...ORNL/TM-1999/264 Environmental Sciences Division Bamboo: an overlooked biomass resource? J. M. O. Scurlock Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407 U.S.A. D. C. Dayton and B. Hames National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, MS 3311 Golden, CO 80401 U.S.A. Environmental Sciences Division Publication No. 4963 Date Published: January 2000 Prepared for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of Transportation Technologies EB 52 03 00 0 and Office of Utility Technologies EB 24 04 00 0 Prepared by the OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6422 managed by LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY RESEARCH CORP. for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under contract DE-AC05-96OR22464 Contents Page Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. What Is Bamboo? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...English 51 April 28, 2008 Research Paper Grade Draft Fading of Black and White In the meadows high in the mountains of central China, various types of animals share the peaceful green jungles filled with endless trees, wild flowers, rivers, and rain fall. Among all the different species of animals that share the jungle, one in particular stands out: the giant panda. The pandas live a peaceful and harmless life high in the remote mountainous regions of central China. The bamboo forests grow high, and are cool and wet—just the way the pandas prefer them to be. Pandas will climb upwards to 13,000 feet (3,962 meters) to feed on the bamboo that grows in their habitat; during the summer seasons, they will venture even higher. Pandas mainly feed on bamboo, but will eat birds or rodents as well. It is in this peaceful bamboo jungle habitat that the giant panda gives birth to and nurtures its young. The Giant Panda is one of the rarest and most exotic animals this world has given birth to. Pandas are mammals; they’re omnivores. The average lifespan in the wild for a healthy Panda is twenty years. The sizes they grow to are four to five feet (one to one and a half meters) tall and weigh upwards to 300 pounds (136 kilograms). In the past few decades the Chinese Giant Pandas have been added to the endangered species list because of their decreasing numbers. The Pandas made the list due to false pregnancies, poachers, poor nurturing, and lack of bamboo growth. First, pandas...
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...INTRODUCTION **** marketing definition Macro economics is the study of the behaviour and trends in the economy as a whole involving the analysis of six major forces to identify possible opportunities and threats available to the organisation. To illustrate these forces, the hypothetical “Bamboo Company” (located in Sydney New South Wales) will be used. This organisation has prided itself on the use of recyclable and renewable resources where possible and as a result, has developed the Bambicycle. This entry level hybrid bicycle combines the best attributes of a road bike and a mountain bike in one as well as being constructed by bamboo which is one of the world’s fastest growing renewable resources. An analysis of the six macroeconomic influences with reference to the Bamboo Company are as follows: THE DEMOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT Demographics is the statistical study of the population as a whole, consisting of the following variables and how they will affect the bicycle marketing environment: – The changing age structure of population “Australia's population, like that of most developed countries, is ageing as a result of sustained low fertility and increasing life expectancy” (Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2010a para 7). The proportion of the population aged 65 years and over is projected to increase from 13% in 2007 to between 23% and 25% in 2056, and 25% and 28% in 2101 (ABS, 2010c para 15) with the first...
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...Bostha hobe Business Plan: Eco-friendly bamboo based computer accessories Date: 17th December 2012 Submitted To, Saad Hossain (SDF) Faculty, School of Business, North South University Course: Entrepreneurship (MGT-368), Sec: 11 Submitted By, Name ID# Anika Fairuz 0930127030 Md. Shahdat Hossain 1020145030 Tanjin Farzana 0930317030 Susmita Sinha 0930257030 Preetom Roy 1010615030 Letter of Transmittal December 17, 2012 Saad Mohammad Maroof Hossain Faculty Entrepreneurship (MGT-368) School of Business North South University Bashundhara, Dhaka. Subject: Submission...
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...Organizations, Systems and the Environment Evan Schwartz The Chicago School of Professional Psychology Abstract Organizations, Systems and the Environment There are many issues that are in need of support internationally. The international community has rallied around many causes over the years. International psychologists may choose to focus their work in one or more of these areas, including but not limited to, women and children empowerment, refugee advocacy, education, disaster response, emigration and immigration, policy and decision making, health care, poverty and economic justice, and environmental conservation (Gibbons, 2012). There are many aspects of the environment that affect our global society. It is crucial for organizations of all types to understand their role in environmental issues. Although, there are groups of individuals taking steps to improve these issues, these efforts will not be successful until everyone works together on a common goal of environmental sustainability. Boyd and Osbahr assess international organizations that are addressing concerns related to climate change (2010, p.629). The authors stressed the need for action in the area of the environment. The goal of this project is to gain a greater understanding of how three different organizations have taken measures to address climate change. There are many aspects of the environment that affect our global society. As globalization progresses, the earth’s natural systems...
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...young college student who has recently become interested in organic and recycable materials after watching the film “An Inconveniant Truth”. Jason desires to live a new and beneficial lifestyle that is environmentally conscious with a minimum wage. official marking for authentification ABOUT ONNO: is a small, limited textile company that focuses on producing high-quality t-shirts made from 100% all-natural materials. onno’s shirts are made with sustainable fibers such as bamboo, hemp and organic cotton. By using high quality materials, their shirts feel like silk but are very durable. onno manufactures apparel overseas and have worked hard to ensure their partners provide a good workplace for all employees. Overseas factories are third party audited using the bsci (Business Social Compliance Initiative) monitoring system, which is based on the labor standards of the International Labor Organization. onno environmental partner in busniess basic company research |1 O N NO PO SIT I O N S target markets p osition : C l i e n...
