..."THINK ON THESE THINGS" (Philippians 4:8) A Critique of Telling Yourself the Truth, by William Backus & Marie Chapian and The Lies We Believe, by Chris Thurman Much current "Christian" counseling is heavily rooted in Freud, promoting archaeological digs into the hidden recesses of one's past and strong encouragement to see oneself as a victim of the sins of others. In contrast to this increasingly popular approach, other Christian authors have opted for the cognitive techniques developed primarily by Albert Ellis, founder of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT).1 Two key examples are Telling Yourself the Truth and The Lies We Believe (abbreviated as TYT and LWB). Both Backus and Thurman give credit to Ellis for his ideas. However, it should be noted at the outset that Ellis is an aggressive atheist who believes that religious faith is grounded in "irrational" ideas and is evidence of mental instability. (See Discernment Publications' critique of Ellis in "Exposing the Roots" series.) At first glance, the cognitive approach may appear consistent with biblical teachings about renewal of the mind. Personal responsibility is a critical emphasis, in opposition to the prevalent "victim" theory that permeates too much modern counseling. However, as we shall explore more fully, there is nevertheless a wide chasm between the REBT of Albert Ellis and scriptural truth. In addition to Albert Ellis, Thurman quotes and credits M. Scott Peck, a popular author who espouses New Age theology...
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...presente documento contiene información veraz y suficiente respecto al desarrollo del negocio de Unión de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus y Johnston S.A.A. durante el año 2013. Sin perjuicio de la responsabilidad que le compete al emisor, los firmantes se hacen responsables por su contenido conforme a los dispositivos legales aplicables. Versión Preliminar para aprobación de la Junta Obligatoria Anual de Accionistas 2 Memoria Anual 2013 Índice Carta del Gerente General Carta del Presidente del Directorio Modelo de liderazgo y organización Nuestras cifras Nuestro negocio Nuestras operaciones Nuestra gente Nuestro gobierno corporativo Nuestro compromiso Información general y de operaciones Estados Financieros Principios de Buen Gobierno Corporativo Versión Preliminar para aprobación de la Junta Obligatoria Anual de Accionistas 3 Memoria Anual 2013 Carta del Gerente General Señores accionistas: En el 2013 logramos una participación récord en el mercado de cervezas, 95.8% en volumen y 96.5% en valor, a pesar de haber sido un año lleno de retos y de cambios que afectaron la industria. Factores externos como un menor crecimiento de la economía, el alza del dólar, así como el incremento en el impuesto selectivo al consumo de cerveza hicieron que la industria cervecera decreciera 1.5% en volumen. A pesar de esto, las ventas de Backus y su subsidiaria San Juan se mantuvieron en los mismos niveles que el año anterior y crecieron 3.1% en valor. A inicios del 2013...
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...Comparing Adams with Backus and Chapian Summary How to Help People Change, by Jay Adams, focuses on a counseling theory which emphasizes the vertical relationship between man and God. According to Adams, effective changes cannot occur if the client does not seek to improve his prayer life and seek to become more like Christ in order to gain perspective on their situations which surround them. Adams shares his belief that God must be central to the Christian counseling relationship and that, without room for God, the counseling will be ineffective and useless. To Adams, it is as simple as a matter of the heart involving four steps enforced by the counselor: teaching, conviction, correction, and disciplined training and righteousness. When one seeks knowledge and wisdom from biblical truths, true change can occur. Through each of the steps, a client can learn to recognize what the Bible says and grow in their daily convictions, causing them to desire to live a more Christ centered life, reaching step four which allows for discernment to come into play through discipleship with the counselor. Telling Yourself the Truth provides strategies for someone to accept their current situation, learn their responsibility in it, and redefine the way they think and believe (Backus & Chapian, 2000). The book includes a study guide in order for a person to truly change the way they think while practicing these new concepts/ truths as they read the book. After defining misbeliefs for...
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...A.E. Backus Art Museum Critique Jerry Beasley Martin Davis FINA-180-01A March 22, 2015 I have read and understand the plagiarism policy as outlined in the syllabus and the sections in the Student Bulletin relating to the IWU Honesty/Cheating Policy. By affixing this statement to the title page of my paper, I certify that I have not cheated or plagiarized in the process of completing this assignment. If it is found that cheating and/or plagiarism did take place in the writing of this paper, I understand the possible consequences of the act/s, which could include expulsion from Indiana Wesleyan University. A.E. Backus Art Museum Critique I. A general description of the museum visit The museum is set in a small town in the Treasure Coast area of Florida. It is set on the edge of the Atlantic Ocean which the artist used as his muse in several of his paintings. The first thing that the patrons see when coming into the museum is the collection of art from Backus as a small boy. The patrons are sent into an eye opening wonder of amazement how detailed the paintings were from such a small child. Once you have moved through the small portion of his youth paintings you come to the custodian who handles the admission. She was very nice and polite. She greeted my entire family with a smile and was very helpful when figuring out what we were to be charged for entry. The museum gives very good discounts for those whom are students and those that are on “Art Field Trips”...
