...Academia logo redesign 2015 LOG IN SIGN UP Enron Duraines Sankar UPLOADED BY Duraines Sankar VIEWS 705 DOWNLOAD Duraines Sankar (4943521) TUTORIAL 2 1) What were the individual factors that contributed to the failure of Enron? Briefly explain two key factors. In the repercussion of Enron‘s bankruptcy filing, numerous Enron executives were charged with criminal acts. Those charges were fraud, insider trading and money laundering. Enron was described as ―House Of Cards‖ as it was built over a pool of gasoline. It all sor t of became smoke and mirror. Louis Borget, former Enron's CEO was also exposed to be rerouting company ‘s money to offshore accounts. Once their schemes were discovered by the auditors, Kenneth Lay encourages them to "keep making us millions". However, the traders were fired once it was revealed that Enron's reserves were gambled away which nearly destroyed the company. After these facts were brought to light, Ken Lay denies having any knowledge of wrongdoing. Needless to say, when required to testify before the U.S. Congress on the reasons for Enron ‘ s collapse, Ken Lay, Jeff Skilling and Andrew Fastow, sought refuge under the Fifth Amendment. Andrew Fastow, Jeffrey Skilling, and Kenneth Lay are among the most notable top-level executives implicated in the collapse of Enron‘s. Kenneth Lay, the former chairman of Enron was prosecuted on 11 criminal counts of making misleading statements and fraud. Jeff Skilling, former Chief...
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...Running head: COSTING METHODS PAPER Costing Methods Paper Marsha Pettus University of Phoenix Accounting ACC/561 Bethany Kessel November 27, 2013 Costing Methods Paper Super Bakery, Inc. was founded by Franco Harris, formerly of the Pittsburgh Steelers, in 1990. The corporation supplies healthy, vitamin enriched doughnuts and other baked goods, out of an initial desire to make a difference in the institutional food market by targeting school systems nationwide (Kimmel, 2009). While, the company experiences positive growth since its inception, Super Bakery is at the point where it needs to explore a costing system that can establish a more accurate product costing method that can, at minimum, improve control of overhead costs. What strategies did the management of Super Bakery, Inc. use? Formed as a virtual corporation, Super Bakery designed a business model that performs key strategic planning and business functions in-house while outsourcing all manufacturing components as a cost reductions strategy. Super Bakery successfully maximizes profits by outsourcing all other components such as sales, manufacturing, warehousing, and shipping to external companies (All Business, 2012). As a result, Super Bakery watched its profits successfully grow, on an annual basis by 20%, since its inception in 1990. Why did Super Bakery’s management think it was necessary to install an ABC system? Super Bakery, Inc. believed it was necessary...
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...Smell My essay for smell was probably the toughest for me to write. I could not think of a good enough topics to expand and write about to my peer editor. I know how much I loved the scent of homemade cookies, thanksgiving dinners, certain perfumes and more but I did not know what to write about. The topic I chose to write about came from one of my roommates while she was reading a magazine and thought of me. It was something that sparked my interest immediately. I love reading about little things that grab my attention and this one I found to be interesting and my partner would enjoy as well. Writer Bethany Heitman from the magazine Cosmopolitan states, ‘…fascinating news: Researchers have discovered that the smell of cucumber-that’s right, cucumbers- makes women aroused’ (p. 193). Who would have thought that this fresh smelling fruit with their hint of a mild sweetness and bitterness would make your female partner so aroused? Automatically I was hooked on why cucumbers and other foods increased pleasure during sexual encounters....
