...This essay will establish the relationship between groupthink and unethical behaviour among group members. The first part of this essay will define unethical behaviour and the phenomenon of “groupthink”. It will describe how groupthink arises from extreme elevated negative group cohesion. It will outline the behaviour of groupthink dynamics (such as self-importance, over commitment, and excessive devotion to the group) and how groupthink dynamics contributes to unethical behaviour. Next, the essay will identify how groupthink has contributed to the unethical behaviour in the highest levels of decision making. The second part of this essay will identify the role and definition of the devil’s advocate, and how the devil advocate promotes positive communication. Finally, the essay will discuss the importance and the effectiveness of utilizing the devil’s advocate within group decisions for changing unethical behaviour within groupthink. Belonging to a group can promote negative cohesion as it promotes the probabilities of low quality decision making resulting in unethical behaviour among group members. The Oxford University Press (2015) defines unethical behaviour as “lacking moral principles; unwilling to adhere to proper rules of conduct”. Decision making in groups can be hindered by elevated cohesiveness and conformity resulting in the phenomenon called “Groupthink” it can transpire in the highest levels of decision making to the basic levels of social association (McCauley...
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...EFFORTS TO REDUCE OZONE IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Team A SCI/362 June 29, 2011 Kenneth Rayford “EFFORTS TO REDUCE OZONE IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA” The Los Angeles Basin is a plain that lies between the Pacific Ocean and mountains to the north and east. During the summer, the sunny climate produces a layer of warm, dry air at upper elevations. Southern California counties are where almost 15 million people reside. South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) is a governmental organization established in 1977 to deal with the historically poor air quality in the area surrounding Los Angeles. Air pollution injures organisms, reduces visibility, and attacks and corrodes materials such as metals, plastics, rubber, and fabrics. The respiratory tracts of animals, including humans, are particularly harmed by air pollutants, which worsen existing medical conditions such as chronic lung disease, pneumonia, and cardiovascular problems. Discussed in our paper will be several key points that will highlight very important details in regards to the efforts to reduce ozone in Southern California. Topics to be discussed are; described the historical development of the issue, the stakeholder’s involvement in the issue, and the long term effects of the problem, the responsibilities that arise from the ethical position and try to find a solution to this major problem. Air pollution in California began just after World War II. Southern California has been known to have the worst...
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...FSFPE Principal Hughes Associates, Inc. 2374 Post Road, Suite 102 Warwick, RI 02886 401-736-8992 Fire Alarm System Research We’ve Come A Long Way!....Or Have We? First Alarms - roving watchmen using hand bell-ringers or church sextons ringing church bells or factory steam whistles Telegraph Invented by Sam Morse in 1840s From the beginning of recorded history people have learned that early response to fires had positive results in controlling those fires. When someone discovered a fire the fire brigades and fire departments were alerted by roving watchmen using hand bell-ringers or church sextons ringing church bells or factory steam whistles. Unfortunately these systems did not provide very much detail and often directed the fire department to the wrong location. But with the advent of the telegraph, invented in the early 1840’s by Samuel F. B. Morse, firefighters were given a faster and more accurate fire reporting system. In 1847, New York became the first American city to begin construction of a municipal fire alarm system required by ordinance “to construct a line of telegraph, by setting posts in the ground, … for communicating alarms of fire from the City Hall to different fire stations, and [to] instruct the different bell-ringers in the use of said invention.” March 1851 Channing/Farmer Municipal Fire Alarm System Installed in Boston April 30, 1852 First Alarm Transmitted In March 1851, William Channing, a young doctor and...
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...persons, and socio-economic situations of pre 20th century Massachusetts DESCRIPTION Art Case Study: Faneuil Hall (source: Wikimedia. Image by Infrogmation) Faneuil Hall located in Boston, Massachusetts was commissioned in 1740 by Merchant Peter Faneuil to serve as market house. In its early days Faneuil hall also served as a Meeting hall for the people of Boston, hosting speeches and by prominent American leaders such as Samuel Adams ("Faneuil Hall."). Originally two story high, the original Faneuil Hall built by Scottish born artist John Simbert was rebuilt and expanded upon multiple times, once when it burned down in 1761 and in 1805 when Architect Charles Bulfinch expanded the building adding a third floor and increasing it to the 30m x 24m building today. The Architect John Simbert drew inspiration from English Country architecture. Rather than the more architecturally intricate style of baroque architecture which was widely popular in the 18th century Simbert opted for a simpler Georgian feel with brown bricks and multiple window panes around every side of the building. Originally the building was supported by wood and most of the building such as the roof were easily combustible, after the fire of 1761 the building was rebuilt in completely non-combustible materials. The roof of the building supports a cupola with a bell and a copper grasshopper weather vane many sees as a symbol of Boston. (Source:...
