...Baroque Music Period “Baroque music expresses order, the fundamental order of the universe. Yet it is always lively and tuneful. Follow the development of music through this brief outline, from the earliest times to the present day, with baroque music set in historical context.” The style of polyphonic music containing elaborate ornamentation and contrasting elements, that is how Baroque music is defined. The Baroque era in music is not a set style in music but many diverse styles which may be broken down into at least three distinct periods. A renewed interest in art and music was experienced throughout the Renaissance which then led to the Baroque era which was more of a transitional stage leading up to the maturity of classical music in the Classical era which began as Baroque ended. Many people believe that the word baroque came from two different places. Some believe that it came from the word barocco, which is Italian and means bizarre or strange. Others believe that it is Portuguese and it came from the word barroco meaning distorted or irregularly shaped pearl. The barroco was considered more beautiful because of its uniqueness. Either way the name stuck. Instrumental music in the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras were called sonatas, concertos, and sinfonias interchangeably. The order and shape of their movements were often very similar. Works that used between five and seven violins with contino were often called sonatas and concertos, though they were more often...
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...1-31-11 Special Project -The Baroque Period The Baroque period, in which the word, baroque came from the Portuguese, and translating into “rough pearl”, was essentially the declining period after the Renaissance. At first, people said the Baroque artists were tasteless, bizarre, and grotesque, but later everyone’s opinions changed. One man called it, “The Age of Genius” because during this period the fundamentals of astronomy, math, biology, philosophy, botany, and history were born. During this period, people also had a notion that the world was dependent on supernatural powers and that nature is based on laws that can be proven by science and “critical thinking.” People agreed that the world was a fabulous machine and everyone just needed to figure out how it worked, so they would soon be in harmony with the laws of nature. However, centuries later, this was proven wrong. New social customs came about which led to a new democratic idea, which then led to big changes in society. For example, the roles of women, marriage, sex, eating and drinking, manners, and how they dress. The art in the Baroque period was based on a mixture of a couple things; reflecting the art during the Renaissance, “scientific principles”, with lots of emotion; and some art depended on religion, majorly. The architecture was meant to be very tremendous and inspirational. Sculptures tried to capture dramatic movement. Overall, Baroque artists tried to awaken feelings and emotions of everyone and...
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...Differences between Baroque and Classical Music Patricia Tyson HUMA 266 19 June 2012 Beverly Smith I. Introduction Since the beginning of time Art has been a huge factor in our daily lives from Caveman to present time. As we move forward from caveman drawings to art forms such as painting, sculpture, music, and dance our outlook of art changes. The function of art falls into three, categories, personal, social and physical functions. Regardless of art forms or categories each form brings a different sense of awareness, and innovation to an individual. Say for instance in viewing of the Sesame Street Mural with its characters, I would view it as a beautiful still painting of youthful energy. Others view it as a waste of Art. II. ART EXPOSURE A. Painting My family was exposed to various paintings while station in Germany. Downtown is where the huge painting of various dignitaries were. We had the opportunity to tour various Castle while station at Leighton Barracks. My favorite tour was the Nuremberg Castle. There were high ceilings with paintings of clouds, horses and fighting knights. Long hallways were line with pictures of past Kings and Queens. There were also paintings of the children who last lived in the castle. The Dining Room was huge with a table setting of about 20 or more. The walls were lined with fallen warriors. Behind the castle was an open forest where one of the kings built a Tea house for his wife and her guest. Within these...
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...El Barroco fue un período de la historia[->0] en la cultura[->1] occidental que produjo obras en numerosos campos artísticos: literatura[->2], arquitectura[->3], escultura[->4], pintura[->5], música[->6], ópera[->7], danza[->8], teatro[->9], etc. Se manifestó principalmente en Europa occidental[->10], aunque debido al colonialismo[->11] también se dio en numerosas colonias[->12] de las potencias europeas, principalmente en Latinoamérica[->13]. Cronológicamente, abarcó todo el siglo XVII[->14] y principios del XVIII[->15], con mayor o menor prolongación en el tiempo dependiendo de cada país. Se suele situar entre el Manierismo[->16] y el Rococó[->17], en una época caracterizada por fuertes disputas religiosas entre países católicos[->18] y protestantes[->19], así como marcadas diferencias políticas entre los estados absolutistas[->20], donde la aristocracia[->21] ejercía un férreo poder, y los parlamentarios[->22], donde una incipiente burguesía[->23] empezaba a poner los cimientos delcapitalismo[->24]. La música barroca[->25] es uno de los periodos de la historia musical[->26] occidental. Para Stanley Sadie este periodo posee cierta unidad entre 1600 y 1750 desde el compositor Monteverdi[->27] a Johann Sebastian Bach[->28] y Händel[->29]. Ivo Supicic considera que gran parte de la música de este periodo tiene una serie de características musicales comunes. La mayor parte de los estudiosos entienden que existen tres aspectos claves en el desarrollo de esta nueva expresividad...