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...flexibility.Here are three Alberta companies that embody modern workforce thinking.MICRALYNE INC.A custom electronics components manufacturing firm, Micralyne is one of a mere handful that make microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) used by specialized instrument makers.MEMS components are so tiny that hundreds and hundreds fit on a chip the size of your fingertip. These components move when an electrical force is applied, and trigger an automobile's air bag release, for instance, or direct an overseas telephone call, explains says Jaya Gurjar, marketing and communications.A spinoff from a University of Alberta research facility, Micralyne thrives on new ideas and an open door policy."People are definitely appreciated by management," Gurjar says. "Within the company, there's room to grow."The company as a whole is growing, too, both in its physical plant in the Edmonton Research Park, and in the global marketplace where employees are proud to rank fourth or fifth in the world."We have tons of customers coming through the door and we need more people," Gurjar says.Micralyne boosted its revenues by 50 per cent last year and the 175th employee was hired this month.While a rich benefits program includes medical and dental coverage, a percentage of company profits, RRSP donation matching and every third Friday off, it...
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...Ahern All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of the Publisher. For information address Hyperion, 77 West 66th Street, New York, New York 10023-6298. Hyperion books are available for special promotions and premiums. For details contact Michael Rentas, Manager, Inventory and Premium Sales, Hyperion, 77 West 66th Street, 11th floor, New York, New York 10023, or call 212-456-0133. ISBN: 1-4013-8302-5 First eBook Edition: February 2005 For Mimmie, the dearest of them all . . . LOVE, ROSIE R part 1 8 chapter 1 k To Alex You are invited to my 7th birthday party on Tuesday the 8th of April in my house. We are having a magician and you can come to my house at 2 o’clock. It is over at 5 o’clock. I hope you will come, From your best friend Rosie To Rosie Yes I will come to your brithday party on Wensday. Form Alex To Alex My birthday party is on Tuesday not Wednesday. You can’t bring sandy to the party because mum says so. She is a smelly dog. From Rosie To Rosie I do not care wot your stupid mum says sandy wants to come. Form Alex 4 Cecelia Ahern To Alex My mum is not stupid you are. You are not aloud to bring the dog. She will brust the baloons. From Rosie To Rosie Then I am not going. Form Alex To Alex Fine. From Rosie Dear Ms. Stewart I just called by to have a word with you about my daughter Rosie’s birthday on the 8th of April...
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...Limitation Conceptual Framework Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature Foreign Literature Local Literature Foreign and Local Studies Synthesis Chapter 3 Methodology Gender Section Ingredients and Equipments and Materials Procedures ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research was impossible to be done without the help of the people in different ways. First of all, we would like to thank Mr. Ronaldo A. Salvador, School President, for giving us a chance to experience this subject. To our Research Adviser, Mr. Abigail Luis Ahmad for his willingness to help us for making this Science Investigatory Project successful. We would also like to thank Mrs. Angelita Lopez for giving us an idea for this product. For the fourth year students that assisted us for making this research. Thanks to Jana Meamo for teaching us the right format of these research papers and for the loving support. Lastly, we would also like to thank our parents for the financial support and for giving some advices, for giving us a time to make this research and for the loving support. Especially, we would like to thank God for giving us knowledge, spiritual presence, guiding us to make this research and for encouraging us to finish this research spiritually. The Researchers: K.S.S.B. R.F.A.O. J.L.A.T. V.A.P.C. R.J.E.K. R.M.L. J.R.T. CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Introduction Fruits are generally high in fiber, water, vitamin C and sugars, although this latter varies widely from traces...
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...Running head: WORLD RELIGIONS REPORT World Religions Report XXXXXXXX Axia College HUM 130 XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX World Religions This paper presents research of the beliefs and practices of Roman Catholicism; describes the worship space of the church; summarizes an interview conducted with a believer; and finally, compares Roman Catholicism to Islam. The Roman Catholic Church’s origins come directly from the teachings of Jesus and his disciples, as do all denominations of Christianity. “Jesus sent his disciples into all the world, and Paul had opened the church to the Gentiles. In a sense catholic Christianity was simply a development of Jesus’ plans and Paul’s efforts”. (Shelley, 1995) When Constantine became the first Christian Roman emperor in 313 A.D., Christianity became free from persecution and later even became the official religion of the Roman Empire. This however; marked the unofficial end of the unified church as power plays and politics became as much a part of the church as the gospels themselves. In 1054, the Eastern Orthodox Church split from the unified Church over the principle of supreme authority being held by the Bishop of Rome (better known as the Pope). During this time, the Roman Catholic Church also established its own authority to teach and interpret scripture. “Individual believers are not encouraged to read the Bible and seek its meaning; instead...
