...IB SL Geography – Urban Environments Case Study: Air Pollution in Beijing 1. What evidence is there that Chinese cities in general suffer from air pollution? Due to Chinas recent exponential economic growth, pollution has been put to one side and has not been a priority in most cases. Air pollution, a negative externality of economic growth, in China’s northern cities exceed the standards of the World Health Organisation by 5 or 6 times. Respiratory disease, often a result of soot-clogged lungs, is the leading cause of death in China, accounting for 26 per cent of all deaths. Compared to the United States this mortality rate is 5 ½ times worse. A study showed that particles in the Chinese air cause 915,000 premature deaths each year, including those of 300,000 children who die from lung infections. Another 600,000 adults die early of some sort of respiratory blockage and 15,000 fall victim to lung cancer caused by bad, polluted air. 2. Identify the main source of air pollution in Beijing. The main source of air pollution in Beijing, and in most Chinese cities, is the burning of coal. Coal is the main fossil fuel used for heating, cooking and for industry. China has large reserves of coal, however most of it is of very poor quality, and containing large amounts of sulphur. Over 60% of Beijing's total energy consumption is coal, representing just over 30 million tonnes per annum. Of this total use of coal, 70% of it is consumed by the manufacturing industry...
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...Describe a TV presenter Well, there are so many different TV programs on show everyday in diversified channels; hence there are thousands and thousands of TV presenters we can see. Some may leave us a very deep impression while others may not leave a thing in our mind. Here, I’d like to talk about the TV presenter I love, Wu Zongxian, although others may have a mixed feeling about him. Being a TV presenter in Taiwan, Wu started his career in the field of variety shows in the late 1980s, and then he became famous because of his unique style of hosting TV programs and therefore the TV programs he hosted are constantly ahead in the ratings. All these earn him the top salary among those TV presenters in Taiwan, being the local king for many rs. In 2008, he even won the Golden Bell Awards in television industry. His fast reaction and tactfulness in hosting is among the first class, second to few others, and gradually, he formed his own style of hosting TV programs. Because he likes to use those popular words on the internet, and his figure is not like other middle-aged men, he is quite popular among the young audience. However, he also likes to rip on people, open the low gun, speak nonsense, and disrespect women, which, meanwhile, bring him a lot of criticisms. Thanks to the change of the criteria of assessment, Wu was nominated three times for the best TV presenter in 2006,2007 and 2008, and successfully won the golden bell award in 2008 with the popular program “guess, guess...
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...1. Introduction 1.1 Purpose This report is going to make a feasible marketing plan of Aesop’s expansion into Beijing, the capital of China. The internal and external factors which impacts market expansion will be analyzed and then come to the objectives setting. Based on those objectives, marketing strategies will be supplied after marketing segmentation, targeting consumer market and positioning the company. Finally, we will demonstrate the implementation and the monitoring strategies. 1.2 Methodology Data comes from professional articles, ABS website, business news and financial magazines. 1.3 Limitation This report based on secondary date from articles, reports and websites. Without doing any consumer research in the real market, some conditions could be restricted to the marketing plan. In the mean time, cosmetics sold or made in China need to meet the animal testing requirements, especially the foreign imported ordinary cosmetics(Vicky, 2015). However, China is making changes for the animal testing laws, there are still chances and solutions for Aesop to enter. What’s more, Aesop has already established its official online store in China, which will pose treat to the physical stores’ sales. But Aesop is famous for its purchasing experience, hence there still have market share for it. At last, some of the data we used were produced before 2014, thus it may not clearly reflect the current consumption trend of the market. 1.4 Company background Aesop was established...
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...A Gentler China: A special report; 4 Years after Tiananmen, The Hard Line Is Cracking By : Khadija Mukhtar Published: June 3, 1994 BEIJING, May 29— nearly four years have passed since the Communist hard-liners sent tanks to Tiananmen Square, filling the morgues with the broken bodies of young fighters for democracy and casting a repressive nightfall across the country. Now a dawn of sorts has gradually broken across China. While thousands of "counterrevolutionaries" remain behind bars, often subject to beatings and humiliation, on the whole the repression seems to be easing. China is in some respects putting the hard-line era behind it and returning to the way it was before the Tiananmen crackdown. In Hiding for Years One young scholar wanted by the police for his role in the democracy movement spent several years in hiding, trying desperately to flee the country. Last year he decided that escape was impossible, so he returned to Beijing and sorrowfully turned himself in to the police. "Frankly," a police official told him dismissively, before sending him home again, "we don't want you anymore." Fear has diminished, though certainly not vanished. Cultural restrictions have relaxed, allowing newspapers and magazines to write about issues like pollution and homosexuality. Thousands of political prisoners arrested after Tiananmen have been released, and most are allowed to leave China. Political study classes are out, and talk radio is in. One human face of these changes...