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...Philippines a haven for cigarette smugglers By Chay Florentino Hofileña, Newsbreak Posted at 05/26/2009 7:55 AM | Updated as of 05/26/2009 8:20 AM (First of two parts) Fisherman Lino Bocalan became legend in the 1950s to 1960s after he chanced upon an alternative and more lucrative profession: cigarette smuggling. Beneath the seawaters of his sleepy hometown of Tanza in Cavite, Bocalan discovered gun powder among the remnants of Japanese or American ships from World War II. The finds proved especially useful for fishermen who engaged in dynamite fishing back then. Illiterate but supposedly gifted with numbers, Bocalan eventually linked up with traders in Mindanao who were drawn to his supply of gun powder. In exchange, they offered him “blue-seal” or imported cigarettes, which were illegally, and easily, transported from areas like Borneo because of the South’s un-policed shorelines. Before long, Bocalan built a fortune and a name in an industry that grew in Tanza, aided in part by the presence of Sangley Point, a former American base where blue-seal cigarettes were sold and taken out from its commissary. He eventually traded directly with Borneo, cut the southern connection, and became a millionaire. Decades later, the Tanza cottage industry has evolved into a lucrative national, and even a global, industry. The southern backdoor, where traders of smuggled cigarettes used to taunt law enforcers, has become an outmoded entry point. Smugglers have become more brazen,...
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...PhD, MPH, Amanda Bell, MHA, Brain Skow, MD, Dan M. Shane, PhD, and Marcia M. Ward, PhD (2017), “telemedicine has been proposed as one strategy to improve local trauma care and decrease disparities between rural and urban trauma outcomes.” (p.1.) This study focused on an emergency room’s use of telemedicine in North Dakota. The type of telemedicine device used in the study was “a high-resolution video camera, microphone, and television [that] are installed in the trauma bay of the rural hospital, and a button on the wall initiates immediate consultation with providers in the hub.” (p.2) On this device you could also arrange an inter-hospital transfer. According to Nicholas M. Mohr et. al. (2017), the results and conclusions of this study are as follows. There were 7,500 trauma patients seen in an emergency room. Of those patients, “telemedicine was consulted for 11% of patients in telemedicine-capable EDs and 4% of total trauma patients.” (p.1) The use of telemedicine by itself was “associated with decreased initial ED length of stay for transferred patients.” (p.1) Telemedicine being available was attributed to an increase in transfers between hospitals. This is important because if one hospital is not equipped to help someone, they can quickly get them somewhere else. Refer to Figure 1 in...
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...people were losing their jobs and became destitute. When the opportunity to come to the New World arose, many of the struggling people saw it as a way to start over and make their fortune in hope to alleviate the suffering in Europe. Beginning as early as thirty thousand years ago, during the Pre-Columbian Era, Americans came from Asia over a land bridge formed at the Bering Strait during the Ice Age. The new immigrants were gatherers and hunters, known as Native Americans, who reached a population perhaps as many as 100 million spread across Central and South America by the time the Europeans “discovered” the New World. Native Americans development of agriculture provoked new innovations and cultures that would influence America forever ("Study Notes - Free AP Notes," n.d.). During the Middle Ages, Europeans were ignorant to the existence of the Americas. Europeans became acclimated to an assortment of Asian goods including drugs, spices, perfume, and silk, however, key pathways to Asia were controlled by Muslim forces who forced European merchants to pay large amounts for their ways. European consumers distressed of the high Muslim prices demanded a less expensive, faster route to Asia....
