...Olaudah Equiano The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African First Published London, 1789 NOTE: the following text is one African’s account of the “middle passage”: the horrible trip that slaves had to endure to arrive in the Americas. Slaves were captured in Africa, carried to the seacoast, sold to European traders, then carried on slave ships to the New World. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1) To what extent is African slavery, as described in Equiano’s account, different from slavery practiced by Europeans in the Atlantic economy? 2) Based on information in this passage, to what extent can white people be blamed for the African slave trade? 3) Equiano later rose to be an advocate for the abolition of the slave trade. To what degree do you think that his biography is biased, colored by his political agenda? 1. I hope the reader will not think I have trespassed on his patience in introducing myself to him with some account of the manners and customs of my country. They had been implanted in me with great care, and made an impression on my mind, which time could not erase, and which all the adversity and variety of fortune I have since experienced served only to rivet and record; for, whether the love of one's country be real or imaginary, or a lesson of reason, or an instinct of nature, I still look back with pleasure on the first scenes of my life, though that pleasure has been for the most part mingled...
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...Macromolecular Rapid Communications Communication Forming of Polymer Nanofibers by a Pressurised Gyration Process Suntharavathanan Mahalingam, Mohan Edirisinghe* A new route consisting of simultaneous centrifugal spinning and solution blowing to form polymer nanofibers is reported. The fiber diameter (60–1000 nm) is shown to be a function of polymer concentration, rotational speed, and working pressure of the processing system. The fiber length is dependent on the rotational speed. The process can deliver 6 kg of fiber per hour and therefore offers mass production capabilities compared with other established polymer nanofiber generation methods such as electrospinning, centrifugal spinning, and blowing. 60 Frequency (%) 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Fibre diameter (nm) 1. Introduction Polymer nanofibers are a promising class of materials for various applications, including electronics, optical devices, batteries, and filtration.[1–9] Indeed, due to their high surface area to volume ratio, they are attractive in many biomedical applications such as scaffolds used in tissue engineering, drug release, artificial organs, wound healing and vascular grafts.[10,11] Due to the expanding demand for nanofibers across a wide range of industries, there needs to be an improvement in the current state-of-art technologies to mass produce them more consistently, reliably, robustly and cost effectively.[12] Electrospinning is a well-established technique...
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...E-mail: nadeemakram@live.com Received: July 5, 2013 doi:10.5296/ber.v3i2.3958 Accepted: July 18, 2013 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v3i2.3958 Abstract The current study aims to find out the determinants significantly affecting the firm’s financial performance in textile sector of Pakistan for the period 2005-2010. The researcher used panel/longitudinal data set which are created with the help of State Bank of Pakistan’s annual publication named as “Financial statement analysis of companies (non-financial) listed in KSE for the period 2005 to 2010 which is available at www.sbp.org.pk online. The researcher used one-way fixed effect model due the presence of cross-sectional fixed effect in the regression 76 www.macrothink.org/ber Business and Economic Research ISSN 2162-4860 2013, Vol. 3, No. 2 results. The dependent variable was profitability as a measure of firm’s financial performance while the independent variables were leverage, growth, firm’s size, risk, tax, tangibility, liquidity and non-debt tax shield. The firm’s performance in textile sector is significantly affected by...
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...illustrates these two stories for me, through her powerful use of character’s action, leading to plot events, imagery and theme. In the two stories that have been mentioned, the writer creates plot events to sir come the actions of Jack and other characters. In “Jack and the Magic Eggs”, Ber Debbil insisted on deceiving Jack’s sister, Zerona. Now, Ber Debbil was demon with evil intentions and tricks. Jack not only shows unity with his mother but with others in another story. “Do not leave without these”, which she was referring to the eggs. Patricia made Jack’s character traits very courageous and helpful to her reader’s. She created a plot event to bring out the action towards Ber Debbil. “Jack flung himself from his saddle and dashed across an untidy yard ...” Patricia Glinton displayed the loving action, Jack had for his sister. This also displayed his bravery, contained with a manly action towards the conflict occurring. The short story of “Jack and the Schoolmaster”, Patricia also portrayed a plot event. A man claimed to be a schoolmaster on a small settlement. Jack assured himself later on in the story that he would save the children from Ber Debbil. Jack was very suspicious about Ber Debbil. “He was giving the children enough time to sew up what they called a tight plan.” Jack’s actions for this particular situation, was secretly suspenseful to me. This is a prime example of the idea Patricia mentioned, “Each one helping one- leaving none behind”. Therefore, I wondered...