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...Baroque Period Baroque music describes a period or style of European classical music approximately extending from 1600 to 1750. This era is said to begin in music after the Renaissance and was followed by the Classical music era. The word "baroque" came from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning "misshapen pearl", a strikingly fitting characterization of the architecture of this period; later, the name came to be applied also to its music. Baroque music forms a major portion of the classical music canon, being widely studied, performed, and listened to. It is associated with composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach, Antonio Vivaldi, Jean-Baptiste Lully, George Frideric Handel, Arcangelo Corelli, Claudio Monteverdi, and Henry Purcell. The baroque period saw the development of functional tonality. During the period, composers and performers used more elaborate musical ornamentation; made changes in musical notation, and developed new instrumental playing techniques. Baroque music expanded the size, range, and complexity of instrumental performance, and also established opera as a musical genre. Many musical terms and concepts from this era are still in use today. History of the name Music described as Baroque is a broad range of styles from a wide geographic region, mostly in Europe, composed during a period of approximately 160 years. The systematic application of the term "baroque" to music of this period is a relatively recent development. It was in 1919 that...
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...Research Paper Done by: Alain Camous Professor Payne March 7, 2012 ENC 1102 Outline Baroque era was where the most important turn in music took place with its unique arts and its controversial styles to music in its time. I. Definition of Baroque Era A. Can mean different things 1. Bizarre 2. Flamboyant 3. Elaborately Ornamented. 4. Historians meaning a. Used to indicate the particular style in all different forms of art. B. Known as “the age of absolutism” 1. Royals abuse power 2. Throws Bach into jail for asking to leave the job C. Shaping of the world 1. Newton 2. Galileo II. Baroque era music and phases A. Famous composers of the time 1. Johann Sebastian Bach 2. George Frideric Handel 3. Monteverdi 4. Purcell 5. Corelli 6. Vivaldi B. Phases in the Baroque era 1. Early 2. Middle 3. Late III. Early Phase A. Homophonic over Polyphonic 1. Two different melodies rather than many IV. Middle Phase A. Spread from Italy to every country in Europe 1. Influenced churches B. Scales gave a new outlook to music in the world V. Late Phase A. Music composed still played today in band rooms all over the world B. Instrumental music more important than vocal music VI. Characteristics of Baroque A. Seven different categories 1. Unity of Mood a. One basic mood b. Emotional states represented 2. Rhythm a. Beat has...
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...Alessandro Scarlatti (2 May 1660 – 24 October 1725) Alessandro Scarlatti was an Italian Baroque composer especially famous for his operas and chamber cantatas. He is considered the founder of the Neapolitan school of opera. He was the father of two other composers, Domenico Scarlatti and Pietro Filippo Scarlatti. Life Scarlatti was born in Palermo, then part of the Kingdom of Sicily. He is generally said to have been a pupil of Giacomo Carissimi in Rome, and some theorize that he had some connection with northern Italy because his early works seem to show the influence of Stradella and Legrenzi. The production at Rome of his opera Gli Equivoci nell sembiante (1679) gained him the support of Queen Christina of Sweden (who at the time was living in Rome), and he became her Maestro di Cappella. In February 1684 he became 'Maestro di Cappella to the viceroy of Naples, perhaps through the influence of his sister, an opera singer, who might have been the mistress of an influential Neapolitan noble. Here he produced a long series of operas, remarkable chiefly for their fluency and expressiveness, as well as other music for state occasions. In 1702 Scarlatti left Naples and did not return until the Spanish domination had been superseded by that of the Austrians. In the interval he enjoyed the patronage of Ferdinando de' Medici, for whose private theatre near Florence he composed operas, and of Cardinal Ottoboni, who made him his maestro di cappella, and procured him a similar...
