud to monetize their activity. A computer virus is a malware program that, when executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself (possibly modified) into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive; when this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected". Viruses often perform some type of harmful activity on infected hosts, such as stealing hard disk space or CPU time, accessing private information, corrupting data, displaying political or humorous messages on the user's screen, spamming their contacts, or logging their keystrokes. However, not all viruses carry a destructive payload or attempt to hide themselves—the defining characteristic of viruses is that they are self-replicating computer programs which install themselves without the user's consent. For a malicious program to accomplish its goals, it must be able to run without being detected, shut down, or...
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...In The Code Book it gives the example of, "In 1991 the assassins who killed Shahpour Bakhtiar, the exiled former Iranian prime minister, were caught thanks to the interception and backdoor decipherment of Iranian messages encrypted using Crypto AG equipment." As well as, "In 1998, a report by Wayne Madsen revealed that the Swiss cryptographic company Crypto AG had built backdoors into some of its products, and had provided the U.S. Government with details of how to exploit these backdoors. As a result, America was able to read the communications of several countries." In The Dark Game they use, "When the first shot of the Civil War was fired at four thirty in the morning on April 12, 1861, many believed that it would be a short conflict. Even though Fort Sumter had to endure thirty-four hours of Confederate bombardment before the Union surrendered it, the Union enjoyed a number of significant advantages over the...
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...Basics 4 5 6 8 9 10 10 13 20 26 28 36 38 39 40 41 43 45 46 52 Join the GoPro party at facebook.com/gopro to see what other GoPro owners are capturing and sharing. Share your footage and be a part of the GoPro movement! Camera Modes Camera Settings Delete Set Up Wireless Controls Storage/SD Cards System Requirements Transferring Files Playback Battery Life Important Warning Messages Camera Assembly Customer Support 2 3 wear it. MoUnt it. love it. Premium ACCessories hero3 ACCessories Wrist Housing see More at gopro.com mounts + ACCessories LCD Touch BacPac™ Replacement Housing Helmet Front Mount Chest Mount Harness Handlebar/Seatpost/ Pole Mount Surfboard Mounts Rechargeable Li-Ion Battery Floaty Backdoor Battery BacPac™ Lens Replacement Kit Head Strap Suction Cup Mount Vented Helmet Strap Caps + Doors Roll Bar Mount Wi-Fi Remote™ 32GB/16GB microSD™ Tripod Mount Anti-Fog Inserts Grab Bag of Mounts The Frame Mount (HERO3 accessory) More HERO3 accessories available at gopro.com Curved + Flat Adhesive Mounts Side Mount Camera Tethers Wi-Fi Remote Mounting Kit 4 5 Hero3 featUres Hero3 featUres 1. Status Indicator Lights (Red) 2. SHUTTER/SELECT Button 3. LCD Status Screen 4. Wi-Fi Indicator Light (Blue ) 5. POWER/MODE Button 6 6. Micro HDMI Port (Cable not included) 7. microSDTM Card Slot (SD card not included) 8. mini-USB Port (Supports Composite A/C cable/3.5mm stereo mic adapter...
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...Apple refused to unlock an iphone for the FBI. Since the customer does not consent to the release of their digital information, neither the tech company nor the government can release the information. Lastly, major tech companies should not release digital info on their customers because of the dangerous precedent it could set. A one time exception could be referenced infinite times in future court cases.In a recent case Apple refused to unlock an iPhone for this reasoning. In an official statement they said, “But now the U.S. government has asked us for something we simply do not have, and something we consider too dangerous to create. They have asked us to build a backdoor to the iPhone”. This statement by apple illustrates their fear of a reusable backdoor into the iPhone. A backdoor that they believe could be abused by our government. Digital privacy is a new topic that falls into a legal gray area. There is no official stance on whether or not digital data is protected by the fourth amendment. Therefore, it is important for tech companies to be vigilant about prohibiting the release of customer data. The government should not be allowed to use or release customer data because of the fourth amendment, the lack of a customer's consent, and the dangerous precedent it could set. ...