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...error rate (BER) with signal to noise ratio (SNR) is a key element in designing communication system. Based on the communication applications, communication channels vary. In cellular communication signal attenuation and fading due to the both deterministic and non-deterministic factors is common. Free space loss is the deterministic type of attenuation. Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), fast fading (short term), and slow fading (long term or shadow fading) are non-deterministic type of fading. This paper focuses the non-deterministic channel modeling techniques and demonstrates the result in BER as a function of SNR. The relationship between BER and SNR are established for M-PSK system for three channel properties; AWGN, fast, and slow fading. AWGN channel was modeled by normal distribution. Rayleigh distribution were used for fast fading and lognormal distribution for slow fading is used to model. Three primary relationships created after the modeling are * BER to SNR relationship for BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK for AWGN only channel * BER to SNR relationship for BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK for AWGN and fast faded channel * BER to SNR relationship for BPSK for AWG, fast faded, and slow faded channel. The use case of BER to SNR is shown in a sample link budget. Link budget helps to make key system decision such as spectral efficiency, coverage radius, link margin, and availability. Further paper proposes other techniques to improve the BER and fading for...
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...Jews have been treated horribly. However, despite their hardships, this population of people have recovered time and time again, and still stand very strong to this day. In the short story “The Old Man” by Isaac Bashevis Singer, one Jewish man's struggles are documented as he attempts to escape from poverty and return to his homeland. Through the use of the Jewish holidays, allusions to the Old Testament, and diction surrounding certain places, Singer illustrates how the Jews resilience and faith in God allows them overcome adversity. The timing of the Jewish holidays within story symbolize the rise and fall of Reb Moshe Ber’s struggles. The first holiday to be mentioned is the “Passover,” which occurs when Reb Moshe Ber is “discharged...
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...degree. __________ Signature of Supervisor _________ Signature of Author iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS By the grace of God we have completed our thesis. We would like to thank our supervisor Dr. Satya Prasad Majumder for giving us the opportunity to work under his supervision. He has always help us by giving suggestions, ideas, advice and support to solve all our problems and guided us to developed this thesis for last two semester. We also thankful to Apurba Saha, Supriyo Shafkat Ahmed, Nazmus Saquib and Rumana Rahman for their inspiration and kind cooperation. We have worked hard and gave our best. Hopefully, our work will appreciated by our supervisor and respected faculties. iv ABSTRACT Analysis of the Bit Error Rate (BER) will be carried out for a Multi Carrier CDMA wireless communication link considering the effect of channels limitations like fading, delay spread etc. Different schemes of MC-CDMA will be considered and performance result will be evaluated by numerical computations. Performance degradations due to above system impairments will be evaluated and optimum system design...
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...transfer rates by minimizing the time slots and this way both the performance and the efficiency of the network is improved. All these reasons prompted me in selecting this particular project. The main aim of this project is basically to understand and implement both Straightforward Network Coding (SNC) and Physical network coding (PNC) in MATLAB. Having done that, the performance of the system in terms of bit error probability (BER) will be studied. Most importantly, the effect of imperfect synchronization between different streams on system performance will be investigated. In summary, the objectives of this project are outlined below: Understanding of fundamental theories underlying the concept of network coding. Developing MATLAB code to simulate SNC/PNC systems. Obtain and reflect the performance in terms of bit error probability (BER) and packet error probability (PER) Introduce the option for imperfect synchronization between received streams of different transmitters. Obtain, analyze and compare simulation results of the system BER and PER for the case of synchronous and asynchronous streams. Reflect on findings, identify trade-offs and recommend system network-coded configurations. Chapter 2.1 Introduction to fundamental theories In this section we are going to provide details about the network coding theories but attention will shift to PNC which is discussed in detail in Section 2.4. Before discussing the fundamental theories, some of the important terms...
