...Bangladesh Economic Update Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) February 2012 Bangladesh Economic Update Volume 3, No. 2, February 2012 Acknowledgement: Bangladesh Economic Update is an output of the Economic Policy Unit of the Unnayan Onneshan, a multidisciplinary research centre based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The report is prepared by a team, under the guidance of Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir and Palash Kanti Das. The team comprises Nibedita Roy and A. Z. M. Saleh. © Copyright: Unnayan Onneshan-The Innovators The content of this publication may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes with proper citation (please send output to the address mentioned below). Any other form of reproduction, storage in a retrieval system or transmission by any means for commercial purposes, requires permission from the Unnayan Onneshan-The Innovators. For orders and request please contact: Unnayan Onneshan - The Innovators 16/2, Indira Road, Farmgate Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh Tell: + (880-2) 8158274, 9110636 Fax: + (880-2) 8159135 E-mail: info@unnayan.org Web: www.unnayan.org Bangladesh Economic Update, February 2012 2|P a g e Bangladesh Economic Update Vol. 3, No. 2, February 2012 Economic Policy Unit Unnayan Onneshan 1. INTRODUCTION The current issue of the Bangladesh Economic Update focuses on the magnitude, dynamics, sectoral distribution, and countrywise sources of FDI inflow in the country. The flow of foreign direct investment is of utmost importance in the current backdrop of overall...
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...Revenue Mobilisation and Economic Growth Bangladesh Economic Update November 2013 Bangladesh Economic Update Volume 4, No. 11, November 2013 Acknowledgement Bangladesh Economic Update is a monthly publication of the Economic Policy Unit of Unnayan Onneshan, a multidisciplinary research organisation based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A team works under the guidance of Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir, comprising Shahida Pervin and Abid Feroz Khan. © Copyright: Unnayan Onneshan The content of this publication may be reproduced for noncommercial purposes with proper citation (please send output to the address mentioned below). Any other form of reproduction, storage in a retrieval system or transmission by any means for commercial purposes, requires permission from the Unnayan Onneshan. For orders and request, please contact: UNNAYAN ONNESHAN 16/2, Indira Road, Farmgate Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh Tell: + (880-2) 8158274, 9110636 Fax: + (880-2) 8159135 E-mail: info@unnayan.org Web: www.unnayan.org Bangladesh Economic Update, November 2013 Page | 2 1.INTRODUCTION This issue of Bangladesh Economic Update probes into the tax system of Bangladesh in the backdrop of falling investment, missing revenue target and growing pressure on revenue. This issue of Bangladesh Economic Update probes into the tax system of Bangladesh in the backdrop of falling investment, missing revenue target and growing pressure on revenue. Bangladesh has comparatively lower tax to GDP ratio, even compared to most of its...
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...Bangladesh Economic Update Capital Market March 2012 Bangladesh Economic Update Volume 4, No. 3, March 2013 Acknowledgement: Bangladesh Economic Update is a monthly publication of the Economic Policy Unit of the Unnayan Onneshan, a multidisciplinary research organisation based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A team, under the guidance of Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir, comprising Md. Aslam Hossain and Shahid Md. Adnan prepared the report. © Copyright: Unnayan Onneshan The content of this publication may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes with proper citation (please send output to the address mentioned below). Any other form of reproduction, storage in a retrieval system or transmission by any means for commercial purposes, requires permission from the Unnayan Onneshan. For orders and request, please contact: Unnayan Onneshan 16/2, Indira Road, Farmgate Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh Tell: + (880-2) 8158274, 9110636 Fax: + (880-2) 8159135 E-mail: info@unnayan.org Web: www.unnayan.org Bangladesh Economic Update, March 2013 2|P a g e Bangladesh Economic Update Volume 4, No. 3, March 2013 Economic Policy Unit Unnayan Onneshan 1. INTRODUCTION The capital market of Bangladesh is the third largest in the South Asia and one of the smallest in Asia. There are two full-fledged automated stock exchanges: Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE). After many years of operations of the exchanges, the Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC) was established...