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...Theory Critique Two Najah Dail-Harris Liberty University Theory Critique Two Jay E. Adams the author of How to Help People change (1986) created a four step biblical approach to guiding the Christian Counseling process. Adams (1986) centers his biblical approach around the concept of change and derives his theory from Timothy 3:14-17. He believes “all Christian counselors must follow these words if they would help people change in ways that please God” (p.10). Adams (1986) also derives his Christian based theory from the Word and scripture itself. To become an effective Christian counselor, Adams (1986) believes counseling must come from the wisdom of God and the Holy Spirit. If a counselor is to impose change on a counselee one must be aware of the “change that is satisfactory to God, not merely socially good” (Adams, 1986, p.7). Adams (1986) four step biblical process includes: teaching, conviction, correction and disciplined training in righteousness. To prove effective, the process also must be done in that exact order just as the disciple Paul set out. The first step teaching involves the act of teaching counselees biblical principles for living, god’s standards for avoiding sin and teaching within the milieu. The next step conviction, involves “bringing conviction to counselees itself as a part of the ministry of word” (Adams, 1986, p108). Adam believes it important to have the counselee understand the root of their problem; which is sin and change their relationship...
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...Theory Critique Two Najah Dail-Harris Liberty University Theory Critique Two Jay E. Adams the author of How to Help People change (1986) created a four step biblical approach to guiding the Christian Counseling process. Adams (1986) centers his biblical approach around the concept of change and derives his theory from Timothy 3:14-17. He believes “all Christian counselors must follow these words if they would help people change in ways that please God” (p.10). Adams (1986) also derives his Christian based theory from the Word and scripture itself. To become an effective Christian counselor, Adams (1986) believes counseling must come from the wisdom of God and the Holy Spirit. If a counselor is to impose change on a counselee one must be aware of the “change that is satisfactory to God, not merely socially good” (Adams, 1986, p.7). Adams (1986) four step biblical process includes: teaching, conviction, correction and disciplined training in righteousness. To prove effective, the process also must be done in that exact order just as the disciple Paul set out. The first step teaching involves the act of teaching counselees biblical principles for living, god’s standards for avoiding sin and teaching within the milieu. The next step conviction, involves “bringing conviction to counselees itself as a part of the ministry of word” (Adams, 1986, p108). Adam believes it important to have the counselee understand the root of their problem; which is sin and change their relationship...
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...Five popular programing languages: • 1970: o 1970 - Pascal o 1972 - C o 1972 - Smalltalk o 1972 - Prolog o 1973 - ML • 1980: o 1983 - Ada o 1983 - C++ o 1985 - Eiffel o 1987 - Perl o 1989 - FL (Backus) • 1990: o 1990 - Haskell o 1990 - Python o 1991 - Java o 1993 - Ruby o 1994 - PHP o • 2000: o ATS o Boo o C Sharp o Clojure o Cobra Who created this language? • 1970: o Niklaus Wirth o Dennis Ritchie o Alan Kay, Dan Ingalls, Adele Goldberg o Alain Colmerauer o Robin Milner • 1980: o Jean Ichbiah o Bjarne Stroustrup o Bertrand Meyer o Larry Wall o John Backus, John Williams, Edward Wimmers • 1990: o Simon Peyton Jones, Lennart Augustsson, Dave Barton, Brian Boutel, Warren Burton, Joseph Fasel, Kevin Hammond, Ralf Hinze, Paul Hudak, John Hughes, Thomas Johnsson, Mark Jones, John Launchbury, Erik Meijer, John Peterson, Alastair Reid, Colin Runciman, Philip Wadler o Guido van Rossum o James Gosling and Sun Microsystems o Yukihiro Matsumoto o Rasmus Lerdorf • 2000: o Hongwei Xi o Rodrigo B. De Oliveira o Microsoft o Rich Hickey o Charles Esterbrook When was each of these languages created? Was there a specific motivation behind the creation of these languages? If so, what was it? • 1970: o 1970 – Yes, intended to teach students structured programming o 1972 – Yes, designed to be compiled using a relatively straightforward compiler, to provide low-level access to memory, to provide language...