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...inside the gates. The wooden horse was of course filled with hidden warriors, and once inside the gates, they broke out of the horse, and demolished the Trojans. Trojan horse programs work the same way. Trojan horses can destroy files and data, but commonly contain spyware, and even backdoor programs. Trojans are usually contained in software downloads from unknown or untrusted sources. Some people don't consider a trojan horse to be a virus, because it does not reproduce itself as a virus does, however it's ability to destroy files and install programs without the user knowing do indeed make it a virus. When a trojan horse is being used as spyware, it monitors your computer activities, and may even record keystrokes. This information is then sent to a third party, without you being aware of it. It may also cause pop up ads to display on your computer. The real danger is that information such as passwords and credit card and banking information can be delivered to that unknown third party, opening you up for identity theft. When the trojan horse installs a backdoor program, it sends information to the third party, making it possible for hackers to get into your system, via the backdoor, and to use the system just as if it were their own. They will often do this to look around your hard drive for information, but may also use this to send spam with your email client, from your email address. It is important to note that not all hackers are bad. Many of them are quite...
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...Threats to Home Computer Systems I sometimes imagine a way of life as simple as sitting on a rock, watching the sky, tending to a cave. Could there have been anything complicated in those times, many millennia ago? In fact, there was: security. It must have been an enormous stressor to guard your cave dwelling from other primitive beings looking to gain something they were not entitled to. Maybe they suspected personal items such as weaponry or stored food, or to take a peek at your secret glyphs—directions to a source of something valuable. Today, we may not live in caves, and as such our secret information may be stored in sophisticated machinery rather than drawings on cave walls. However, human nature to steal and protect is still as common as it was in early humans. It was not so long ago that the home computer was in its primitive stage. In a few decades, this “advanced typewriter/calculator” has evolved into a way of life, along with its own set of threats to our security. These threats can be categorized as either software or behavioral, and can certainly be combined. Social engineering is a behavioral type of threat. It does not need to apply just to computers. Some social engineers call you on the telephone attempting to get you to reveal personal information, such as your social security number. But this can be done through email, as well. You may think the email is from someone you trust and you respond with information, such as passwords. Passwords, however...
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...There are many potentials security threats on a personal computer. These security threats are harmful to a personal computer because if successfully activated these attackers can retrieve your personal information and use it for their own use. These attacks can also slow down your personal computer and can eventually causing it to crash. If the computer crashes and you don’t have your information backed up somewhere you practically wont be able to retrieve your information. There are techniques that these attackers use to access information on your system. Potential security threats start with people; people who create these threats are to blame. These people are called hackers and predators. Hackers and predators create security threats and malware. They are computer programmers who use these security threats and malware to victimize other people by breaking into their systems to steal, change or destroy information. This is known as cyber-terrorism. Due to these hackers and predators computers are vulnerable at any time. These people create things like. Computer virus threats, Spyware threats, Phishing threats, Internet Worms, Rootkit, Zombies, Browser Hijacker, Email Virus, Mousetrapping, Spam, and Adware. Out of all the computers security threats out there the most well known is computer virus threats. The virus is a program that alters how a computer operates. The virus replicates and executes itself, this usually does damage to your computer. Spyware threats are an undercover...
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...in Europe, primarily in France and Germany, and makes packaged rolled dough, which is used to prepare foods such as quiches, tarts, and pies. The company operates 54 direct-store-delivery bakeries and seven diversifiedproduct specialty bakeries. Sara Lee Bakery Group, Inc. was formerly known as The Earthgrains Company and changed its name in July 2001. The company was founded in 1925 and is based in Saint Louis, Missouri. As of August 14, 2001, Sara Lee Bakery Group, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Hillshire Brands Company located in Saint Louis, MO 63106. (Bloomberg Business Week, 2012) Case Study Background SLBG fresh baked goods were delivered to retailers by direct store delivery. Delivery people stood in line at the retailer’s backdoor to have their deliveries counted. This is what they...
