Introduction: Like most people, we already know that smoking and drug addiction is bad for your health. But we do not know how dangerous smoking and drugs really are. Tobacco contains nicotine, a highly addictive drug that makes it difficult for smokers to kick the habit. Tobacco products also contain many poisonous and harmful substances that cause disease and premature death. Did we know that out of a group of 1000 smokers (age 30), that a full quarter of them (250!) will die of smoking-related illnesses prior to completing middle age, an additional quarter will die prematurely from smoking-related illnesses shortly after retirement age, and another large group will develop debilitating chronic illnesses as a result of their smoking? Most people don't know the odds of getting sick as a result of smoking are really that bad, but when you do the numbers, that is how they come out. People usually take drugs because they want to change something in their lives. Here are some of the reasons young people gave for taking drugs:
* To fit in * To escape or relax * To relieve boredom * To seem grown up * To rebel * To experiment
They think drugs are a solution. But eventually, the drugs become the problem. The consequences of drug use are always worse than the problem one is trying to solve with them. For many people, truly understanding the very real dangers associated with smoking and drugs becomes the motivating factor that helps them to quit. Although it can be a very difficult habit to break, smoking and drug is ultimately a choice; it is your responsibility to choose whether or not you will continue to smoke and taking drugs.
There are over 4,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke
Each puff on a cigarette delivers nicotine to your brain within a few seconds. However, the Nicotine levels in your blood drop quickly after your cigarette is done. After 20 or 30 minutes you may feel the urge to smoke again.
Nicotine:
* Poisonous, more addictive than cocaine and heroine * So powerful that farmers can use it to kill insects * Legal addiction * Use results in addiction
Brain | Increases alertness, Improves short term memory, Improves concentration and Decreases anxiety | Heart | Increases heart rate and blood pressure and Blood vessel contraction | Hormones | Increases blood level of hormones (eg. adrenaline and noradrenalin) | Metabolism | Increases rate of metabolism | Digestive system | Decreases appetite, nausea | Muscle | Decreases tone |
Types Of smoking: There are two types of smoking: 1. Passive smoking 2. Regular smoking. 1. Passive smoking: Passive smoking is when a person smokes and you can inhale it by passing by them. 2. Regular smoking: Regular smoking is when you inhale directly from the cigarette, pipe, or cigar. Effects of Smoking: * Lung cancer kills more people than any other type of cancer and at least 80% of these deaths are caused by smoking. * It is the tar in the cigarettes which contains the carcinogenic “cancer causing” substances. * During smoking the tar not only come in contact with lung, but also come in contact with lips, tongue, larynx, and oesophagus and throughout the digestive tract. Smokers have increased incidents of cancer in all of these exposed sites. * Bronchitis: is an inflammation of the lung airways resulting in persistent cough. It may develop due to smoking. * Chronic bronchitis is a chronic inflammatory condition in the lungs that causes the respiratory passages to be swollen and irritated, increases the mucus production and may damage the lungs. The symptoms are coughing and breathlessness, which will get worse over the years.
Chronic bronchitis is defined as chronic cough or mucus production for at least three months in two successive years when other causes have been excluded.
It affects the lungs:
Normal Lung Damaged Lung Smoking can also cause cancer of the: * Stomach * Kidneys * Bladder * Pancreas
Smoking can cause: * Impotence * Deformed and reduced Sperm Count * Testicular Cancer * Miscarriages * Low Birth Rate * Cancer of the cervix
Hair loss: One can loss hair for the effect of smoking.
Smoking Reduces the supply of oxygen to the brain and thereby: * Increases the risk of stroke leading to paralysis and loss of speech. * Headaches
Smoking will effect your skin by reduced oxygen supply to skin : * Premature aging and wrinkles * Slow healing of skin wounds
Frequent ear infection:
Smoking can cause the thickening and hardening of artery walls and narrowing of arteries supplying heart and brain which can result in heart attack and stroke.
Cataracts: clouding or darkening of the lens of the eye.
Gum disease and tooth loss: * Bad Breath * Sore throats * Cancers of the lips and throat.
Smoking can cause Osteoporosis: A decrease in bone mass and bone density and an increased risk of fracture.
