...the knowledge about the contribution of Muslim scholars throughout the world in that time. The wudu machine that had been created today is not yet a portable one but the one that was invented in 10th century was perfect, was portable and was efficient unlike the water tap that we use today. They had bathroom hygiene products were far better than what we have today. On 13th century, the like of Al Jazari had already made numerous clocks of all shapes and sizes. The first forts big ben as we know now was built in London, but that’s wrong. The 1st one was built by our ancestors in Morocco. The 1st coffee house as we know were built in 1645 in Venice, but even hundreds of year ago our forefathers had drunk coffee as it was discovered then by a man called Khalid of Ethopia. The concept of 3 course meal was introduced 1st y Abu Hasan Ali Ibn Nafi nick named Ziryab. The agriculture system which was built by the early muslims were the most complx and perfect system as told by S.P. Scotts. They had produced papers 1100 years ago. They were capable of building the earthquake preventive structure then and as a prove we can see the Minerates of Sinan in Turkey which is still standing after an earthquake. Imam Mursaly was the person of created the concept of medicines. As Dr. Donald Campbell, 20th century Historian of Arabian medicine says that the European medical system is Arabian not only in origin but also in structure. Jabir Ibn Hayyan was unanimously agreed as the founder of Chemistry....
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...affect the entire international community? The first question that I want to bring to the surface is what kind of impact does the Federal Reserve Bank have upon the United States economy and what exactly do their powers entail? In order to find out why our economy is in the shape it’s in, we must go straight to the source and find out what they are able to do as well as what must be done to keep our economy afloat. The second research question that I want to address covers the economic crisis that occurred in 2008-09, when Wall Street crashed, making it the second worst financial crisis since the Great Depression in 1929. We will deeper and examine the government bailouts and how it affected the GDP of domestic industry and on the international scale. Finally, our third question will be how we can focus our attempts to avoid instances like this in the future. We will look more closely at where oversight committee’s failed and what implications were to be put into place to monitor the large and powerful money makers that determine our future. This paper will take a look at what the Federal Reserve does, what’s it’s capable of, and the limits to their power. The devastating effects that took place in 2008-09 were the combination of poor oversight and the...
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...Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson Literature Study Guide © Kent Duryée Table of Contents PART ONE Overview for Parents…………………………………………………………….Page 1 I. Main Characters II. Points for Discussion: • Vocabulary • The Spanish Main • The Age of Reason • Victorian Industrialism • The bildungsroman • Women in Victorian Europe and America Answer Key for “Setting the Stage” and “As You Read” questions…………Page 3 Questions For Discussion……………………………………………………….Page 6 END OF ANSWER KEY PART TWO Study Guide for Students………………………………………………………..Page 7 • History and Setting • The Triangle Trade • Geography • European Colonialism Questions: Setting the Stage…………………………………………………..Page 7 Questions: As You Read……………………………………………………….Page 8 Questions: After Your Reading………………………………………………..Page 9 Vocabulary Exercises………………………………………………………….Page 10 END OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES PART THREE Parents’ Footnotes – Plot Synopsis…………………………………………..Page 12 Answers to Vocabulary Exercises………………………………………….…Page 13 References / Internet Resources……………………………………………..Page 14 1 Literature Study Guide: Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson Part One: For the Parent/Teacher Recommended Ages/Grade Level: Ages 12 and up or Grades 7 and up. Edition used: Children’s Classics, Random House Value Publishing, 1998 Ed. Part One: Overview for Parents: ______________________________________________________ Treasure Island is an adventure novel set in England during the 1700’s. This is one of the classic adventure tales;...
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...[pic] Chinese Traditional Woman Image --- the Chinese Mother in Joy Luck Club by 陆婉霖 A thesis presented to the School of English Studies of Xi’an International Studies University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts May 18, 2011 Class: 2007-19 Advisor: 常莉 西安外国语大学 毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告 |姓名 |陆婉霖 |性别 |女 |班级 |2007-19 |学号 |0701011921 | |论文题目： | |Chinese Traditional Woman Image --- the Chinese Mother in Joy Luck Club | |《喜福会》中中国式母亲体现出的中国传统女性形象 | |任务起止日期: 2010 年9 月1 日 至 2011 年 5 月27日 | |论文主要内容及参考文献： | |本文从跨文化交际和文学的角度对谭恩美的小说《喜福会》进行了分析。通过认知解读传统文化中的女性角色以及书中主人公的遭遇，使读者理解| |书中上一代母亲们的自我认知历程以及在此过程中所形成的价值观。文中展现了四个母亲和四个女儿的成长背景及人物性格，概述了每个人物所| |经历的不同境遇，分析了单独事件的文化原因及影响，从而呈现出典型的中国传统女性形象。文章从不同角度举出例子概括这一普遍的社会现象| |并且分析了母女冲突的原因并且从积极的角度对其结果给予了分析与展望。 | |参考文献： ...