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...Cyber Crime Computer crime encompasses a broad range of activities. Generally, however, it may be divided into two categories: (1) crimes that target computers directly; (2) crimes facilitated by computer networks or devices, the primary target of which is independent of the computer network or device.[citation needed] Crimes that primarily target computer networks or devices include: Computer viruses Denial-of-service attacks Malware (malicious code) Crimes that use computer networks or devices to advance other ends include: Cyberstalking Fraud and identity theft Information warfare Phishing scams Malware From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Beast, a Windows-based backdoorTrojan horse. Malware, short for malicious software, is software used or created to disrupt computer operation, gather sensitive information, or gain access to private computer systems. It can appear in the form of code, scripts, active content, and other software.[1] 'Malware' is a general term used to refer to a variety of forms of hostile, intrusive, or annoying software.[2] Malware includes computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, spyware, adware, and other malicious programs. In law, malware is sometimes known as a computer contaminant, as in the legal codes of several U.S. states.[3][4] Malware is not the same as defective software, which is software that has a legitimate purpose but contains harmful bugs that were not noticed before release. However, some malware...
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...A Brief History “In 1949, Von Neumann established the Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata, where he presented for the first time the possibility of developing small replicating programs able to control other programs with a similar structure In 1959, in Bell Computer’s laboratories, three young programmers: Robert Thomas Morris, Douglas Mcllroy and Victor Vysottsky created a game called CoreWar, based on the theory of Von Neumann and in which programs fought between each other, trying to occupy as much memory as possible and eliminating opposing programs. This game is considered the precursor to computer viruses. In 1972, Robert Thomas Morris created the first virus as such: Creeper, which could infect IBM 360 on the ARPANET (the predecessor of the Internet) and show an on-screen message saying “I’m the creeper, catch me if you can”. To eliminate it, a virus called Reaper was created to search for it and destroy it”…………………...PANDA SECURITY ( 2011) Malware Overview Retrieved from http://www.google.com/images?rlz=1T4ADFA_enUS391US392&q=virus+clipart&um=1&ie=UTF-8&source=univ&sa=X&ei=nOx7TfqZEoXorAGvu5zCBQ&ved=0CDMQsAQ&biw=1174&bih=463 Malicious software, better known as Malware, is the most sophisticated type of threat to a computer system. Malware is simply code that is designed with purpose and intent to destroy, steal, disrupt or damage someone’s data, computer system or network. Malware is software that is written...
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...cheaper than an LRT and he also points out that many “jurisdictions” have up and running cable cars or gondolas and Hamilton is simply behind the time. Some literary proofs that the author used was rhetorical question when he states “what if proponents had simply given up on it?” It is an effective use of a literary proof because it makes the reader think about what he asks, but then he follows it up with an answer. Based on the arguments that the author brought up, the idea of a cable car in the city of Hamilton to bring citizens from the mountain to the lower city, is a valid argument and would also add to the appeal of the city. Apple being “ordered” to provide a backdoor to a terrorist phone and private information. This article is about The FBI and the American government requesting apple to create a backdoor to their security software in order for the authorities to get into the criminals phone. The author is suggesting that this is a violation of privacy for the customers of apple products. The authors main points is that if the company were to create this “hack” for this one phone, that sensitive detail could be leaked. Leading to virtually every apple consumer’s phone being hacked into. Some literary proofs that the author used was cacophony....
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...gopher, FTP and remote administration3. Use client certificate authentication if possible. Next, the application team must ensure that there are no application level vulnerabilities like default credentials, SQL injection, LDAP injection, Cross site scripting, Cross site request forgery (CSRF), Remote File Inclusion or Wordpress TimThumb (using either method an attacker can upload web shell backdoor code4). After application security comes network security, the network team must ensure that unwanted ports and protocols this can be done easily using a firewall. Other types of attacks such as a man in the middle attack can be easily prevented by using public key infrastructure5. DDOS attacks need more handling since DDoS attacks are divided into two general categories: 1) Application Layer 2) Network Layer6. To protect again DDoS attacks the organization may use cloud-based botnet DDoS protection service like Incapsula where malicious requests are automatically filtered out and only legitimate ones are allowed to pass...
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