...First Name Surname Instructor Course Date Recent Corporate Scandal Meltdowns - Bernard Madoff Bernard Madoff also known as Bernie is a previous Chairman of the NASDAQ stock exchange. Madoff founded an investment advisory firm called Ascot that later brought about the famous Ponzi scheme (Rhee 363). The project led to defrauding of many investors. The investors lost over $50 billion in the project over a period of around two decades. It all started in early December 2008 when there was the financial crisis in the United States (Vagts 684). Madoff was not in a position to honor the investors' requests for cash. He had to come out in the open and confess what he was doing. He had to admit to the Ponzi scheme and Wall Street together with other parts of the world was shocked (Hansen & Movahedi 368). There was massive investment fraud and many people fell victims even high profile investors. The financial community had a lot of respect for Madoff. The trust they had made some investors give their life savings to the scheme. Those who came to invest included charitable organization that got its funding from Steven Spielberg, Kevin Bacon, who is an actor, New York Mets owners, and others (Vagts 684). Madoff got investments from large banks and pension funds, for example, Royal Bank of Scotland, Banco Santander from Spain and many others. Many investors lost all they had in the scheme. After his tricks were exposed he pled guilty of securities fraud among others. He was then...
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...Business 26 October 2014 Esther Lahargoue Analyzing Ethical Behavior Bernard Madoff was a renowned stockbroker, financial adviser, and served as the chairman of NASDAQ. Bernie Madoff is also solely responsible for the largest accounting fraud in all of American history. In December 2008, Madoff admitted to the federal authorities that the wealth management branch of his business, Ascott Partners, was a full on and elaborate Ponzi scheme. A Ponzi scheme is an investment fraud that involves the payment of purported returns to existing investors from funds contributed by new investors. Over the course of nearly two decades, Madoff took an estimated 65 billion dollars from his investor’s fortunes. What made Bernie Madoff successful in his fraudulent ways was the façade put up by the general public of being highly respected, well established, and an esteemed financial extraordinaire. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission caught a lot of heat for failing to investigate Madoff extensively and thoroughly. Madoff ended up being found guilty of eleven federal crimes and sentenced to 150 years in prison with restitution costs at around seventeen billion. The fallout from his master scheme went far deeper than anyone would have expected, as some of the businesses he had invested in and vice versa, were forced to close down temporarily. Enron was an energy company based in Houston, Texas. The scandal that happened within Enron is considered to be one of the most notorious in...
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...Bernard Madoff Research Paper Bernard (Bernie) Madoff committed this century’s largest Ponzi scheme to date. First we will define Ponzi Scheme – it is a fraudulent pyramid scheme where original investors are paid their gains out of new investors money so it would appear to old investor that the scheme (business) is producing an unusually large return (Albrecht, 2009). The Ponzi scheme that Madoff created and pulled off for years was quite intricate. In a standard pyramid scheme each victim unknowingly brings in more and more victims, where as a Ponzi scheme has a single entity (group or individual) to keep up with and organize the fraud. The operator of the Ponzi scheme then will take new money brought in from recent investors and pay off previous investors. For this to continue on there must be a constant influx of new investors so there must be someone working that angle on a regular basis. Eventually the group of new investors will run out because the funds dry up. In a lot of Ponzi schemes when they begin to run low on victims things seem to fall apart and investors loose it all. In some cases the perpetuator escapes the area with all the money he / she have scammed. When or if they are caught the perpetuator will have to face prosecution and / or repayment of all money to victims and possible jail / prison time or pay restitution to the government. In some cases there are assets seized to reimburse victims and pay restitution (Smith, 2011). Madoff committed...
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...Bernard Madoff was either the most ethically void individual or he just had no regard for ethics. He managed to pull off one the largest Ponzi scheme in history with very little help. He had a legitimate stock trading business on one floor and his illegitimate investment management business was on another floor (Ferrell, Ferrell & Fraedrich, 2011). The top executives in the company were family which leads to the question, did they really not know? This paper will examine the origin of the Ponzi scheme, a brief history of Bernie Madoff, and the fallout as a result of his fraudulent business. A Ponzi scheme is “a fraudulent investment operation that pays returns to investors out of the money paid by subsequent investors rather than from legitimate profits (Fitzpatrick, 2010).” The Ponzi scheme was named after Carlo (Charles) Ponzi who fled Italy for America at the age of 21. In 1919 Ponzi developed a scheme to get investors to buy postage coupons in one country and then sell them for more money in another country (Wells, 2009). Instead of investing the money he used the pooled funds to pay investors. This lasted until 1920 when a federal audit confirmed he was bankrupt, he had scammed investors for more than $4 million (Wells, 2009). According to Wells (2009), the Madoff scheme “...may be the largest single fraud of any kind in history...” The estimated total of the Madoff scheme is $65 billion, it is the largest financial fraud in the history of Wall Street. On...