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...instigating "Holy" Crusades against the East, establishing Universities, and generally dictating the destiny of music, art, and literature. It was during this time that Pope Gregory I is generally believed to have collected and codified the music known as Gregorian Chant, which was the approved music of the Church. Much later, the University at Notre Dame in Paris saw the creation of a new kind of music called organum. Secular music was performed throughout Europe by the troubadours and trouvères of France. And it was during these "Middle Ages" that Western culture saw the appearance of the first great name in music, Guillaume de Machaut. The Last Supper by Tintoretto The Renaissance Generally considered to be from ca.1420 to 1600, the Renaissance (which literally means "rebirth") was a time of great cultural awakening and a flowering of the arts, letters, and sciences throughout Europe. With the rise of humanism, sacred music began for the first time to break free of the confines of the Church, and a school of composers trained in the Netherlands mastered the art of polyphony in their settings of sacred music. One of the early masters of the Flemish style was Josquin des Prez. These polyphonic traditions reached their culmination in the unsurpassed works of Giovanni da Palestrina. Of course, secular music thrived during this period, and instrumental and dance music was performed in abundance, if not...
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...The Baroque Orchestra By Nunana Akoli Music during the Baroque period is known as the foundation for what is classical music, and one extremely important type of music is the Baroque Orchestra. This type of Orchestra was mainly practised from 1600 to 1750, following the death of one of the most influential composers of the time, Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750). During this time period, the Baroque Orchestra was created and developed by other very prominent composers of the time including George Frideric Handel (1685-1759), Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741), Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713), Claudio Montreverdi (1567-1643), Girolamo Frescobaldi (1583-1643), Alessandro Scarlatti (1660-1725), Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757), Giovanni Bbattista Pergolesi (1710-1736) and many more. The Baroque period took advantage of the detailed use of polyphony, which is the texture which consists of 2 or more melodic tones that are woven together and played simultaneously, opposed to music that just consists of a single melodic voice or one with a more dominant melodic voice which would then be accompanied by chords. The orchestra itself was carried by a variety of different instruments including: Strings -Violin, The origins of the violin date back to as far as the 9th century and were thought to be first used by the Persian geographer named Ibn Khurradadhibih. JS Bach, Antonio Vivaldi and Arcangelo Corelli were well known for being talented violinists; Violins replaced Viols which were much...
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...Antonio Vivaldi Antonio Vivaldi was one of the leading musicians of the Baroque period. He was a classical composer and musician. Antonio Lucio Vivaldi was born March 4, 1678 in Venice, Italy to Giovanni Battista Vivaldi and Camilla Calicchio. He was the oldest of five children. Giovanni was a barber who later became a professional violinist. It was Antonio’s father who taught him to play the violin and together they toured Venice and were even noted as one of Venice’s main tourist attractions. When Vivaldi was around 14 or 15 he began the study of priesthood; in the 1600s, this was a common way for a poor family to get a free education for their child. Vivaldi was ordained on March 23, 1703 at the age of 25. He was known as the ‘Red Priest’ because of his red hair. Vivaldi worked at an orphanage which was called the Ospedale della Pieta (Hospice of Mercy) as the maestro di violin This was an all-girls orphanage, which was for the illegitimate daughters of Venice’s noblemen and the school was dedicated to the education and care of young women. The musical standards at Ospedale were among the highest in Venice and Vivaldi served as the music director. At Ospedale, every month he would write two concerti for the girls’ choir to perform, these accounted for the large variety of the music Vivaldi wrote. These concerti were often quite difficult, and the girls of the Ospedale choir must have possessed a great amount of talent to perform them. Several of Vivaldi’s students...
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...George Frideric Handel and Baroque Music Name: 高晓莹（Alison） Student No.：130440202 Major：Applied English（International Business） George Frideric Handel and Baroque Music It is commonly believed that music is an important way to express one's feelings and emotions. Music tells us who we are as well as reflects our thinking ,values and the social environment it came from. As we know, in the long run of history, music vary from period to period. Baroque music is one of the special style of music.Baroque music describes a style of European classical music approximately extending from 1600 to 1750. This era is said to begin in music after the Renaissance and was followed by the Classical era. The word "baroque" came from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning "misshapen pearl".That is to say, the typical characteristic of Baroque music is replacing the old with the new , though it may be irregular, exaggerated as well as grand. George Frideric Handel is a famous German-born British composer during this period. He was born in Halle (Germany), on February 23rd,1685, just a month before JS Bach was born in Eisenach, not so far to the south. Handel's father intended him for the law, but his own musical inclinations soon prevailed.He was strongly influenced both by the great composers of the Italian Baroque and the middle-German polyphonic choral tradition. Following his studies in Germany, Handel went to Italy where he spent more than three years...