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...the Context of Bangladesh Mohammad Nayeem Abdullah1 Robaka Shamsher2 Newaz Ahmed Chowudhury3 Abstract In Asia, Bangladesh is one of the hardest hit by the current wave of inflation and oil price hike. The economy has been observing double digit inflation growth on point-to-point basis since July 2007. In Bangladesh, the correlation between per capita income and food weight in total Consumer Price Index (CPI) is one of the highest in the world and the economy is vulnerable to sharp hikes in fuel and non-fuel commodity prices. The BDTUS$ exchange rate has been depreciating steadily for some time, reaching a record high of BDT 72.70 per USD in January 2011, which has direct impact on food inflation that Bangladesh is currently experiencing. An International Monetary Fund (IMF) study shows food prices on headline inflation has been a staggering 55.9 percent in Asia in 2007, whereas the figure was 34.1 percent in the 2000-06 period. The researchers highlight that a further depreciation of the BDT could lead to additional cost push inflation for Bangladesh. This article attempts to investigate causes and consequences of inflation on the economy of Bangladesh. This paper also reviews the past record of the inflation and makes a forecast on the possible movement of inflation. At the end on the paper the researchers forward some strategic points that might be useful to reduce inflation. Keywords: Food inflation, oil price hike, general inflation, world food price Bangladesh. 1. Introduction...
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...Policy: A Look into Bangladesh Case Content * Aim of the Paper * Concepts on Fiscal Policy * Fiscal Policy: Definition and its Role in the Economy * Fiscal Policy in the Developing World * A Brief Overview of Political Economy * Approaches to Fiscal Politics * Characteristics of Fiscal Policy in Bangladesh * Political Culture in Bangladesh and Effect on the Economy * References Aim of the Paper * To analyze how political variables affect the fiscal policy decision making process and study the political process and culture and the institutional constraints in context of Bangladesh to see the effect they have on the fiscal decision making * The research will be conducted through literature review and interview and based on the data between 1972 to 2012. Fiscal Policy: Definition and its Role on the Economy * Fiscal policy – essentially a budget policy encompassing all measures pertaining to the level and structure of government’s financial operations - public revenue, public borrowing and public expenditure . * It seeks to influence the aggregate demand curve through conscious setting of spending and taxation by government policymakers. Politics invariably affects the decision making process. * Basic goals of fiscal policy: * Attain full employment level of equilibrium * Maintain full employment once it is attained * Maintain economic stabilization ...
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...University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea {sjhalder,wkim}@yonsei.ac.kr Abstract. The readymade garment industry of Bangladesh has expanded dramatically over the last three decades. Traditionally, the jute industry dominated the industrial sector of the country until the 1970s. Since the early 1980s, the readymade garment industry has emerged as an important player in the economy of the country and has gradually replaced the jute industry. Although Bangladesh is a garments based country, in most of the garments, employees work manually though there are some error in the software and also those software do not work properly. We developed a system which highlighted the style sheet information, export L/C, back to back L/C, U/D preparation, input commercial invoice, export invoice and so on, which save time and money, increased data communication and transmission and faster data retrieval. Keywords: Export, import, readymade, garments. 1 Introduction The ready-made garment (RMG) industry of Bangladesh started in the late 1970s and became a prominent player in the economy within a short period of time. The industry has contributed to export earnings, foreign exchange earnings, employment creation, poverty alleviation and the empowerment of women. Shirts, T-shirts, trousers, sweaters and jackets are the main products manufactured and exported by the industry. Bangladesh exports its RMG products mainly to the United States of America and the European Union. These two destinations account...
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...[pic] |Bangladesh at a Glance|[pi|[pi|[pic| | |c] |c] |] | |Introduction | |General information | |Geography | |People | |Economy | |Key indicators | |Transportation | |Communication | |Health and education | | | |Introduction ...
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...period of time, we enjoyed the study of tax system of Bangladesh in various aspect of tax. First of all, we are indebted to our guide teacher Ms.Rehana Frowzier Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, Stamford University Bangladesh. His views, suggestions save us from more difficulties. We are also grateful to our group members’ most valuable cooperation, inspiration and suggestions. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This dissertation report highlights on our practical experience in different types and categories ‘Tax System’ especially Tax System Of Bangladesh. During our short working period, we tried to gather information from News Paper, web sites. But the NBR does not provide information in the web site directly and even it does not publish tax structure implement in Bangladesh. So, we take much information about tax in our personal concept and view of Tax System of Bangladesh. To complete this report, we have gained practical knowledge about various type of Tax System. For example, Tax System Of Bangladesh, canon of taxation and implementation the canon of Bangladesh in Tax System Of Bangladesh. In this way, we are getting knowledge not only the tax system but also the implementation of canon on tax system of Bangladesh. As, tax is an important part of our country development. so, day by day, people are getting more conscious and informed about tax. Object of this study We can gain knowledge about the tax system of Bangladesh by studying this topic. As following aspects of tax...