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...THE SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION From 1565 to 1898 the Philippines was a colony of Spain. During this long period, Spanish-influenced architecture appeared, namely, the iglesia or simbahan (church) and its adjoining campanario (bell tower) and convento (residence of the parish priest), the escuela (school), the fuerza or fortaleza (fortification), the civic buildings like the casa real and tribunal, the farola (lighthouses), the bahay na bato (dwellings of wood and stone), and the puente (stone bridges). It is generally acknowledged that the Philippines is the bastion of Christianity in the Orient. Some scholars believe that, because of this, the country absorbed the greatest degree of influence from the west in the Asian region, losing much of its identity in the process. Other scholars believe, however, that all these influences were really assimilated by the older ethnic base, which actually indigenized them. It is pointed out, for example, that the Spanish word for church, iglesia, never became fully accepted among the Filipinos, who used their own terms to denote a place of worship. Thus the Tagalog and Cebuano use simbahan, the Ilocano, simbaan, and the Pampango, pisamban. This process of indigenization was to characterize much of Filipino construction during the more than three centuries of Spanish colonization. The Beginnings The history of Philippine architecture under the Spanish regime begins with the arrival of Miguel Lopez de Legaspi’s expedition in 1565. In Cebu...
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...http://www.honda.com.my/corporate/social_corporate DONATION COLLECTION FOR THE POOR & SINGLE MOTHERS A donation drive organized by PKNM (Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Melaka) had seen Honda Malaysia and other companies such as CTRM, PETRONAS, Dominant, and Panasonic, etc come together to raise funds for the poor and single mothers in Melaka. The joint affair was carried out at different locations around Melaka such as Durian Tunggal, Melaka Tengah, Masjid Tanah, Alor Gajah and Merlimau. Over a span of one week, a donation box was set up at Honda Melaka canteen and at the exit gates to encourage employees to join this worthy cause. During that period, we had managed to raise around RM710 and after combining it with other companies, a whopping total of RM10, 000. Representatives from Honda and other companies also had the opportunity to visit these homes during the visitation period and help out the during donation drive. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all associates at Honda Melaka for donating generously to this cause. We hope to raise more money for the community and people of Melaka in the coming events. Below are some pictures from the drive. FOR A SAFER AND BETTER TOMORROW Honda helps improve vehicle safety testing for the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS). Road safety has always been at the heart of Honda’s vision of a safer world, with zero road collision. Hence why Honda is dedicated in identifying and implementing safety improvements...
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...North South University Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science ETE 521 Assignment # 3 Name: MD. Rakibul Islam Monshy ID: 1131048556 a) No Ans: Define ILEC: An incumbent local exchange carrier (ILEC) is a local telephone company in the United States that was in existence at the time of the breakup of AT&T into the Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs), also known as the "Baby Bells." The ILEC is the former Bell System or Independent Telephone Company responsible for providing local telephone exchange services in a specified geographic area. GTE was the second largest ILEC after the Bells, but it has since been absorbed into Verizon, a RBOC. ILECs compete with competitive local exchange carriers (CLEC). When referring to the technical communities ILEC is often used just to mean a telephone provider. In Canada, the term ILEC refers to the original telephone companies such as Telus (BC Tel and AGT), SaskTel, Manitoba Telephone Systems (MTS Allstream), Bell Canada Enterprises and Aliant. ILEC, with respect to an area in the United States, is a local exchange carrier (LEC) that: On the date of enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, provided telephone exchange service in such area and on such date of enactment, was deemed to be a member of the exchange carrier association pursuant to the Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R) Title 47, section 69.601(b).Or is a person or...
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...Sleight of Hand, Sleight of Mind Orson Welles' F for Fake and the Art of the Cinematic Con Orson Welles' 1974 "film essay" F for Fake opens with a scene of Welles, in the role of a magician, performing a sleight of hand trick with a young child, "transforming" the key the young boy has presented him into a coin and then showing how the young boy had the key all the time in his pocket. The magic was the perfect illustration of Welles' purpose in the film. F for Fake was a film about fraud and deceit, about how the makers of art (and, in particular, film) use "trickery" to fool their intended audience into believing something that is not true. The film focuses on three known "charlatans" (Elmyr de Hory, Clifford Irving, and Welles himself) who used their talents to produce such magnificent forgeries that they were able to fool everyone (even so-called "experts") into believing in the truth of their claims. Despite the status of this film as one of Welles' "minor" films from late in his life (it was one of the last films he completed prior to his death in 1985), it has had a tremendous impact on filmmaking, both in a technical sense (the film's complex editing of various film stocks and styles) and in a textual sense. Welles' identification of the ways in which an audience can be manipulated into believing anything as long as it has the "air" of authenticity has had a tremendous impact on current filmmaking, especially in the realm of horror filmmaking with the current crop...