Smoking can also cause cancer of the: * Stomach * Kidneys * Bladder * Pancreas
Stomach Ulcer:
Smoking can cause: * Impotence * Deformed and reduced Sperm Count * Testicular Cancer * Miscarriages * Low Birth Rate * Cancer of the cervix
Types of Drugs: Drug abuse is a very common problem in most countries so it seemed like a good topic for a list. This is a list of ten of the most abused drugs and the effects they have on people. * Heroine * Cocaine * Methamphetamine * Crack Cocaine * LSD * Ecstasy * Opium * Marijuana * Psilocybin Mushrooms * PCP
Heroine: Heroin is an opiate processed directly from the extracts of the opium poppy. It was originally created to help cure people of addiction to morphine. Upon crossing the blood-brain barrier, which occurs soon after introduction of the drug into the bloodstream, heroin is converted into morphine, which mimics the action of endorphins, creating a sense of well-being; the characteristic euphoria has been described as an “orgasm” centered in the gut. One of the most common methods of heroin use is via intravenous injection.
Cocaine: Cocaine is a crystalline propane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. It is both a stimulant of the central nervous system and an appetite suppressant, giving rise to what has been described as a euphoric sense of happiness and increased energy. It is most often used recreationally for this effect. Cocaine is a potent central nervous system stimulant. Its effects can last from 20 minutes to several hours, depending upon the dosage of cocaine taken, purity, and method of administration. The initial signs of stimulation are hyperactivity, restlessness, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate and euphoria. The euphoria is sometimes followed by feelings of discomfort and depression and a craving to experience the drug again. Sexual interest and pleasure can be amplified. Side effects can include twitching, paranoia, and impotence, which usually increases with frequent usage.
Methamphetamine: Methamphetamine popularly shortened to meth or ice, is a psych stimulant and sympathomimetic drug. Methamphetamine enters the brain and triggers a cascading release of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. Since it stimulates the mesolimbic reward pathway, causing euphoria and excitement, it is prone to abuse and addiction. Users may become obsessed or perform repetitive tasks such as cleaning, hand-washing, or assembling and disassembling objects. Withdrawal is characterized by excessive sleeping, eating and depression-like symptoms, often accompanied by anxiety and drug-craving.
Crack Cocaine: Crack cocaine, often nicknamed “crack”, is believed to have been created and made popular during the early 1980s. Because of the dangers for manufacturers of using ether to produce pure freebase cocaine, producers began to omit the step of removing the freebase precipitate from the ammonia mixture. Typically, filtration processes are also omitted. Baking soda is now most often used as a base rather than ammonia for reasons of lowered odor and toxicity; however, any weak base can be used to make crack cocaine. When commonly “cooked” the ratio is 1:1 to 2:3 parts cocaine.
LSD: Lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD, LSD-25, or acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug of the tryptamine family. Arguably the most regarded of all psychedelics, it is considered mainly as a recreational drug, an entheogen, and a tool in use to supplement various types of exercises for transcendence including in meditation, psychonautics, and illegal psychedelic psychotherapy whether self-administered or not. LSD’s psychological effects (colloquially called a “trip”) vary greatly from person to person, depending on factors such as previous experiences, state of mind and environment, as well as dose strength. They also vary from one trip to another, and even as time passes during a single trip. An LSD trip can have long term psych emotional effects; some users cite the LSD experience as causing significant changes in their personality and life perspective. Widely different effects emerge based on what Leary called set and setting; the “set” being the general mindset of the user, and the “setting” being the physical and social environment in which the drug’s effects are experienced.
Ecstasy: Ecstasy (MDMA) is a semisynthetic psychedelic entactogen of the phenethylamine family that is much less visual with more stimulant like effects than most all other common “trip” producing psychedelics. It is considered mainly a recreational drug that’s often used with sex and associated with club drugs, as an entheogen, and a tool in use to supplement various types of practices for transcendence including in meditation, psychonautics, and illicit psychedelic psychotherapy whether self-administered or not. The primary effects of MDMA include an increased awareness of the senses, feelings of openness, euphoria, empathy, love, happiness, heightened self-awareness, and feeling of mental clarity and an increased appreciation of music and movement. Tactile sensations are enhanced for some users, making physical contact with others more pleasurable. Other side effects, such as jaw clenching and elevated pulse, are common.