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...Antonio Lucio Vivaldi Antonio Vivaldi, also known as the Red Priest, was a Baroque music composer. Not only was he a composer, he was expert violinist. Being born on March 4th, 1678 in Venice, Italy, he grew up being a priest in mind. He was then ordained in 1703 obtaining the name “Red Priest” because he had red hair. After his priesting days, he became a violin teacher at an orphanage for girls named Pio Ospedale della Pieta. After writing a little while teaching, he began to see his true potential and so did the people around him. In 1713 he decided to take leave off of the orphanage and play at his first opera in Vicenza named Ottone in villa. Up-starting his career he traveled around composing operas, cantatas and concert music. After countless operas, cantatas and concerts, Vivaldi has reached a magnificent goal of becoming a famous composer. Before Vivaldi decided to become a composer, he was studying to become a priest. He began at the age of 15. In 1703 he was ordained as a priest, also obtaining the name “Red Priest”. It was said that Vivaldi had an asthma condition. Wearing the priest uniform squeezed his chest making it very hard for him to breathe. About a year into being a priest, he had to quit because of his asthma condition. Moving on, Vivaldi picked up a violin and practiced that. He played at the orphanage for girls named Pio Ospedale della Pieta. Constantly playing there, he was appointed to be a violin teacher. He taught the young girls there from 1703...
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...talented violinist at Saint Mark's Cathedral himself, had sparked interest in music in young Antonio. He helped him in making a decision of taking on a career in music. He encouraged and made him enter the Cappella di San Marco orchestra, where he soon became a highly appreciated violinist (Wikipedia). In 1703 Vivaldi became a priest known by the nickname "The Red Priest", because of his red hair. He was not interested in priesthood and the only reason for joining was his financial situation. That was was the only possible way for his poor family to receive free schooling. Nevertheless, very soon, in 1704, he was pardoned from celebrating the Holy Mass because of his bad health. Later, he became a violin teacher at an orphanage for girls called Ospedale della Pietà in Venice. The orphans soon started to gain appreciation and esteem as Vivaldi wrote most of his concertos, cantata, and sacred music for them. In 1705 the first collection of his works was published. He was a prolific composer producing over 500 concertos, 46 Operas, symphonies, 73 sonatas, chamber music, and sacred music. His most famous work is believed to be the Four Seasons (Wikipedia). Vivaldi's music is especially innovative since he added brightness to the very formal and rhythmic structure of concertos. He constantly searched for harmonic contrasts, creating innovative melodies and themes. Vivaldi’ ultimate goal was to create music that could be understood and appreciated not only by an intellectual minority...
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...Robert Chin Professor Moore Hum 2020 31 March 2014 The History of Baroque Dance Vs Romantic Era (1850-1869) Baroque dance is theatrical and social dancing. Baroque dance is dance that is done with music only. This music would be in the classical music category in the modern times. It was inspired by the court dances of the time. The style includes both social (ballroom) dancing and theatrical dancing (ballet). The difference in the two styles is that the theatrical style added more virtuosic steps, and actions appropriate to the character that the dancer was playing. Many of these tunes share the name of the associated dance. The terms minuet, sarabande, gigue (or jig), bourée, rigaudon, gavotte, courante, chaconne or passacaille may be mentioned in the context of music. All of these terms are dances which are all examples of baroque dances. Jean-Baptiste Lande taught this dance at a school he established. Although unintentional, King Louis XIV influenced the dance as well. In practice the style originated in France and was mainly influenced the European upper classes. The dance was popular and spread across Europe. Spain, England, and others embraced the forms of dance. King Louis XIV influenced society through his passion for dance which led to the establishment of the Academie Royale de la Danse in 1661. The young King Louis XIV employed dance as a weapon of State. As he was famous for his control over his court he encouraged them in social pursuits of the dance while...
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...as the basis for their new compositions? * Chant was believed to have originated from Gregory the Great, who received it directly from God. * C., 800 Charlemagne mandated the standardization of chant repertoire in his kingdom. * Given the long tradition, including chant in new sacred music legitimized the new composition. 2. Why is Paris an important site for the notation of polyphonic music? * Paris was home to a preeminent university * University members were smart and innovative * Acoustical reverberation in gothic architecture necessitated the rhythmic organization of music. * Rhythmic notation was devised to help coordinate singers. 3. How did Notre organum say something new and old at the same time? * N.D organum used official sanctioned melodies as the basis for new compositions, thus paying respect to God, church, authority , and musical tradition.(OLD) * N.D organum added voices to preexisting chants. * N.D organum composers rhythmicized these added voices. Renaissance 4. How does the sound of Renaissance music differ medieval music? * Sacred Music: * Imitative polyphony is used * sacred music and secular music is sung in vernacular * Rhythms are more uniform 5. What is Mass ordinary and what makes it special? * MO is text that remains the same in every mass * It is the part of mass that does not change * Same chants, chorus, hymns, and reading, no matter date and occasion *...
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