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...A “Ponzi Scheme” is an investment fraud that involves the payment of alleged returns to existing investors from funds contributed by new investors. Ponzi scheme organizers often seek new investors by showing potential in their company; they entice investors to invest funds in opportunities claimed to generate high returns with little or no risk. In many Ponzi schemes, the fraudsters focus on attracting new money to make promised payments to earlier-stage investors and to use for personal expenses, instead of engaging in any legal investment activity. The system is destined to collapse because the earnings are less than the payments to investors. Ponzi schemes tend to collapse when it becomes difficult to recruit new investors or when a large number of investors ask to cash out. As more investors become involved, the likelihood of the scheme coming to the attention of authorities increases. The system eventually will collapse under its own weight. The scheme is named for Charles Ponzi, who became well known for his illegal techniques for using the Ponzi method in early 1920. He had emigrated from Italy to the United States in 1903. His operation took in so much money that it was the first to become known throughout the United States. His original scheme was in theory based on arbitraging international reply coupons for postage stamps, but soon diverted investors' money to support payments to earlier investors and Ponzi's personal wealth. At that time when the annual interest...
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...For over 50 years forensic accountants have exist. In the most recent years the need for them has increase due to the creativity of white collar crime and the use of technology. Forensic accountants are specialists who work with financial information such as business records, bank statements, and tax returns for the purpose of finding valid data. This data is used to prepare their reports. The report is prepared in a manner that will be easily understood by the attorneys to use in research, negotiations or court proceedings. In the business world forensic accountants are used to help clarify and resolve a wide number of legal disputes, including shareholder disagreements, malpractice claims, insurance claims, business dissolutions, bankruptcy proceedings, and divorce proceedings, as well as fraud and embezzlement. ("Forensic accounting,") Determine the most important five (5) skills that a forensic accountant needs to possess and evaluate the need for each skill. Be sure to include discussion regarding the relationship between the skill and its application to business operations. Depending on the nature of the case, the skills necessary of the forensic accountant may vary. However, there are skills that all forensic accountants should have; • Oral communication skills- having the ability to effectively communicate and explain the findings of a case, especially in a courtroom environment is important. The FA should be able to disseminate information about company’s...
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...Vince Trav Paper #2 April 15, 2015 The Mix of Power and Responsibility “With great power comes great responsibility”, is an infamous line from the movie Spiderman, and even though it is cliché, I’ve always found that to be very true. Power and responsibility can be explored through Phillip Zimbardo’s “The Lucifer Effect”, and how his work is related to two major financial scandals of the 21st century, which involve Enron and Bernard Madoff. In both scandals, there were people in a position of power who carried a surmounting level of responsibility, but used their power in very manipulative ways for their own personal gain. The high level executives of Enron and Bernard Madoff were on a rampant quest for money, which was the key driver that led to a lot of destruction. In doing so, both Enron and Madoff acted with major lack of responsibility. It is easy to make the assumption that the aforementioned individuals in both scandals are clearly the one’s that will be held responsible for the mess they made, but it is interesting to see how through their power they shed as much responsibility as they could on other people. Their power also had an effect on a greater scale involving their control over many people, which is relatable to Phillip Zimbardo’s work on human nature. The film, “Enron: The Smartest Men in Room”, shows how there was such a great lack of responsibility by the people involved because of their determination to make as much money as possible,...