Opium: Opium is a resinous narcotic formed from the latex released by lacerating (or “scoring”) the immature seed pods of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum). It contains up to 16% morphine, an opiate alkaloid, which is most frequently processed chemically to produce heroin for the illegal drug trade. Opium has gradually been superseded by a variety of purified, semi-synthetic, and synthetic opioids with progressively stronger effect, and by other general anesthesia. This process began in 1817, when Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Sertürner reported the isolation of pure morphine from opium after at least thirteen years of research and a nearly disastrous trial on himself and three boys.
Marijuana: Cannabis, known as marijuana in its herbal form, is a psychoactive product of the plant Cannabis sativa. Humans have been consuming cannabis since prehistory, although in the 20th century there was a rise in its use for recreational, religious or spiritual, and medicinal purposes. It is estimated that about four percent of the world’s adult population use cannabis annually. It has psychoactive and physiological effects when consumed, usually by smoking or ingestion. The minimum amount of THC required to have a perceptible psychoactive effect is about 10 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. The state of intoxication due to cannabis consumption is colloquially known as a “high”; it is the state where mental and physical facilities are noticeably altered due to the consumption of cannabis. Each user experiences a different high, and the nature of it may vary upon factors such as potency, dose, chemical composition, method of consumption and set and setting Psilocybin Mushrooms: Psilocybin mushrooms (also called psilocybin mushrooms) are fungi that contain the psychedelic substances psilocybin and psilocin, and occasionally other psychoactive tryptamines. There are multiple colloquial terms for psilocybin mushrooms, the most common being magic mushrooms or ‘mushrooms. When psilocybin is ingested, it is broken down to produce psilocin, which is responsible for the hallucinogenic effects. The intoxicating effects of psilocybin-containing mushrooms typically last anywhere from 3 to 7 hours depending on dosage, preparation method and personal metabolism. The experience is typically inwardly oriented, with strong visual and auditory components. Visions and revelations may be experienced, and the effect can range from exhilarating to distressing. There can be also a total absence of effects, even with large doses.
. PCP: PCP (Phencyclidine) is a dissociative drug formerly used as an anesthetic agent, exhibiting hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects. It is commonly known as Angel Dust, but is also known as Wet, Sperm, Sherman Helmsley, Rocket Fuel, Ashy Larry, Sherman’s Tank, Wack, Hulk Hogan, Ozone, Hannah, Hog, Manitoba Shlimbo, and Embalming Fluid, among other names. Although the primary psychoactive effects of the drug only last hours, total elimination from the body is prolonged, typically extending over weeks. PCP is consumed in a recreational manner by drug users, mainly in the United States, where the demand is met by illegal production. It comes in both powder and liquid forms (PCP base dissolved most often in ether), but typically it is sprayed onto leafy material such as marijuana, mint, oregano, parsley or Ginger Leaves, and smoked. PCP has potent effects on the nervous system altering perceptual functions (hallucinations, delusional ideas, delirium or confused thinking), motor functions (unsteady gait, loss of coordination, and disrupted eye movement or nystagmus), and autonomic nervous system regulation (rapid heart rate, altered temperature regulation). The drug has been known to alter mood states in an unpredictable fashion causing some individuals to become detached and others to become animated.