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...convenience. In addition only 30% of durian are eatable and the other part are considered as waste such as durian seed and durian rinds. From its fibrous characteristic, durian rinds can be a material for paper making. In the paper making process, pulping process is mainly to increase fibre to fibre bonding in the paper. There are two type of pulping process, mechanical pulping process and chemical pulping process. Using chemical pulp to produce paper is more expensive than using mechanical pulp or recovered paper, but it has better strength and brightness properties. This research are concentrated to chemical pulping which using the Soda-Anthraquinone as a pulping chemical. Soda-Anthraquinone pulping is modified chemical process for wood pulp production with sodium hydroxide as the cooking chemical and anthraquinone (AQ) as a pulping additive to decrease the carbohydrate degradation. The advantages of using the soda-Anthraquinone method are not only having high pulp yield, but also resulting in better mechanical strength properties of the yield comparable to Mechanical pulp along with its environment friendly approach as well as its reduced active alkali consumption. The aim of this paper is to study the characteristics of durian rinds soda-Anthraquinone pulp and paper. The study also...
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...TermPaperWarehouse.com - Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents The Research Paper Factory Join Search Browse Saved Papers Home Page » English and Literature “Do You Believe in Philippine Mythology and Folklore?” In: English and Literature “Do You Believe in Philippine Mythology and Folklore?” A POSITION PAPER IN PHILIPPINE LITERATURE “DO YOU BELIEVE IN PHILIPPINE MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLORE?” IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF REQUIREMENTS IN COMMUNICATION SKILLS II SUBMITTED BY: ROWEL M. MOJECA PRESENTED TO: MRS. GRACE ARANDA DR.FELIMON C. AGUILAR MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF LAS PIÑAS MARCH 2O11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Overview 1 Definition of Terms 2 Introduction 4 Point of View 5 Evidences and Proofs 9 Conclusion 12 Works Cited 13 OVERVIEW Philippine mythology and folklore include a collection of tales and superstitions about magical creatures and entities. Some Filipinos, even though heavily westernized and Christianized, still believe in such entities. The prevalence of belief in the figures of Philippines mythology is strong in the provinces. The country has many islands and is inhabited by different ethnic groups, Philippine mythology and superstitions are very diverse. However, certain similarities exist among these groups, such as the belief in Heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan, kamurawayan), Hell (impiyerno, kasamaan), and the...
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...Presentation of the Problem. The start of the introduction is the presentation of the problem, that is, what the problem is all about. This will indicate what will be covered by the study. Example: Suppose the investigation is about the teaching of science in the high school of Province A. The discussion may start with this topic sentence: There is no other period in world history when science has been making its greatest impact upon humankind than its today. 2. The Existence of an unsatisfactory condition, a felt problem that need a solution. 3. Rationale of the Study. The reason or reasons why it is necessary to conduct the study must be discussed. 4. Historical Background of the problem, For a historical background of the research problem of the teaching of science, the first satellite to orbit of the earth sent Russia may be mentioned. 5. A desire to have a deeper and clearer understanding of a situation, circumstance, or phenomenon Statement of the Problem There should be a general statement of the whole problem followed by the specific questions or sub problems into which the general problem in broken up. These are already formulated at the beginning of the study and so they should be copied in this section. Assumptions and Hypothesis Historical and descriptive investigations do not need explicit hypotheses and assumptions. Only experimental studies need expressly written assumptions and hypotheses. Since these are already formulated...
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...Banana Fiber Textile Products -----Fruit Clothing,Love Life,Love Earth | | | Banana fibers such as flax, jute, hemp, and pineapple etc plant fibers. are all made up of thick walled cell tissue and they are bonded together by natural gums and support the branches, stems, leaves and fruits. Although banana plants and fibers are available in tropical regions in abundance, their application potential has not been exploited fully. At present,other companys make the limited application of banana fiber ,for example, in making ropes, mats, and some other fields such as the composite materials. In recent years, more and more plant fibers were considered to be "environmentally friendly" fiberesources , and many countries are emphasizing the utilizing of these fibers. | | | 2007, LIFEI have developed this new type of natural textile fibres, banana fiber.When ,we developed banana fiber series yarns, banana fiber series fabrics, banana fiber clothings.Technical parameters of banana fiber:Average fineness 2386 Nm; average strength 3.93 cN / dtex; average length 50 ~ 60 mm(or 38mm). Banana fibers can be used for cotton spinning,OE-spinning, compact spinning, and other short-spinning technology system, also can be used Bast fiber | spinning(ramie,flax,hemp spinning), Silk Spinning, wool spinning, semi-worsted spinning system, and other long-spinning technology system . This Technology of banana fibers, take over the lead in the world. The factory can product banana fiber industrialization...