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...Bernie Madoff: The Makings of a Ponzi Scheme Brent Casebolt Keller Graduate School of Management Abstract This paper explores seven published articles that report on the story of Bernard Madoff. These articles were the results of research conducted on the internet and include well known publications and authors throughout the United States. Some articles paint a picture of the timeline that brought Bernie Madoff to his ultimate demise. From humble beginnings to Federal prisoner in North Carolina, the story is full of interesting facts and unbelievable occurrences. Other articles bring to life the sad story of other players involved in the Ponzi scheme. While others lay out in great detail the failings of our own government to put Bernie Madoff away much sooner than he was. Finally, this paper will explore the role of digital evidence in this Ponzi scheme and the simplicity of computer hardware and software involved. Bernie Madoff: The Makings of a Ponzi Scheme Bernie Madoff has been one of the most interesting and controversial figures in all of American financial industry history. In this paper, I will take you on a journey from his early childhood to his current status as a Federal prisoner in North Carolina. I will discuss all of the major players involved in the Ponzi scheme, the SEC’s failure to catch him on numerous occasions, and the digital evidence that he did or did not leave behind during his life of crime. After examining all of the above, I...
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...Forensic Accountants: Fraud Busters Strayer University Business 508 August 11, 2013 Abstract The paper will determine the five important skills a forensic accountant must possess and describe their role within a courtroom environment. It will also analyze the legal responsibility of the accountant while serving its clients business. Giving two examples where a forensic accountant played an important role in aiding attorneys in presenting fraudulent bookkeeping records of company’s who ultimately committed white-collar crimes. Have you ever heard the figure of speech a “needle in a haystack” when referring to finding a small object in a large setting? The task of performing a very detailed search seems impossible. Leaving no stone unturned and demanding hours and hours of mental and manual labor. This is what a forensic accountant faces. By definition, a forensic investigation of any kind is conducted with the purpose of obtaining evidence that will be used in a court case. Forensic accounting is simply the analysis of financial documents use as tax returns, bank statements, canceled checks and the like, in search of proof of a criminal act, be it tax evasion, running numbers, embezzlement, money laundering, fraud by wire or securities fraud (DiGabriele, 2009). These crimes exists for the sole purpose of illegally making money. Leaving a paper trail pointing to criminal activity producing money coming into and leaving the organization...
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...MVE220 Financial Risk The Madoff Fraud Shahin Zarrabi – 9111194354 Lennart Lundberg – 9106102115 Abstract: A short explanation of the Ponzi scheme carried out by Bernard Madoff, the explanation to how it could go on for such a long period of time and an investigation on how it could be prevented in the future. The report were written jointly by the group members and the analysis was made from discussion within the group 1. Introduction Since the ascent of money, different techniques have been developed and carried out to fool people of their assets. These methods have evolved together with advances in technology, and some have proved to be more efficient than other. One of the largest of these schemes ever carried out occurred in modern times in the United States, it was uncovered as recently as in late 2008. The man behind it managed to keep the scheme running for over 15 years in one of most monitored economic systems in the world. The man in charge of the operation, Bernard L. Madoff, got arrested for his scheme and pled guilty to the embezzling of billions of US dollars. It struck many as unimaginable how such a fraud could occur in an environment so carefully controlled by regulations and...
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...This paper will include a review of the Madoff Securities case. The Madoff Securities case involved the cunning Bernard L. Madoff swindling his clients to believe that he could guarantee them high profits. Madoff is the largest Ponzi scheme in history. Madoff Securities Case Bernard L. Madoff started the investment firm Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities (BLMIS). Bernard Madoff began trading securities from the 1960s. From as early as 1962, it is believed Madoff started hiding his clients’ losses. Madoff hid the losses from his clients in order to boost his reputation. The larger portion of Madoff’s fraudulent activity began in the 1970s, under BLMIS. In this time Madoff began using his supposed genious tactics to make a profit from pricing errors in the stock exchange (Lewis, 2013). Madoff’s clients were led to believe that their invested funds were invested in as many as 35 to 50 common stocks from the S&P 100 index (Lewis, 2013). If there was a case in which all of the client’s funds were not invested in common stock, then Madoff told the clients the money was invested in money market accounts or government issued securities (Lewis, 2013). However, Madoff was not actually investing the client’s funds, but instead placed the money in his bank account. Madoff gave the client’s funds to friends, family, and those who aided Madoff in his fraudulent scheme (Lewis, 2013). Madoff boosted his character in the public eye...