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...Levin Human Capital Consulting Group Macro Environmental Study in China Macro Environmental Study in China 40 Yr-on-yr % Change of GDP Executive Summary The National People's Congress The People's Republic of China The Chairman The Central People’s Government The Central Military Commission The Supreme People's Court The people's procuratorates 30 20 10 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2004 507 2265 32132 1500 Categories Low-income country $ Medium-income country $ High-income country $ China $ 1990 356 1170 19617 320 2000 383 1723 26528 930 2002 394 1770 26130 1100 2003 439 1938 28195 1270 GDP in Expenditure 10000 8000 6000 4000 billion RMB Private Consumption Government Expenditure Gross Dom. Fixed Capt. Local Congresses and Governments Autonomous Regions Economic Scenario Gross Domestic Production 2000 0 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 -2000 Pillar Industries GDP 25000 20000 15000 10000 Billion RMB 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 Billion RMB Types of Industries 2005 Net Im & Export 1st Ind. 2nd Ind. 3rd Ind. 5000 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2000 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 % Share In Different Areas Southwest 9% CentralSouth 16% Northwest 11% North China 22% Northeast 18% East China 24% 2006 2006 2005 580 2640 35131 1740 -1- Levin Human Capital Consulting Group Macro Environmental Study in China...
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...Corporate strategies for a business In order to success, we must have positive visions and goal. To do that, the first thing we must do is find a way where is leads to your goal. Our organization is restaurant, the main goal is to reach the international level and become a chain food restaurant in worldwide. Nothing comes in an empty hand, we have to work very hard and overcome some obstacle to the goal. Problems: These are the major problem we will face in order to achieve our goal, it cannot be solve in few days or month. I) The first is will be the money, it makes the world turn. It has cost a few millions in fully constructing our restaurant in Penang, no doubt it will cost more in outer of Malaysia. To over come this problem, there is some ways. We either get the profit from this restaurant and slowly plan our next move, partnership with other or loan from bank. These strategy will be use in separately depend on the location. I) The second will be the reputation of our restaurant, the fame level of our restaurant. The fame of your restaurant must be very good in order to expand our restaurant to a world wide level. In order to success, everything in our restaurant must be best of the best. First, our food must be very good, satisfy the demand or desire of the customer. Customer service is the second, the satisfaction of the customer is very important to us. The feedback the the customer is far more powerful then the advertising of ours. A positive feedback...
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...EAT2EAT.com Case Eat2Eat.com is an internet based restaurant reservation services covering major Asia Pacific cities. Moreover, the website also provides restaurant reviews, recipes, interviews with leading chefs and lists of top establishments in various categories. Issues: 1. Promotion strategies: In market target aspect, EAT2EAT mainly focused on company secretaries and personal assistants who typically tasked with arranging business diner and there are only 43 percent individual users. 2. Raising additional capital: EAT2EAT only have one investment from its owner Aggarwal. Although EAT2EAT had established a strong presence, additional investment is expected for market exploring, public relations and technology upgrade. 3. Market lag: The service is popular in Tokyo and Seoul but did not have a great acceptance in Hong Kong and Singapore. Analysis: Eat2Eat’s users can be divided into two categories: Personal Use (43%) and Corporate Use (57%). The average revenue per user is calculated to be $40.31 in 2005. However, the average cost of acquiring each user was calculated at $45.03. This implies inefficiencies within the current business model. EAT2EAT need to raise 2 million dollars in additional capital. Fifty percent of capital is for hiring more customer representatives, fourty percent of capital would be spent on public relations and personal market expanding. The rest would be used as technology upgrade. Recommendations: 1. Eat2Eat...