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...Liberty University The Contribution of Baptists in the Struggle for Religious Freedom A Research Paper Submitted to Dr. Jason J. Graffagnino in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Course CHHI 665 Liberty University Baptist Theological Seminary by Brian M. Hyde Lynchburg, Virginia Saturday, December 6, 2014 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 IN THE BEGINNING 2 THE STRUGGLE IN ENGLAND 4 THE STRUGGLE MOVES TO THE NEW WORLD 7 CONCLUSION 11 WORKING BIBLIOGRAPHY 14 INTRODUCTION In this nation, and in much of the Western world, the right of each individual to worship as his or her own conscience dictates, or not to worship at all, is one that is all too often taken for granted. Few consider the tremendous lengths gone to and the enormous price paid by so many to obtain and preserve this right. In the United States when one does reflect on this matter his or her thoughts rightfully focus on the many men and women of the armed forces who fought to gain and keep the freedoms the citizens of this nation enjoy. What is often overlooked is the contributions of Baptists in the centuries long struggle to obtain religious freedom. Their struggle began not in the American colonies but rather in England a century earlier. “The freedom of religious belief and behavior which modern Baptists and others take for granted was forged in the crucible of persecution in seventeenth-century England” McBeth adds that, “No group can claim more credit for the Act of Toleration, passed by Parliament...
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...by Alan Colmerauer during the 70s and is a general purpose programing language that is associated with A.I. and computational linguistics. ML-designed by Robin Milner & others at the University of Edinburgh in 1973 and was conceived to provide proof tactics in the LCF theorem prover. 1980s Ada- designed in 1983 by a team led by Jean Ichbiah to replace the hundreds of programing languages then used by DoD. Was named after Ada Lovelace Perl-designed in 1987 by Larry wall as a general purpose UNIX scripting language to make report processing easier. Tcl-designed in 1988 by John Ousterhout and is commonly used for rapid prototyping, scripted applications, GUIs and testing. FL(Backus)-designed by John Backus, John Williams, and Edward Wimmers in 1989 and was designed as a replacement of Backus earlier FP language providing specific support for what he thought was termed level function level programming. Mathematica-designed by Wolfram Research in 1988 and is a software program used in many scientific, engineering, mathematical and computing fields, based on symbolic mathematics. 1990s Borland-designed in 1995 by Embarcarcedo Technologies as a rapid application development tool for windows. Python-designed in 1991 by Guido van Rossom as a successor to the ABC language capable of execution...
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...| Exploring Programming Language | Unit 1 Research Assignment 1 | | | 5/3/2014 | PT1420 | The five most popular programming languages in the 1970’s were: 1970: Pascal 1972: C 1972: Smalltalk 1972: Prolog 1973: SQL Pascal The Pascal programming language was developed by Niklaus Wirth. It was created in 1968 but it wasn’t published until 1970. It was developed to provide the features other programming languages didn’t offer at that time. His main reason for developing Pascal was efficiently implement and run, to allow for the development of structured and well organized programs, and to serve as a tool to teach the important concepts of computer programming. The program was named after a mathematician named Blaise Pascal. It was used as the primary language in the Apple Lisa and for the Mac in the early years of the computer. SQL SQL, which is short for, Structured Query Language, was designed by an IBM research center in 1974-1975. The Oracle Corporation introduced it as a commercial database system in 1979, the first time it was introduced. It has been a favorite query language for the use of database management systems for the microcomputer and mainframes, but is being supported by the PC database. C C was created at the Bell Laboratory in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie. It was created for the purpose in designing UNIX. Prolog Was created from 1971-1973 and was distributed in 1974-1975. It was created not as a programming language on purpose but...
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...Exploring Programming Languages Popular programming languages of the 1970’s: * B – Was a forerunner to “C” * Created by Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson at Bell Labs in 1969. * Designed for recursive, non-numeric, machine independent applications, such as system and language software. * C – A general purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming. * Was designed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs in 1972. * Used to re-implement the Unix operating system. * Smalltalk – An object oriented, dynamic typed, reflective programming language. * Designed and created in 1972 at the Learning Research Group by Alan Kay, Dan Ingalls, and Adelle Goldberg. * Created as the language to underpin the “new world” of computing exemplified by “human-computer symbiosis.” * Prolog – The first logic programming language. * Designed in 1972 by a group around Alan Colmerauer. * Intended use was for natural language processing. * ML – A statically typed functional programming language. * Designed by Robin Milner in 1973. * Purpose was to develop proof tactics in the LCF theorem prover. Popular programming languages of the 1980’s: * C++ - General-purpose programming language. Imperative, object-oriented and generic programming features. * Designed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Ben Labs in 1980. * Designed with a bias toward system programming and...