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...English 175-‐02: Introduction to Literary Genres Instructor: Aaron Schab aschab@uidaho.edu 209 Brink Hall Department of English University of Idaho Course Meets: Life Sciences South 163 Monday/Wednesday/Friday 9:30 am – 10:20 am January 9, 2013 – May 10, 2013 Course Description In this class, we will learn about the basic conventions and terms used to understand and discuss the three major genres of literature: fiction, poetry, and drama. This class will help you understand the sometimes baffling world of literature, and is intended to provide the general student with basic experience in literary analysis. Additionally, I hope this class will lead you to a lifelong appreciation for (and engagement with) reading literature. Although this class features extensive reading and writing, it is not necessary for you to be a bookworm or a writing superstar to succeed in this class – if you ...
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...Mao's Last Dancer Li Cunxin Dedication To the two special women in my life—my mother and my wife Mao’s Last Dancer A Wedding Qingdao, 1946 On the day of her marriage, a young girl sits alone in her village home. It is autumn, a beautiful October morning. The country air is cool but fresh. The young girl hears happy music approaching her house. She is only eighteen, and she is nervous, frightened. She knows that many marriage introducers simply take money and tell lies. Some women from her village marry men who don't have all their functional body parts. Those women have to spend the rest of their lives looking after their husbands. Wife beating is common. Divorce is out of the question. Divorced women are humiliated, despised, suffering worse than an animals fate. She knows some women hang themselves instead and she prays this is not going to be her fate. She prays to a kind and merciful god that her future husband will have two legs, two arms, two eyes and two ears. She prays that his body parts are normal and functional. She worries that he will not be kind-hearted and will not like her. But most of all she &+x worries about her unbound feet. Bound feet are still in fashion. Little girls as young as five or six have to tuck four toes under the big toe and squeeze them hard to stop the growth. It is extremely painful, and the girls have to change the cloth bandages and wash their feet daily to avoid infection. The tighter the feet are bound the smaller the feet will...
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...Sam Walton Made in America My Story by Sam Walton with John Huey BANTAM BOOKS NEW YORK• TORONTO• LONDON• SYDNEY• AUCKLAND This edition contains the complete text of the original hardcover edition. NOT ONE WORD HAS BEEN OMITTED. SAM WALTON: MADE IN AMERICA A Bantam Book/published by arrangement with Doubleday PUBLISHING HISTORY Doubleday edition published June 1992 Bantam edition/June 1993 Photographs without credits appear courtesy of the Walton family. All rights reserved. Copyright© 1992 by the Estate of Samuel Moore Walton. Cover photo copyright© 1989 by Louis Psihoyos/Matrix. Cover design by Emily & Maura Design. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 92-18874. ISBN 0-553-56283-5 Published simultaneously in the United States and Canada Bantam Books are published by Bantam Books, a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc. Its trademark, consisting of the words "Bantam Books" and the portrayal of a rooster, is Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries. Marca Registrada. Bantam Books, 1540 Broadway, New York, New York 10036. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA OPM 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 Contents Acknowledgments 4 Foreword 5 1 Learning to Value a Dollar 9 2 Starting on a Dime 14 3 Bouncing Back 25 4 Swimming Upstream 33 5 Raising a Family 44 6 Recruiting the Team 50 7 Taking the Company Public 58 8 Rolling Out the Formula 68 9 Building the Partnership 77 10 Stepping...
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...Management Articles of the Year January 2013 With a foreword by Sir Paul Judge In association with Contents Page Foreword Introduction About the articles Article 1 Improving the Quality of Working Life: positive steps for senior management teams Article 2 Failure, Survival or Success in a Turbulent Environment: the dynamic capabilities lifecycle Article 3 A New Role Emerges in Downsizing: special envoys Article 4 Only a Click Away? – What makes virtual meetings, emails and outsourcing successful Article 5 Closing the Needs-to-Offer Gap: customer relationship management in retail SMEs Acknowledgements 3 4 6 7 13 20 25 31 38 Copyright Chartered Management Institute © First published 2013 Chartered Management Institute 2 Savoy Court, Strand, London WC2R 0EZ All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this report is available from the British Library ISBN 0-85946-458-x Foreword The way that people in positions of authority exercise leadership and management has a decisive influence on the performance of their own organisations and therefore of the wider economy. It has been estimated that...