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...INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a country in South Asia, located on the fertile Bengal delta. It is bordered by the Republic of India to its north, west and east, by the Union of Myanmar (Burma) to its south-east and by the Bay of Bengal to its south. It is separated from the Democratic Republic of Nepal and the Kingdom of Bhutan by the narrow Indian Siliguri Corridor. Together with the neighbouring Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language. The borders of modern Bangladesh took shape during the Partition of Bengal and British India in 1947, when the region became the eastern wing of the newly formed state of Pakistan. Following years of political exclusion, ethnic and linguistic discrimination, and economic neglect by the politically dominant western wing, a surge of popular agitation, nationalism and civil disobedience led in 1971 to the Bangladesh Liberation War, resulting in the separation of the region from Pakistan and the formation of an independent Bangladesh. After independence, the new state proclaimed a secular multiparty democracy. The country then endured decades of poverty, famine, political turmoil and numerous military coups. Since the restoration of democracy in 1991, the country has experienced relative calm and economic progress, though its main political parties remain polarized. Post Independence Bangladesh had to face the devastation wrought...
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...Resume of MD. GOLAM MOSTAFA Mailing Address: Md. Golam Mostafa 64(Gr. floor), Arjat Para Tejgaon, Dhaka-1215. BANGLADESH. Mobile: +88-01716667142 E-mail: mostafa_4562000@yahoo.com TABLE OF CONTENTS i. Present Status ii. Work Experience iii. Educational Qualification iv. Computer Based Skills v. Personal Information |PRESENT STATUS | |Company Name |: |Zaara Composite Textiles Ltd. | |Working Address |: |Surabari, Kashimpur, Joydevpur, Gazipur. | |Designation |: |Executive, HR & Compliance | |Duration |: |8th January, 2008 To Till now. | |Responsibilities |: |Carry out manpower planning to forecast future demand and supply. | | ...
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...Economic structure and growth When the Europeans set up trading posts around the area of Bangladesh, the British dominated the region. As such, Bangladesh was part of British India until the region was split up into India and Pakistan in 1947. Pakistan was comprised of West Pakistan (current Pakistan) and East Bengal (current Bangladesh. This awkward arrangement of a two-part country with its territorial units 1,600 km apart left the Bengalis marginalized and dissatisfied. In 1971, East Bengal separated from Pakistan and was renamed Bangladesh. Ever since, economic development has been very slow, hampered by political turmoil. It is one of the poorest countries in the world with nominal GDP per head of only USD 1,483 and 36% of the population living below the poverty line of USD 1 per day. The low level of human development is also reflected in the UN’s human development index, which ranks Bangladesh 146th out of 182 countries. Economic development is also hampered by a high vulnerability to inundations. Each year, about a third of the country is flooded during the annual monsoon rains. This severely affects the agricultural sector, washing away crops. While the agricultural sector is not especially important in terms of economic size, since it accounts only for 18% of GDP, it employs 45% of the country’s labor force. The industrial sector contributes 29% to GDP and within this sector the textiles and garment sector is a key growth driver. Unfortunately, the industrial sector...