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... Shamsunnahar | 16-176 | Date of Submission: 21st Nov, 2012 Letter of Transmittal | 21st November, 2012 Tazrina Farah Lecturer Department of Finance University of Dhaka Dear Madam Here is a report on the “New business Idea”. In this report we have presented the whole Market and Demand analysis of our new business of bamboo furniture named ‘Oitijjho- the heritage of Bangladesh ’ . At University of Dhaka, we appreciate having this assignment. If you need any assistance in interpreting this report or if you have any query, please contact with us on the given mail address starz@yahoo.com Sincerely yours, KAzi Umme Sumaiya On behalf of the group 3rd Year 6th Semester B.B.A 16th Batch Department of Finance. Table of Contents | Sl no. | Contents | Page no. | 1. | Executive Summary | | 2. | Business Idea | | | 2.1 | Firm & Promoters | | | 2.2 | Why to behave entrepreneurially | | 3. | Industry & Competitive Analysis | | | 3.1 | Introduction to overall furniture industry of Bangladesh | | | 3.2 | Bamboo in general | | | 3.3 | Environmental advantages of bamboo | | | 3.4 | Bamboo furniture versus wooden Furniture | | | 3.5 | Porters five forces model of industry analysis | | 4. | Goals & Objectives | | 5. | Business & Operational Plan | | | 5.1 | Business process | | | 5.2 | Business start-up activities & cost | | | 5.3 | Product line | | 6. | Marketing Plan | | | 6.1 |...
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...Have you ever ridin in a airplane? Have you ever wondered who invented and airplane? What does the date December 17, 1903 mean to you? The people that invented the airplane’s name where Wilbur and Orville, Wilbur was born in april 16, 1867, Orville was born in august 18, 1871. In the year 1878 their dad brought back a small toy helicopter for his boys. Made of cork, bamboo and paper, and powered by a rubber band to twirl its blades, the model was based on a a build by the French plane pioneer Alphonse Pénaud. Amazed by the toy and its mechanics, Orville and Wilbur would grow a lifelong love of aeronautics and flying. The wright brothers lived in Dayton Ohio and they owned a bike shop but in their free time they spent all of it on there idea...
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...Production of Charcoal using Different Kinds of Dried Leaves Submitted By: Andrew Matthew Ortoño April Mae Quilago Mary Karen Luceñara Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research III Bacolod City National High School October 20,2015 Ms. Maria Vonessa Miraflores Research Adviser Background of the Study: For now on our life are become easier because of the technology. Technology is very important for us and even in cooking it become easier to cook. We used the LPG or a stove and other things we need in cooking. Because of this highly - invented materials, it makes our life easier. And other ways to cook is using a charcoal that is made of different kinds of trees and it is our big problem. The big problem is we should cut down trees in order to make charcoals but it may result some risk not only on ourselves but our surroundings also. Because of this problem we need to help to prevent from risk. According to our investigatory project, we study how to reduce cutting down trees to make a charcoal and studied to make a charcoal using different kinds of dried leaves like Mango leaves, Papaya leaves and etc.. It is just a dried leaves but it has its own purpose to make a charcoal to lessen of cutting down the trees. And because of this project we can help to prevent a big problem in our country. Significance of the Study: People need food in order to survive. They usually use LPG, which may have risks and may be too much expensive for...
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...Content 1.Introduction 2 2. Papers 3 2.1 Selecting Paper 3 2.1.1 Shuan Paper 4 2.1.2 Mien Paper 4 2.1.3 Mao Bien Paper 4 3. Brush 5 3.1 Correct Way of Holding a Calligraphy Brush 6 3.2 Basic Chinese Calligraphy Brush Theories 6 3.3 Basic Brush techniques for Chinese Calligraphy 7 4. Ink Stick 8 4.1 Production 8 5. Ink Stones 9 5.1 Four Famous Ink Stone ...
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...How to Capitalize Titles in MLA Style These titles should appear in a research paper as follows: Modernism and Negritude Bernard Berenson: The Making of a Connoisseur Turner’s Early Sketchbooks The rules for capitalizing titles are strict. In a title or a subtitle, capitalize the first word, the last word. and all principal words, including those that follow hyphens in compound terms. Therefore, capitalize the following parts of speech: • Nouns (e.g., flowers and Europe, as in The Flowers of Europe) • Pronouns (e.g., our, as in Save Our Children; that, as in The Mouse That Roared) • Verbs (e.g., watches, as in America Watches Television: is, as in What Is Literature?) • Adjectives (e.g., ugly, as in The Ugly Duckling: that, as in Who Said That Phrase?) • Adverbs (e.g., slightly, as in Only Slightly Corrupt: down, as in Go Down, Moses) • Subordinating conjunctions (e.g., after, although, as if, as soon as, because, before, if, that, unless, until, when, where, while, as in One If by Land and Anywhere That Chance Leads) Do not capitalize the following parts of speech when they fall in the middle of a title: • Articles (a. an. the, as in Under the Bamboo Tree) • Prepositions (e.g., against, between, in, of, to, as in The Merchant of Venice and A Dialogue between the Soul and Body • Coordinating conjunctions (and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet, as in Romeo and Juliet) • The to in infinitives (as in How to Play Chess) ...
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