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...February 16, 2000 ALCOHOL Philip J. Cook and Michael J. Moore Duke University and NBER Prepared for the Handbook of Health Economics, Joseph P. Newhouse and Anthony Culyer, editors. Thanks to Michael Grossman, Will Manning, and Harri Sintonen for their very helpful comments. All errors remain the authors’. Abstract Excess drinking is associated with lost productivity, accidents, disability, early death, crime, neglect of family responsibilities, and personality deterioration. These and related concerns have justified special restrictions on alcoholic-beverage commerce and consumption. The nature and extent of government involvement in this arena vary widely over time and place, and are often controversial. Economists have contributed to the evaluation of alcohol policy through empirical work on the effects of alcohol-control measures on consumption and its consequences. Economics has also provided an accounting framework for defining and comparing costs and benefits of interventions, including excise taxes. Outside of the policy arena, economists have analyzed alcohol consumption in the context of stretching the standard model of consumer choice to include intertemporal effects and social influence. Nonetheless, perhaps the most important contribution by economists has been the repeated demonstration that there is nothing unusual about alcohol in at least one essential respect: consumers drink less ethanol (and have fewer alcohol-related problems) when alcohol-beverage...
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...33 CHAPTER Newswriting basics Ready to write a simple news story? This chapter introduces you to the concepts and formulas all reporters have learned to rely upon. IN THIS CHAPTER: 34 Just the facts Be aware of what’s factual — and what’s opinion. 36 The five W’s The essentials: who, what, when, where, why. 38 The inverted pyramid How to write stories so the key facts come first. 40 Writing basic news leads Putting your opening paragraphs to work in the most informative, appealing way. 42 Beyond the basic news lead Not every story needs to start with a summary of basic facts; you have other options. 44 Leads that succeed A roundup of the most popular and dependable categories of leads. 46 After the lead . . . what next? A look at nut grafs, briefs, brites — and ways to outline and organize stories efficiently. 48 Story structure How to give an overall shape to your story, from beginning to middle to end. 50 Rewriting First you write. Then you rethink, revise, revamp and refine until you run out of time. 52 Editing Reporters have a love-hate relationship with editors. But here’s why you need them. 54 Newswriting style Every newsroom adapts its own rules when it comes to punctuation, capitalization, etc. 56 Making deadline When you’re a reporter, you live by the clock. How well will you handle the pressure? 58 66 newswriting tips A collection of rules, guidelines and helpful advice to make your stories more professional. ...
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...PRAISE FOR AUTHORS Merline Lovelace “Merline Lovelace’s Mind Games is an exciting and skillfully told tale.” —RT Book Reviews Lori Devoti “Lori Devoti provides yet another action-packed mythological tale.” —RT Book Reviews on Wild Hunt Linda Winstead Jones “Raintree: Haunted, by Linda Winstead Jones, is nonstop action from start to finish.” —RT Book Reviews Lisa Childs “In Childs’s gripping tale…there are some surprising twists.” —RT Book Reviews Bonnie Vanak “Bonnie Vanak’s Enemy Lover offers nonstop excitement and great sexual tension.” —RT Book Reviews CHRISTMAS WITH A VAMPIRE Merline Lovelace Lori Devoti Linda Winstead Jones Lisa Childs Bonnie Vanak CONTENTS A CHRISTMAS KISS Merline Lovelace ABOUT THE AUTHOR CHAPTER ONE CHAPTER TWO CHAPTER THREE CHAPTER FOUR CHAPTER FIVE CHAPTER SIX CHAPTER SEVEN THE VAMPIRE WHO STOLE CHRISTMAS Lori Devoti ABOUT THE AUTHOR CHAPTER ONE CHAPTER TWO CHAPTER THREE CHAPTER FOUR CHAPTER FIVE CHAPTER SIX CHAPTER SEVEN CHAPTER EIGHT CHAPTER NINE CHAPTER TEN CHAPTER ELEVEN SUNDOWN Linda Winstead Jones ABOUT THE AUTHOR CHAPTER ONE CHAPTER TWO CHAPTER THREE CHAPTER FOUR CHAPTER FIVE EPILOGUE NOTHING SAYS CHRISTMAS LIKE A VAMPIRE Lisa Childs ABOUT THE AUTHOR CHAPTER ONE CHAPTER TWO CHAPTER THREE CHAPTER FOUR CHAPTER FIVE CHAPTER SIX CHAPTER SEVEN CHAPTER EIGHT CHAPTER NINE UNWRAPPED Bonnie Vanak ABOUT THE AUTHOR CHAPTER ONE CHAPTER TWO CHAPTER THREE CHAPTER FOUR CHAPTER FIVE CHAPTER SIX CHAPTER SEVEN CHAPTER EIGHT CHAPTER NINE...