Current situation of Drug addiction and smoking: Worldwide, between 80,000 and 100,000 kids start smoking every day. Approximately one quarter of children alive in the Western Pacific Region will die from smoking. The World Health Organization (WHO) has compiled worldwide smoking statistics for the year 2002. The smoking facts and stats presented are sobering. * About a third of the male adult global population smokes. * Smoking related-diseases kill one in 10 adults globally, or cause four million deaths. By 2030, if current trends continue, smoking will kill one in six people. * Every eight seconds, someone dies from tobacco use. * Smoking is on the rise in the developing world but falling in developed nations. Among Americans, smoking rates shrunk by nearly half in three decades (from the mid-1960s to mid-1990s), falling to 23% of adults by 1997. In the developing world, tobacco consumption is rising by 3.4% per year. * About 15 billion cigarettes are sold daily - or 10 million every minute. * About 12 times more British people have died from smoking than from World War II. * Cigarettes cause more than one in five American deaths. * Among WHO Regions, the Western Pacific Region - which covers East Asia and the Pacific - has the highest smoking rate, with nearly two-thirds of men smoking. * About one in three cigarettes are consumed in the Western Pacific Region. The tobacco market is controlled by just a few corporations - namely American, British and Japanese multinational conglomerates. An increasing abuse of drugs among young people emerged in northwestern Europe during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Since the mid-1970s, the two most important trends have been the substantial increase in heroin abuse in most countries and increasing drug abuse in southern and eastern European countries that had relatively little previous experience with illicit drug use. Drug abuse is assessed using routine statistics, which are available but unreliable, or special epidemiological studies, which are more reliable but also more expensive. There is a need for more systematic and centralized monitoring of routine data from both treatment and enforcement sources; improved co-operation in such activities between European countries would enhance the value and utility of epidemiological work. Common criteria and definitions, as well as data-gathering instruments, need to be adopted so that data on drug abuse will be more comparable. The ways and means through which countries exchange knowledge and experience gained in drug abuse assessment need to be improved. Current situation of smoking and drug addiction in Bangladesh: The study investigated smoking behavior and attitudes among two groups of male teenagers: the first consisted of 555 students, age 12-20 years, selected from two metropolitan high schools; the second, chosen to provide a broad comparison group from a different socioeconomic stratum, contained 112 males of similar age residing in an urban slum. Data were collected largely by interview supplemented by some direct observation and relevant secondary data. The results showed that 29% of the students and 68% of the slum dwellers said they were regular smokers. In addition, the slum youths smoked substantially more and had smoked for longer than the students. While the study suggests both groups of smokers had been influenced to take up smoking by the smoking behavior of peers and parents, peers were more important for the students. Advertising may also have been a important influence on students since smokers in this group could better identify tobacco advertisements compared with their nonsmoking peers. No significant association was found between respondents' knowledge of the health risks of smoking and their actual smoking behavior. Although these DRUG abuse directly influences the economic and social aspects of a country. There are thousands of addicted people in Bangladesh and most of them are young, between the ages of 18 and 30 from all walks of life. Drug addiction in young Bangladeshis are mainly seen because of reasons like depression. People try to remove depression using drugs as a tool. And this is how they become addicts. Failed relationships and broken hearts are also major inducements of drug abuse in young people. Another cause of drug addiction is peer pressure. Curiosity is a normal tendency in human beings, especially teenagers. Unwanted events and refusal can make one lose confidence resulting into the use of drugs. Research shows that most people become addicted to drugs due to poverty. Different society has different cultural and religious traditions. In different cultural festivals a common tradition is to take alcohol, cannabis, and other drugs. There are some religious festivals where drugs are vital. Young people belonging to the higher class of the society take alcohol and other drugs to maintain their status in the friend circles. Day by day they become more addicted to these drugs. Another important cause of drug addiction is the availability of drug. The law enforcement agencies are not being able to stop the drug dealing and trafficking. Unemployment is also another reason why many young people get frustrated and land into depression and eventually use drugs. Sometimes unemployed people are associated with criminal acts. People take different medicines for different diseases. The long-term use of these medicines can make them dependant on them. Sometimes young people are motivated by the political people to take drugs. Many political leaders are related to drug trafficking. Long-term disease needs long-term use of medicine. So much so, drugs deter people from living a normal life. Existing policy of drug addiction and smoking: There are some organization urging Changes in drug laws. These are: 1. Drug Peace: The Drug Peace Campaign is a California Political Action Committee formed January 1, 1999, whose mission is to seek a peaceful end to the "War on Drugs". It believes that the "War on Drugs" is as great a threat to civil society and personal freedoms as America has ever faced. Furthermore, it believes that this perpetual state of war causes more harm than the problems it is intended to solve and will never end until people who know better come together to devise and implement rational and consistent policies regarding the use of mind-altering substances of all kinds. 2. The Drug Library: Funded by the Drug Reform Coordination Network (DRCNet), The Drug Library is the "world's largest online library of drug policy". 3. Drug Policy Foundation: The Drug Policy Foundation is an independent, not-for-profit organization with over 24,000 members, an impressive set of board members, and a well attended annual conference. DPF believes that current drug policy is not working and favors alternatives to the current "war" on drugs. The Drug Policy Foundation favors a shift away from criminal justice policies and a shift toward public health approaches to drug use and abuse. 4. Drug Sense: An information project designed to raise awareness about drug prohibition issues. The site also publishes a number of email newsletters. 5. Human Rights & the Drug War: HRDW is a multi-media project that combines the stories and photos of Drug War POWs with facts and figures about the US Drug War, to confront the conscience of the American people and encourage individuals to take action for social justice. The project includes museum quality exhibitions, art quality books, a slide show and an extensive web site. Although smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces. Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product. Here some list of some smoking ban of some country: Albania: A law went into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure has reportedly been poorly enforced Andorra: Since 2004 e, smoking is prohibited in government buildings, educational facilities, hospitals, enclosed sport facilities and buses. In 2010, an increase in restrictions at restaurants, bars, and workplaces was under discussion.