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...Skip to News Feed Facebook HakimiHome Requests Messages Notifications Privacy Shortcuts Account Settings Search for people, places and things Hakimi Bie Ber Edit Profile News Feed 3 Messages Events Arif Arista GROUPS 3 INTEL 9xx Soldiers sans frontiers 1 SONY XPERIA M (MALAYSIA) 20+ *Promote U Server Here 2014* 20+ Fifa Online 3 Garena - Malaysia 4 2 Bijaksana SMKAr 2014 20+ LENOVO phone society MALAYSIA.MY. 20+ PC Gaming Community[MALAYSIA] 20+ Kami semua otaku Malaysia !!! 3 Gamers Team Xtreme™ [GTX] 20+ *Sweet friends forever* 20+ Clash Of Clans Malaysian Offici (All Malaysian Clan Here) Perlis Gamers 3 PENGGUNA PHONE LENOVO 20+ kelab game ppsspp dan android Manage Your Groups Create Group Find New Groups APPS 20+ Games Texas HoldEm Poker Deluxe 20+ Candy Crush Saga 1 Texas HoldEm Poker 1 Top Eleven Be a Football Manager Stick Run 20+ Games Feed FRIENDS Close Friends INTERESTS 20+ Pages and Public Figures PAGES 20+ Pages Feed Like Pages Create Page Create Ad EVENTS Create Event YOUR PAGES YOUR PAGES Arif Arista This Week 0 Page Likes 1 Post Reach Recent Posts Arif Arista updated their cover photo. 3 Reached · 0 Engagements Boost This Post Arif Arista changed their profile picture. 0 Reached · 0 Engagements Boost This Post See More You Haven't Posted in 16 Days 87 people who like Arif Arista haven't heard from you in a while. Write a Post birthday Zikry Ardy and 5...
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...Performance Evaluation of OFDM System for Different Channel and Different Modulation Techniques Thesis Report Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering (ETE) Submitted By Foysal Bin Wadud (T-093011) Gazi Shamsul Arefeen Shams (T-093016) Supervised By Engr. Mohammad Jashim Uddin Contact Information: Foysal Bin Wadud (Mamun), Dept. of ETE, International Islamic University Chittagong, Metric No.: T093011, Email: mamunmoon19@yahoo.com Contact No.: +8801717934676 Gazi Shamsul Arefeen (Shams) Dept. of ETE, International Islamic University Chittagong, Metric No.: T093016, Email: shams.ete@gmail.com Contact No.: +8801676848247 Contact Information of Supervisor: Md. Jashim Uddin Dept. Of ETE, International Islamic University Chittagong. Contact No. +8801716-823959 Email: jashimcuet@yahoo.com Abstract The demand for high-speed mobile wireless communications is rapidly growing. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology promises to be a key technique for achieving the high data capacity and spectral efficiency requirements for wireless communication systems in the near future. An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme offers high spectral efficiency and better resistance to fading environments. In OFDM the data is modulated using multiple numbers of sub-carriers that are orthogonal to each other because of which the problems associated with other modulation schemes such as Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter Carrier Interference...
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...like your nature”. An evening in Guanima, just one of Glinton’s overviewed story telling books, promotes clarity in identifying and bring forth our Bahamian roots through story-telling. The stories “BER’ BOUKI, BER PATRIDGE & THE COW” and “BER’ BOUKI AND RABBI-SPERRIT HOUSE”, clearly foreshadow the common theme of greed. Glinton vividly paints a masterpiece on a comical canvas that evokes interest, and reviewers to crave more. Through the extensive use of literary devices such as humour, mental representation, analysis of characters and the vivid sketch of her ingenious and adapt use of illustrative language, proves richness in making common situations throughout the stories clears. Glinton paints an incredibly simplistic portrait of selfish acts and excessive desire which unravels and provokes characters to take on all means of acquiring their common needs. “There is a sufficiency in the world for man's need but not for man's greed” Mahatma Gandhi. “A writers magic lies in the imagery which satisfies even without interpretation. It is accepted as easily as it was created” Robert Bridges. The most powerful effect of reading is the actual mental representation of words thriving in our conscious. Glinton utilizes a subtle way of introducing the initial unknown characters. In the story “BER’ BOUKI AND RABBI SPERRIT HOUSE”, Glinton presents the literary device of imagery. The first main image outline in the story was when the writer introduced Rabbi’s distinct character. “He could teach...