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...Ok. First, I just want to say that I think it is so cool that you guys have this awesome forum. I’ve never had a good reason to post in it before, but, well, I’m in Mr. McMurtry’s 10th grade honors English class (go me), and our half-year fiction project is due just before winter break, which is coming up. Ok. So, before you read this, you should know that I already asked Mr. McMurtry if I could write my fiction project in an experimental science fiction style and make lots of horrible, malicious, false, and hateful blood libels against the Mormons, and he asked what I had in mind, and I told him that I thought it could be cool to write a story that consisted entirely of a War between Mormons and Scientologists and Atheist Texan Cowboys in the Future, and he said that would be fine. I knew he’d let me do it, as his homosexuality is a well known fact to the student body, and therefore his concomitant openness to avant-guard art and literature and experimentation and stuff like that. Not like the other English teacher, Ms. Nichols, who is the sort of totally sexless spinster that makes her students write poems about Jesus, which I’m pretty sure is fucking illegal, although I’m sure nobody in this hick town cares. God and Football, all the way. Ok, so, then I didn’t do any work on it at all until last night. We had to do a one-page outline a few weeks ago, which is so stupid, so I did it on the bus and I have no idea what I wrote, so last night I just started over from scratch...
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...This book has been optimized for viewing at a monitor setting of 1024 x 768 pixels. MADE TO STICK random house a new york MADE TO STICK Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die • • • C H I P H E AT H & D A N H E AT H Copyright © 2007 by Chip Heath and Dan Heath All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Random House, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York. Random House and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Heath, Chip. Made to stick : why some ideas survive and others die / Chip Heath & Dan Heath p. cm. Includes index. eISBN: 978-1-58836-596-5 1. Social psychology. 2. Contagion (Social psychology). 3. Context effects (Psychology). I. Heath, Dan. II. Title. HM1033.H43 2007 302'.13—dc22 2006046467 www.atrandom.com Designed by Stephanie Huntwork v1.0 To Dad, for driving an old tan Chevette while putting us through college. To Mom, for making us breakfast every day for eighteen years. Each. C O N T E N T S INTRODUCTION WHAT STICKS? 3 Kidney heist. Movie popcorn. Sticky = understandable, memorable, and effective in changing thought or behavior. Halloween candy. Six principles: SUCCESs. The villain: Curse of Knowledge. It’s hard to be a tapper. Creativity starts with templates. CHAPTER 1 SIMPLE 25 Commander’s Intent. THE low-fare airline. Burying the lead and the inverted pyramid. It’s the...
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...Defeating the Enemy’s Will: The Psychological Foundations of Maneuver Warfare DAVID A. GROSSMAN The will to fight is at the nub of all defeat mechanisms … One should always look for a way to break the enemy’s will and capacity to resist. Brig. Gen. Huba Wass de Czege Defeating the enemy’s will. That is the essence of maneuver warfare, that you defeat the enemy’s will to fight rather than his ability to fight. But how do you defeat a man’s mind? We can measure and precisely quantify the mechanics of defeating the enemy’s ability to fight, and it is this tangible, mathematical quality that makes attacking the enemy’s physical ability to fight so much more attractive than attacking the enemy’s psychological will to fight. At some level none of us can truly be comfortable when we dwell on the fact that our destiny as soldiers and military leaders ultimately depends on something as nebulous and unquantifiable as an enemy’s “will,” and we are tempted to ignore such aspects of warfare. But somewhere in the back of our minds, a still, small voice reminds us that ultimately the paths of victory run not through machinery and material, but through the hearts and minds of human beings. So what is the foundation of the will to fight and kill in combat and what are the vulnerable points in this foundation? In short: what are the psychological underpinnings of maneuver warfare? To answer these questions, students of maneuver warfare must truly understand, as we have never understood before...
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...FREAKONOMICS A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything Revised and Expanded Edition Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner CONTENTS AN EXPLANATORY NOTE In which the origins of this book are clarified. vii PREFACE TO THE REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION xi 1 INTRODUCTION: The Hidden Side of Everything In which the book’s central idea is set forth: namely, if morality represents how people would like the world to work, then economics shows how it actually does work. Why the conventional wisdom is so often wrong . . . How “experts”— from criminologists to real-estate agents to political scientists—bend the facts . . . Why knowing what to measure, and how to measure it, is the key to understanding modern life . . . What is “freakonomics,” anyway? 1. What Do Schoolteachers and Sumo Wrestlers Have in Common? 15 In which we explore the beauty of incentives, as well as their dark side—cheating. Contents Who cheats? Just about everyone . . . How cheaters cheat, and how to catch them . . . Stories from an Israeli day-care center . . . The sudden disappearance of seven million American children . . . Cheating schoolteachers in Chicago . . . Why cheating to lose is worse than cheating to win . . . Could sumo wrestling, the national sport of Japan, be corrupt? . . . What the Bagel Man saw: mankind may be more honest than we think. 2. How Is the Ku Klux Klan Like a Group of Real-Estate Agents? 49 In which it is argued that nothing is more powerful than information,...
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