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...THE WAR OF THE WORLDS FINAL WHITE Barré Lyndon December 18, 1951 FADE IN: 1. H. G. WELLS' BOOK We see the colorful cover, then the first page. A VOICE with a Wells-like accent quotes the opening words: VOICE No one would have believed, in the first decades of the twentieth century... DISSOLVE: 2. SPECIAL EFFECT - SKY FULL OF STARS The planet Mars shows just above the spires and roof- tops of a city on the horizon. VOICE (Continuing) ...that human affairs were being watched...
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...A TEACHER’S GUIDE TO THE SIGNET CLASSIC EDITION OF BOOKER T. WASHINGTON’S UP FROM SLAVERY By VIRGINIA L. SHEPHARD, Ph.D., Florida State University S E R I E S E D I T O R S : W. GEIGER ELLIS, ED.D., ARTHEA J. S. REED, PH.D., UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, EMERITUS and UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, RETIRED A Teacher’s Guide to the Signet Classic Edition of Booker T. Washington’s Up from Slavery 2 INTRODUCTION Booker T. Washington’s commanding presence and oratory deeply moved his contemporaries. His writings continue to influence readers today. Although Washington claimed his autobiography was “a simple, straightforward story, with no attempt at embellishment,” readers for nearly a century have found it richly rewarding. Today, Up From Slavery appeals to a wide audience from early adolescence through adulthood. More important, however, is the inspiration his story of hard work and positive goals gives to all readers. His life is an example providing hope to all. The complexity and contradictions of his life make his autobiography intellectually intriguing for advanced readers. To some he was known as the Sage of Tuskegee or the Black Moses. One of his prominent biographers, Louis R. Harlan, called him the “Wizard of the Tuskegee Machine.” Others acknowledged him to be a complicated person and public figure. Students of American social and political history have come to see that Washington lived a double life. Publicly he appeased the white establishment...
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...Strategy Analysis MGMT 562 Rusty Gates Margaret Hogan Liberty McCarty Anita Ramachandran Tony Reed TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary…………………………………………………………….3 Introduction……………………………………………………………………..4 External Analysis……………………………………………………………….5 Suppliers………………………………………………………...…….5 Customers………………………………………………………..……5 Competitors…………………………………………………………...6 New Entrants………………………………………………………….7 Substitutes……………………………………………………………..7 Opportunities and Threats……………………………………………..8 Internal Analysis………………………………………………………………..8 Strengths………………………………………………………………8 Weaknesses…………………………………………………………...9 Value Chain, VRIO Framework, Core Competencies……………….10 Key Strategies………………………………………………………………….11 Investment Recommendation………………………………………………….12 References…………………………………………………………………….13 2 Executive Summary Starbucks Coffee Company, founded in 1971 is headquartered in Seattle, WA and operates in 37 countries around the world. The backbone of Starbuck’s business is its company-operated retail stores. Starbucks has employed a strong differentiation strategy in order to turn a traditional $.50 commodity into a $4 experience. This following report provides an analysis of the strategies used by Starbucks to stay on top of its growing and volatile industry. Starbucks’ governing principles are based on three strategic stances: the third place experience, creating a human connection, and providing a quality everyday experience for customers. The specific strategies used by Starbucks include:...