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...physician payment used by HMO’s which includes: • Capitation-A set amount of money received or paid out to HMO’s based on membership instead of services rendered. Capitation is expressed in dollars per member per month (PMPM). (pg. 296) (Variation factors, PCP only, Global, etc.) • At-risk fee for service – HMOs pays doctors according to what procedures are used to treat a patient. • How does reimbursement for these services vary based on the type of MCO models (Group, Staff, IPA, PPO…) Kongstvedt indicates, Reimbursement works the same for everyone. According to Rosenberg &Backus, “A hospital should request higher reimbursement for POS products for three reason: 1) patient steerage is not as strong because of out-of-network benefit. 2) HMO receives higher premiums and can afford to pay more. 3) Patient is willing to pay more for choice. HMO and IPA-Individual Practitioner Transactions: Rosenberg & Backus indicates, for IPAs the PCP has a stronger voice over reimbursement and capitation rates are $1-2.00 per member per month (PMPM) higher. • In which situations would member/patients pay the MCO directly? A situation when the patient would pay the MCO directly is when cosmetic services are conducted. Many procedures electively done such as a rhinoplasty (nose job) or an abdominoplasty (tummy tuck) are not medically necessary and are therefore not covered by insurance. • How do you think reimbursement impacts how care is delivered to the patient? Many times providers will require...
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...Exploring programming languages. 1970 Forth: Forth was created by Charles H Moores. This was created around 1973 when the company known as fourth came into play. This was made because do to the job Charles have, he couldn’t help but wonder if he could take his work wherever he goes. This also lead to the popularity of the microchips as the time. C: C was created by Dennis Ritchie. Created at around 1972, this program was originaly gonna be called B. But do to it taken avantage of the PDP, it became C. Prolong: Created by Alian Colmerauer, Prolong was made within 1972 and became the most popular during that time. It is well known for expression terms of relationships within the coding of the language. ML: ML was design and created by Robin Miler and other people he work closely within the university of Edinburgh. Around 1973, this was created to help analyze but mostly applied in language design and manipulation (compilers, analyzers, theorem provers), but it is a general-purpose language also used in bioinformatics, financial systems, and applications including a genealogical database SQL: Created by Donald D. Chamberlim and Rayman F. Boyce around 1974, this was Originally based upon relational algebra and tuple relational calculus, SQL consists of a data definition language and a data manipulation language. The two saw the potential of the concepts described by Codd, Chamberlin, and Boyce, and developed their own SQL-based RDBMS with aspirations of selling...
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...Programming Languages Throughout the decades 1970’s C – It was developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell labs. The development of this language is closely tied to the development of Unix, which was originally implemented by Ritchie and Ken Thompson in assembly language on PDP-7. They decided to port the operating system to a PDP-11. They considered rewriting the operating system using B language. However, B’s inability to take advantage of some of the PDP-11’s features led to the development of C. Pascal – Published in 1970 and designed by Niklaus Wirth, it was intended as a tool to teach structured programming. Smalltalk – Smalltalk was the product of research led by Alan Kay and implemented by Dan Ingalls. Ingalls created the first version in a few mornings when he was bet that a programming language based on message passing inspired by Simula could be implemented in a page of code. Prolog – A general purpose logic programming language designed by Alain Colmerauer and published in 1972. SQL – A special purpose programming language designed for managing data held in a relational database management system. It was designed by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce in 1974. One of the first and most widely used commercial languages for Edgar F. Codd’s relational model. 1980’s C++ - An intermediate general purpose language, designed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1983. It was Stroustup’s idea to enhance C language with Simula-like features...
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...Exploring Programming Languages 1970s * Pascal * Developed 1970 * originally developed by Niklaus Wirth, a member of the International Federation of Information Processing (IFIP) * principle objectives, allow for the development of well structured and well organized programs, and to serve as a vehicle for the teaching of the important concepts of computer programming * named after the mathematician Blaise Pascal * C * Developed 1972 * C was created by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs initially as a systems programming language for implementing UNIX * C++ was created by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in the 1980s adding object orientation to C * Influenced ANSI C, Java * C/C++ has become the world’s most widely used systems programming language * ML * Developed1973 * Created by Robin Milner at University of Edinburgh * Initial focus: meta-language for program verification * One of the most widely used functional programming languages * Influenced Standard ML, Miranda, Haskell * SQL * Completed 1978 * First defined in 1970 by Dr. E.F. Codd, researcher for IBM, in a his Paper titled “A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks “ * SQL would allow computer users to retrieve data from a variety of sources * Smalltalk * Released 1972 * first commercially-successful object-oriented language * Written and developed...
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