Argentina: A 2006 smoking ban in Buenos Aires city prohibits smoking in public areas including bars and restaurants except if the bar is more than 100 m2 where it is possible to provide an area for smoking customers. Similar bans in other Argentine cities require bigger establishments to provide a separate, contained area for smoking customers. Argentina introduced a ban on smoking in all public places on 1 June 2011.
Canada: In Canada, indoor smoking is restricted by all territories and provinces and by the federal government. As of 2010, smoking bans within each of these jurisdictions are mostly consistent, despite the separate development of legislation by each. The federal government's workplace smoking ban applies only to the federal government and to federally regulated businesses, such as airports. Smoking rooms are available in select hotels and motels in most jurisdictions. Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Ontario have also prohibited smoking within vehicles with children under 14.
France: Smoking is banned in all public places (stations, museums, etc.); an exception exists for special smoking rooms fulfilling strict conditions, as below. However, a special exemption was made for cafés and restaurants, clubs, casinos, bars, etc. until 1 January 2008, [46] although the French government allowed a day of reflection on New Year's Day.[47] Opinion polls suggest 70% of people support the ban.[48] However, a 2009 story by Time Magazine suggested that some smokers were blatantly ignoring the smoking ban due to lax enforcement.[49]
Under the new regulations, smoking rooms are allowed, but are subjected to very strict conditions: they may occupy at most 20% of the total floor space of the establishment and their size may not be more than 35 m²; they need to be equipped with separate ventilation that replaces the full volume of air ten times per hour; the air pressure of the smoking room must constantly be lower than the pressure in the contiguous rooms; they must have doors that close automatically; no service can be provided in the smoking rooms; and cleaning and maintenance personnel may enter the room only one hour after it was last used for smoking.[citation needed]
Previously, under the former implementation rules of the 1991 Évin law, restaurants, cafés etc. just had to provide smoking and non-smoking sections, which in practice were often not well separated. In larger establishments, smoking and non-smoking sections could be separate rooms, but often they were just areas within the same room.
A legal challenge against the new regulations was filed before the Conseil d'État in 2007, but was rejected.
Greece: As of 2010, Greece was the country with the highest rate of tobacco consumption (more than 40%) in the European Union.[52] Since older legislation was not very efficient a new, more comprehensive law was passed. Effective from 1 September 2010, this law prohibits smoking and consumption of tobacco products by other means, in all work-places, transport stations, taxis and passenger ships (in trains, buses and airplanes smoking is already prohibited), as well as in all enclosed public places including restaurants, night clubs, etc., without any exception. Casinos and bars bigger than 300 m2 were given eight months to apply the law.[53] Enforcement of the law is reportedly weak, with some owners of coffee shops, pubs, and restaurants continuing to allow smoking.
India: A nationwide smoke-free law pertaining to public places came into effect from 2 October 2008. Smoking is prohibited in public places but is allowed on roads, inside one's home or vehicle and in designated smoking areas. Anybody violating this law will be charged with a fine of 200.[63] The sale of tobacco products within 100 yards of educational institutions is also prohibited. Although this particular rule is seldom enforced.[64]
The Cable Television Network (Regulation) Amendment Bill, in force since 8 September 2000, completely prohibits cigarette and alcohol advertisements.
Smoking bans worldwide as of June 2012: No ban (or no data) No national ban; patchy and incomplete ban, or very low enforcement and compliance National ban in public areas except entertainment and restaurants, some localities have comprehensive bans National strong ban in all public indoor areas with minimal exceptions
Note: Countries with all subnational entities enacting a smoking ban equates to a nationwide ban here, such as for Canada and Australia.
So smoking and drugs both are harmful for human body. These elements reduces our life time and increase difference kinds of diseases. We should avoid smoking and drugs for lead a healthy and happy life.