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...see the sandy beach slopes into the Bay of Bengal, also the huge expanse of water, the ever green forest in surrounding areas, rows of coconut trees, boats of different kinds and their colorful sails, and surfing waves. Kuakata is also a sanitary for migratory winter birds. Many people visiting Kuakata find interest in Buddhist temples located at nearby places such as Keranipara, Mistiripara, and Kolapara. Many others find the place interesting because of the unique customers and traditions of the Rakhain community. 2.2 About Kuakata: Kuakata , locally known as Sagar Kannya (Daughter of the Sea) is a rare scenic beauty spot on the southernmost tip of Bangladesh. Kuakata in Latachapli union under Kalapara Police Station of Patuakhali district is about 30 km in length and 6 km in breadth. It is 70 km from Patuakhali district headquarters and 320 km from Dhaka. At Kuakata excellent combination of the picturesque natural beauty, sandy beach, blue sky, huge expanse of water of the Bay and evergreen forest in really eye-catching. Kuakata is one of the rarest places which has the unique beauty of offering the full view of the rising and setting of crimson sun in the water of the Bay of Bengal in a calm environment. That perhaps makes Kuakata one of the world’s unique beaches. Kuakata is truly a virgin beach-a sanctuary for migratory winter birds, a series of coconut trees, sandy beach of blue Bay, a feast for the eye. Forest, boats plying in the Bay of Bengal with colourful sails, fishing...
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...Measures 23 Use of Technology 24 Linkages 25 Potential for growth 26 Government Regulations 27 Ethical Issues 28 Conclusion 29 Bibliography 30 Appendices 31 - 38 [pic] The completion of this study would not have been attained without the encouragement and co-operation of some special persons. Subsequently, I would like to thank the individuals at a popular business entity who would like to disclose their splendid contribution and valuable time spent on answering the questions asked. Family members and friends supported in motivating and assisting me throughout the study. I thank my co-worker for guiding me while I was engaged in this study. My sister was a great source of help in gathering the necessary information I needed. My deepest gratitude goes to my teacher Miss Teisha Richards who advised me step by step throughout this exercise. Finally a special thank to my truly inspiring aunt Mrs. Annette Bramwell who has inspired me to do this job. 1 [pic] This study...
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...relations are bilateral relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the United States of America. As one of the oldest Asian partners and closest strategic major non-NATO allies of the United States, the Philippines has consistently been the most pro-American nation in the world, with 90% of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and 91% viewing Americans favorably in 2002, and 90% of Filipinos viewing U.S. influence positively in 2011. Pursuant to the 1947 Military Bases Agreement, the United States maintained and operated major facilities at Clark Air Base until November 1991, and at Subic Bay Naval Complex and several small subsidiary installations in the Philippines until November 1992. In July 1991, negotiators from the two countries reached agreement on a draft treaty providing for the clean-up and turnover of Clark to the Philippine government in 1992, and for the lease of Subic Bay Naval Base by the U.S. for 10 years. By 1991, operations at Clark had already been scaled back because of the end of the Cold War, with the last combat aircraft leaving in 1990, before the base was heavily damaged by the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo. On September 16, 1991, the Philippine Senate rejected the bases treaty by a slim margin, and despite further efforts to salvage the situation, the two sides could not reach an agreement. As a result, the Philippine Government informed the U.S. on December 6, 1991, that it would have one year to complete withdrawal. That withdrawal went smoothly...
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...communications allow transmission of message or information using computer systems, fax machine, e-mail, tele and/or video conferencing and satellite network. People can easily share conversation, picture(s), image(s), sound, graphics, maps, interactive software and many other things. Due to electronic technology, jobs, working locations and cultures are changing and therefore people can easily get access to worldwide communication without any physical movement. Experts have defined electronic communication as the transmission of information using advanced techniques such as computer modems, facsimile machines, voice mail, electronic mail, teleconferencing, video cassettes, and private television networks.” 1.1 Background of the Study Communication is said to be the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. It could be between two or more persons, human and machines or any other communicable entity. Group communication can be carried out through various means such as smoke signals and drums which was common in ancient Africa, America and parts of Asian, the fixed semaphore in ancient Europe and electronic means which is most prominent, popular and recent. This research details on the effects of communication in cooperate organizations using electronic means. 1.2 Statement of Problem Following the advent of electronic communication, most corporate organizations are yet to take advantage of this fast, reliable and...
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