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...flow in Bangladesh (Source: http://www.bangladesh-bank.org/) 2015-2016 | | | 2016-2017 | | | Year/Month | Remittances | | In million US dollar | In million Taka | 2014-2015 | 9920.00(April’15) | 770047.12 | 2013-2014 | 14228.26 | 1105823.62 | 2012-2013 | 14461.14 | 1156460.78 | 2011-2012 | 12843.43 | 1018827.79 | 2010-2011 | 11650.32 | 829928.90 | ***Year Wise Foreign currency Reserve in Bangladesh Bank: (Source: http://www.bangladesh-bank.org/) Period | Reserves(In million US $) | 2016-2017 | | 2015-2016 | | 2014-2015 | 23B (26th Feb, 15) | 2013-2014 | 21558.0 | 2012-2013 | 15315.2 | 2011-2012 | 10364.4 | 2010-2011 | 10911.6 | The inflation rate in Bangladesh was recorded at 6.32 percent in April of 2015. Inflation Rate in Bangladesh averaged 6.63 percent from 1994 until 2015 Inflation in Bangladesh in 2015, January-6.04, February-6.14, March-6.27 And April-6.32. 10.59 million tons in the year 1971 when the country's population was only about 70.88 millions. However, the country is now producing about 25.0 million tons to feed her 135 million people. This indicates that the growth of rice production was much faster than the growth of population. This increased rice production has been possible largely due to the adoption of modern rice varieties on around 66% of the rice land which contributes to about 73% of the country's total rice production However, there is no reason to be complacent. The population of Bangladesh is still...
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...Literature review Katha kartik in her article ‘Climate change and migration: a case study from rural Bangladesh’ stated that in costal Bangladesh, environmental threats like cyclone, raises sea level etc are damaging shelter, affecting livelihoods, decreasing the amount of safe water available and creating threat to life. All aspects effort as motivation towards migration, forcing people to go in search of safer environments that can offer them reliable livelihoods, and household security (Black et al. 2008, quoted in Kartik 2011). But here author claimed that displacement may be a short-term managing strategy, it can’t be called ‘adaptation’ to deal with future environmental shocks and stresses. This article establishes link between forced displacement (migration in a short area for a short time) and environmental shocks. The author finally argued that forced displacement should be reduced by taking effective strategies. The article named ‘Climate Refugees in Bangladesh: Understanding the migration process at the local level’ portrayed an overall scenario about climate change related migration. Extreme climate events like floods, cyclones and tidal surges, as well as gradual impacts of climate change like salinity or river erosion, cause climate induced migration (Anwar, 2012). This study attempt to explore diverse reasons of push and pull variables of displacement. Based on opinions from affected people as well as relevant stakeholders, it also catch how this push and...
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...the telecom industry seem endless & lucrative due to the continuous innovation & growing demand for mobile telephony. Mobile phone has become an indispensable part of Bangladesh's everyday-life and has made a "safe haven" in one of our pockets much like our wallet that we never want to leave at home while we head for our work! Thanks to the telecom-revolution and its relentless evolution that together have made it possible even in developing countries like Bangladesh. This is the dominant device that we now express ourselves through, get our work done and share our pains and pleasures with. In this paper we have analyzed the mobile telecom industry of Bangladesh on the basis of Porter’s five forces model. Here we also show the historical background of Bangladeshi telecommunication sector, the key points of bargaining of suppliers & customers, impact of internet on telecommunication sector, impact of internet on annual growth of the mobile operators, problems of telecommunication sector in Bangladesh, future prospects of telecommunication sector & so on. Here we have also analyzed the competitive strategy of the mobile operators. Very much like the nature of the technology, the telecom industry in our country is also changing very rapidly. This is now in its saturation and the subscriber base as a result is increasing at a decreasing rate. The paper presents ways on how the industry can stay here for longer period through expansion and growth before it turns...
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...Trends of Foreign Direct Investment in Bangladesh CHAPTER ONE Background of the Study 1. Introduction 1.1 Introduction Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is considered as one of the vital ingredients for overall development process of a developing Bangladesh. country like Industrial development is an important pre-requisite growth country. of for a economic developing is Bangladesh basically a country of agrarian economy. For her economic development, industrial economy is imperative. So Bangladesh is gradually moving from agrarian economy to industrial economy. In the age of globalization, it has become a burning issue to exchange views, ideas, capital and human resources. Government of Bangladesh is trying to create a favorable investment environment through introducing economic policies, incentives for investors, promoting privatization and so on. Therefore, the contribution of FDI is necessary in the enhancement of a country‟s economic growth. Researchers have marked FDI as an important factor in accelerating economic success and wealth of a country as well as a door in creating jobs, facilitating economy, and creating more competitive environment and contributing productivity to the host country. 1 Trends of Foreign Direct Investment in Bangladesh In Bangladesh, FDI plays a significant role in GDP acceleration and economic growth (Mottaleb 2007). FDI has a mentionable role in the modernization of the Bangladesh economy for last two decades. It helps the country...
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