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...Cultural Clash: An American in China This past summer I had the opportunity to do an accounting internship in Beijing, China. I was really excited to go overseas to a country that is a big economic leader and has many ancient and cultural sites to visit. I had gotten my visa and passport, and was told that staff members of my internship program will pick me up at the airport in Beijing. In my mind, everything was going accordingly. Unfortunately, my flight from Chicago had a two-hour delay and so I ended up arriving one whole day late to Beijing. That meant that nobody was going to pick me up at the airport and I had to get to my apartment complex all by myself. This wouldn’t be as much of a problem if I knew how to speak Mandarin. I learned that in Beijing, not very many people speak English; not even a few words. From my American perspective, I thought what kind of country doesn’t even speak English, especially taxi drivers! At the airport a taxi driver approached me and asked if I needed assistance. I thought that the taxi drivers hear provide great hospitality, however I was wrong. I later learned that I had gotten into a ‘black cab’. I ended up paying 400 Yuan for what should’ve been a 100-150 Yuan expense. Another instance in which language was a major barrier/obstacle was during my first day of work. The staff members of the internship program said they would drop interns off at their workplace on the first day of work, however interns must go home by themselves. After...
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...established the “Walmart China Women’s Leadership Development Commission” for driving women’s career development. Following themes recently emphasized in the Chinese government’s 12th Five Year Plan, we have created programs that support domestic consumption, boost rural economic development, create economic opportunities to raise employment, strengthen food safety systems and promote sustainability across our business. For example, beginning in the 2011 spring season, vegetable farmers in many area of China, including Henan, Shanxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang and Liaoning, have suffered from unsellable vegetables. To answer the call of the Ministry of Commerce and local governments to help this situation, Walmart signed a proposal in Beijing to help farmers sell excess vegetables through our direct farm program. The company has been purchasing vegetables and fruits from farmers and selling them at fair price in its store outlets across China, which has helped farmers through a period of difficulty and ensured that our customers get safe and affordable produce. Community At Walmart China, we are contributing to a harmonious society and community. Over the past 15 years, we’ve donated more than RMB 65 million (USD 9.7 million)...
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...experienced some of them, it's great! You’d better to try some. Ban: do you have something to recommend? Yan: there is a very famous turkish kebabs reasturant is overlooking my house，they offer shish kebab, donor kebab, mixed kebab and the most popular one which is kalasuni Ban: oh, i don't know, it seems that all of these food are greasy. mind you, girls prefer to have some light diet to keep slim. do you have any other options? Yan: Alright, there also is a italy restaruat,they have brought out a new style of spaghetti,it is fantastic! i heard the chef had been worked for the the queen of united kindom. Ban: oh, sound good, i always love noodles, but, as long as i am in beijing, i would like to try some local cuisine Yan: what about peking roast duck, the most popular food in Beijing, Oh sorry I forgot you have just Mind Me.. ok, i know there is a very popular night market which is not far away...
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...Beijing Though the Beijing area had been fought over and populated in previous years, the first major city in this zone hadn't been established until 938 A.D. Originally, Beijing had been called Nanjing, or Nanking, which means the “Southern Capital.” Nanjing was made the secondary capital of the Liao Dynasty at the time of its establishment. In 1125, the Liao Dynasty became part of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty, and Nanjing was made the new capital of this kingdom after it was renamed Zhongdu, meaning the “central capital.” The Liao Dynasty fell to the Mongols in 1215, and burned Zhongdu to the ground. Soon after, the city was rebuilt under Kublai Khan and named Dadu, which means the “grand capital.” It wasn't until the Ming Dynasty that this city was named Beijing, and began to take its modern form in 1403. Today, Beijing is home to more than 17 million people, and is booming with industry and culture. Beijing is famous for its public operas which involve song, spoken dialogue, and various actions such as acrobatics or fighting sequences. The Siheyuan (四合院) is a traditional architectural style of Beijing. Based on a square design, a siheyuan consists of rooms enclosing a central courtyard. Hutongs, slim alleys that separate siheyuans, usually go from east to west, and represent closeness and humbleness, and connect old parts of Beijing together. Peking Roast Duck is famous in Beijing, and is considered a prestigious and expensive dish. The chef who created the Peking Duck is judged...