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...BRIEFING FOR MEMBERS MEASURING SOCIAL VALUE What do we mean by measuring social value? Over the last twenty years there has been increasing importance attached to measuring the social value and social impact that various organisations create. The demand for measuring this value comes from all sides: funders who want to direct their money to the most effective projects, policy makers and government officials have to account for their spending decisions, and social organisations need to demonstrate their impact to funders, partners and beneficiaries1. This has led to a growing interest in terms such as „value for money‟, „value added‟ and „outcomes‟ as ways to measure a organisations performance. In many ways the distinction between „output‟ and „outcomes‟ encapsulates what is meant by measuring social value. Outputs: These are the activities done by an organisation, usually listed in an action plan or set of objectives. For example providing homeless people with food and shelter or organising a conference to discuss long term care services for the elderly. Outcomes: These are the long term observed effects of the outputs and are often the „real‟ changes that organisations are trying to make. For example homeless people no longer living on the street and now in employment is an outcome. Likewise a new policy implemented by a government or a new project that improves the quality of long term care for elderly people is an outcome. Unfortunately there is no single authoritative definition...
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...International Conference on VLSI, Communication & Instrumentation (ICVCI) 2011 Proceedings published by International Journal of Computer Applications ® (IJCA) Energy based Detection Scheme for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Bala Aditya Kota, Bharadwaj S #, Kiran C S, Nithin Krishna B M, Sutharshun V Students (B.Tech), Dept. of ECE, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ettimadai, Coimbatore – 641105. P.Sudheesh, Dr.M.Jayakumar Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Dept. of ECE, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ettimadai, Coimbatore – 641105. 1 2 ABSTRACT Orthogonal Frequency Division M ultiplexing (OFDM ) has been accepted as the modulation scheme of choice for the next generation high-speed wireless communication systems due to the advantages that it offers like high spectral efficiency, resistance to multipath fading and resistance to frequency selective fading. M oreover, it lends itself to simple channel equalization. Conventional single carrier systems do not provide such advantages and hence, OFDM would almost ubiquitously be used for high speed wireless data transmission. However, the main drawback of such systems over single carrier systems is that in the presence of noise, there is an increased computational complexity at the receiver end to decode the data. In this paper, a low complexity detection algorithm is proposed for OFDM systems. M aximum likelihood detection is taken as the baseline detection algorithm and the proposed algorithm is compared with...
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...Abstract This study explored the effects of motivational factors on women entrepreneurship venturing in Malaysia. The research was conducted on 80 entrepreneurs through random sampling technique. All hypotheses were tested using regression analysis and Pearson correlations, controlling for demographic variables of gender, age, and education, years of experience, and start-up funding. While the results of this study found significant effect of pull motivational factors, there is a marginal effect of push motivational factors on women entrepreneurship venturing in Malaysia. Implications and a number of recommendations are discussed. Keywords: Women entrepreneurship, Pull motivation, Push motivation, Venturing, Malaysia 1 www.macrothink.org/ber Business and Economic Research ISSN 2162-4860 2012, Vol. 2, No. 1 1. Introduction Nearly one billion people are living on less than US$1 a day, an estimated 70 percent of whom are girls and women (UNDP, 2008). One way to alleviate poverty is to empower women economically, especially through projects that encourage...
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...Q1 Ten users empoly ALOHA to transmit 1000 bit packets of data. The data rate is 100 Mb/s. The data to be transmitted a distance d=10,000 Km. Assume NAK messages contain 100 bits and that is the event of a collision the average waiting time pair to retransmission is 50 µs. a) Calculate delay as a function of ρ. b) Plot D vs ρ. Q2 500 users employ TDMA to transmit 1000 bit packets of data. The channel bandwidth is 100 MHz and QPSK is employed. a) What is the max is the maximum allowable bit rate in the channel? b) What is the packet rate? c) What is the frame time – the time taken to transmit the packet from each user? Q3 a) Plot the throughput for CSMA as given by eq 16.4.35 as a function of TD/ TP for ρ = 0.25. b) At what value of TD/ TP , would slotted ALOHA field a higher throughput? Q4 Assuming that packet transmission and retransmission can both be described as a Poisson process. Calculate the probability that a data packet transmission in slotted ALOHA system will experience a collision with one other user. Assume that the total traffic rate λ = 10 packets/sec, Tp = 10 ms. Q5 Measurements of a slotted ALOHA channel shows that 20% of the slots are idle. a) What is the normalized total traffic in the channel? b) What is the normalized throughput? Q6 A TDMA system operates at 100 Mb/s with a 2ms frame time. Assume that all slots are of equal length and that a guard time of 1µs is required between slots. a) Compute the efficiency of the communication...
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