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...17, 2015 Professor Mari Hadley Summary and Discussion The author provides an overview of the case of Bernard “Bernie” Madoff, a businessman and investment manager who is believed to have stolen as much as $65 billion from his investors (Stanwick & Stanwick, 2014). Bernie Madoff was operating not only the largest Ponzi scheme in history, but is also believed to have perpetrated the largest financial fraud in history. His network of investors included many prominent people from the financial world as well as the social elite. Madoff’s criminal career came to an end in 2008 when the recession developed. His supply of available funds began to diminish, and he was no longer able to pay his investors. Madoff was subsequently arrested, prosecuted, and sentenced to one hundred and fifty years in prison. The authors also discuss the question of how Madoff was able to maintain such a massive criminal operation over a twenty year period (Stanwick & Stanwick, 2014). In particular, the question is examined concerning why the Securities and Exchange Commission was not more thorough in its investigations of Madoff’s activities, especially after Harry Markopoulos had been warning the SEC for the better part of a decade that Madoff’s financial operations were questionable in nature. A discussion is also provided of how various warning signs were available, but how Madoff was able to manipulate potential investigators into failing to thoroughly investigate what he was doing. The...
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...Bernie Madoff It seems like they all start the same – with Secrets and Lies. With secrets and all the don’t tell anyone because it is exclusive talk - that’s the stuff that makes soap operas, scandals and the greatest ponzi schemes. Everyone likes feeling like they have a great opportunity that not everyone gets to have and that it is exclusive, especially when it feeds their financial greed. Those are the ingredients that helped Bernie Madoff build the biggest Ponzi investment scheme in history. Madoff maintains that he never meant for it to be anything more than him investing for close friends and family however the secrecy and not accepting just anyone are part of what made so many people want to be a part, thereby becoming one of the best marketing tactics ever. The first question I wanted to know was who is this man that earned the respect of some of the biggest names on Wall Street, the trust of friends, family and strangers and where did he come from? • Start of firm senior in college The firm that Madoff started in 1960 with the $5,000 he saved was a trading business that specialized in the trading of penny stocks – Continued to earn money as a life guard and landscaper until his business took off • Bernard Madoff is a former financier, American hedge-fund investment manager, chairman of the NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) stock exchange, and chairman of the firm Bernard L. Madoff Investment...
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...Professional ethics are a set of rules that concern the rights and wrongs within a given profession. They are known as the professional code of ethics or conduct. Ethics can be both, written and unwritten. The written ethics are basically the morals within a profession. On the other hand, the unwritten ethics are more personal or so obvious that they should not have to be stated. When an individual begins a new profession, they are usually aware of the professional ethics that concern their particular profession. Each individual profession has its own set of written ethics. Some of these professions include accounting, education, legal, and health care amongst many others. If the code of ethics/conduct is violated there are penalties that follow. An accountant’s professional code of conduct from The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) covers a variety of issues. It covers their responsibilities, the public interest, integrity, objectivity and independence, due care and the scope and nature of their services. They have a responsibility to any and all that acquire their services. Accountants also have a responsibility to preserve and strengthen the customs within the profession. As an accountant, they are committed to the well-being of the public (financial community, businesses, investors, employers, governments, creditors, and clients). They are expected to provide them with a quality service that is done with integrity. Their integrity depends upon their...
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...Corporate Scandals And Regulations February 18, 2014 Introduction In recent years there has been many different regulations that have been put into effect to avoid any more accounting scandals. Some scandals that has gotten worldwide attention would be scandals such as WorldCom, Enron and Avon. These regulations have been put in place to help investors and to prevent companies from being put in situations where a scandal could arise. Companies need to pay close attention and follow the regulations or there can be stiff penalties and consequences against both the employee and the company. There are debates on whether there should be more or less regulations regarding accounting and finance. Whether more or less regulations are put in place employees and companies need to make sure that the obey the regulations. Some of the regulations that have been put in place are the Securities Act of 1933 and 1934 and also the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977. Regulations I think that regulations need to be monitored and controlled better. I do not think that necessary more regulations need to be put in place. Just enacting more regulations does not do anything if they are not enforced and followed. I do not think that there is a need for more regulations but smarter regulations that are enforced. If there are too many regulations then some regulations can be overlooked which then defeats the purpose. Or if there are too many regulations people cannot keep track...
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