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...China’s Great Wall Name: Institution: Course: Date due: Purpose of the Great Wall of China There are various reasons why the great wall was constructed. One of them was for security. That is because it was built with the aim of protecting the empire of the Chinese people from the war like communities and the Mongolians (Webster, 2008). Beacons towers, forts, and passes were also build and they were used to store foods for the military and they were also used as a means of spreading military information thus making them always alert. The wall also helped in the development of infrastructure and economic activities. That is because it helped in protecting culture progress and economic development. Challenges faced when building the great wall The constructors of the wall went through many challenges. One of the challenges is that it led to the deaths of very many people. That is because the work was very tedious and it did not allow them to rest and as a result some people were not strong enough to carry one thus they died. Another challenge is the foreign attacks (DuTemple, 2003). The attacks made the work to be challenging and slow since the constructors were always afraid of being attacked. They also got to live in fear since most of the times they were attacked when they least expected. The attacks, therefore, led to the deaths of very many people and at times some people were left with great injuries or even crippled. It, therefore, discouraged them...
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...Fences Make Good Neighbors If a fence is between two houses, it is usually there to help keep the peace and to aid in keeping different peoples’ lives separate, usually resulting in two happy, ordinary lives. As Robert Frost says in “Mending Wall”, “Good fences make good neighbors.”(27), which implies exactly what it’s saying, a fence between two people will keep them in good terms. Although it talks about fences between neighbors, it can go into a further context, such as a mental barrier between two friends or a wall between nations. The reason a barrier or wall between two people is good for them is because it helps keep conflicting ideas and beliefs separate and makes lives easier. Fences do make good neighbors because of different outcomes it can help achieve. A mental barrier between two people is healthy in any type of relationship for various reasons. In Robert Frost’s “Mending Wall” he says, “We keep the wall between us as we go / To each the boulders that have fallen to each” (15-16). It may be that the first line gives the thought that wherever two people go, there will always be a wall between them, keeping each other’s ideas separate, but keeping them, as people, together. “Boulders” may symbolize heavy events that have happened to a pair that caused the wall between them to strengthen and help them achieve greater things further in life. The poem also reads, “Before I built a wall I’d ask to know / What I was walling in or walling out,” (33-34). This can symbolically...
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...Authoritarianism Authoritarianism is a form of social organization characterized by submission to authority. It is usually opposed to individualism and democracy. In politics, an authoritarian government is one in which political authority is concentrated in a small group of politician. Characteristics Authoritarianism is characterized by highly concentrated and centralized power maintained by political repression and the exclusion of potential challengers. It uses political parties and mass organizations to mobilize people around the goals of the regime. Authoritarianism emphasizes the rule of the few; it often includes election rigging, political decisions being made by a select group of officials behind closed doors, a bureaucracy that sometimes operates independently of rules, which does not properly supervise elected officials, and fails to serve the concerns of the constituencies they purportedly serve. Authoritarianism also tends to embrace the informal and unregulated exercise of political power, a leadership that is "self-appointed and even if elected cannot be displaced by citizens' free choice among competitors," the arbitrary deprivation of civil liberties, and little tolerance for meaningful opposition; A range of social controls also attempt to stifle civil society, while political stability is maintained by control over and support of the armed forces, a pervasive bureaucracy staffed by the regime, and creation of allegiance through various means of socialization and...
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...welcomed Australia's decision to play host to US marines, but noted that "too much of a good thing" could put unnecessary pressure on China. His comments, in an opinion piece in today's edition of The Australian, came as the China Daily state-owned newspaper hit out at Australia's expanding links with the US, warning they could spark a collapse of trust and endanger Sino-Australian economic ties. In a strongly worded editorial, the newspaper yesterday also warned that the Gillard government's decision last month to ban Chinese communications giant Huawei from bidding for work in the $36 billion National Broadband Network had created the perception in Beijing that Australia wanted to obstruct Chinese companies. But, as US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton insisted her nation wanted close and peaceful relations with Beijing, Julia Gillard rejected the Chinese newspaper's suggestion that Australian foreign policy was aimed at containing China. "Australia's clear and firm policy is to engage constructively with China as it continues its remarkable growth and development," the Prime Minister said through a spokesman. Relations between China and Australia have been under pressure since US President Barack Obama visited Canberra in November to announce plans to station up to 2500 US marines in Darwin...
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