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...Abstract This paper investigates the strategic management of Pepsi Cola and Coca-Cola in an effort to make recommendations on how Pepsi Cola can build strategies in gaining a larger share of the market. The assessment of strategic management begins with the vision and mission of both organizations, which leads into literature review that identifies the consumer preferences of both Pepsi Cola and Coca-Cola. Following the literature review is the teams’ own personal assessment of consumer preferences for the Pepsi Cola and Coca-Cola brand (Please refer to Appendix A for the assessment). Finalizing the investigation are recommendations for Pepsi Cola to gain a larger share of the market. The Cola Wars Research Paper According to an industry report from Hoover’s (2014), the U.S. soft drink industry yields $34 billion annually and continues to grow internationally. The largest markets of consumption for soft drinks outside the U.S. are: Mexico, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay (Hoover’s, 2014). The constant change of consumer preferences is what drives Pepsi Cola and Coca-Cola to compete for a larger share of the market. The intense rivalry between Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola have been going on since the late 1800’s (Economy Watch, 2011); when Pepsi Cola was born from a “combination of: carbonated water, kola nuts, vanilla, and rare oils” (Pepsi Legacy Book, p.7. 2005). This paper focuses on the diversified strategies of both Pepsi Cola and Coca-Cola in their efforts to gain...
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...HIER Harvard Institute of Economic Research Discussion Paper Number 2097 Paternalism and Psychology by Edward L. Glaeser December 2005 HARVARD UNIVERSITY Cambridge, Massachusetts This paper can be downloaded without charge from: http://post.economics.harvard.edu/hier/2005papers/2005list.html The Social Science Research Network Electronic Paper Collection: http://ssrn.com/abstract=860865 Paternalism and Psychology Edward L. Glaeser† Does bounded rationality make paternalism more attractive? This Essay argues that errors will be larger when suppliers have stronger incentives or lower costs of persuasion and when consumers have weaker incentives to learn the truth. These comparative statics suggest that bounded rationality will often increase the costs of government decisionmaking relative to private decisionmaking, because consumers have better incentives to overcome errors than government decisionmakers, consumers have stronger incentives to choose well when they are purchasing than when they are voting and it is more costly to change the beliefs of millions of consumers than a handful of bureaucrats. As such, recognizing the limits of human cognition may strengthen the case for limited government. INTRODUCTION An increasingly large body of evidence documenting bounded rationality and non-standard preferences has led many scholars to question eco1 nomics’ traditional hostility towards paternalism. After all, if individuals have so many cognitive difficulties then...
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...A TEACHER’S GUIDE TO THE SIGNET CLASSIC EDITION OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S ROMEO AND JULIET By ARTHEA J.S. REED, PH.D. S E R I E S W. GEIGER ELLIS, ED.D., E D I T O R S : UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, EMERITUS and ARTHEA J. S. REED, PH.D., UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, RETIRED A Teacher’s Guide to the Signet Classic Edition of William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet 2 INTRODUCTION William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is an excellent introduction to Shakespearean drama; teenagers can relate to its plot, characters, and themes. The play’s action is easily understood, the character’s motives are clear, and many of the themes are as current today as they were in Shakespeare’s time. Therefore, it can be read on a variety of levels, allowing all students to enjoy it. Less able readers can experience the swash-buckling action and investigate the themes of parent-child conflict, sexuality, friendship, and suicide. Because of the play’s accessibility to teenagers, able readers can view the play from a more literary perspective, examining the themes of hostility ad its effect on the innocent, the use of deception and its consequences, and the effects of faulty decision making. They can study how the characters function within the drama and how Shakespeare uses language to develop plot, characters, and themes. The most able students can develop skills involved in literary criticism by delving into the play’s comic and tragic elements and its classically...
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...Journal of Economic Perspectives—Volume 17, Number 2—Spring 2003—Pages 3–26 The Fall of Enron Paul M. Healy and Krishna G. Palepu F rom the start of the 1990s until year-end 1998, Enron’s stock rose by 311 percent, only modestly higher than the rate of growth in the Standard & Poor’s 500. But then the stock soared. It increased by 56 percent in 1999 and a further 87 percent in 2000, compared to a 20 percent increase and a 10 percent decline for the index during the same years. By December 31, 2000, Enron’s stock was priced at $83.13, and its market capitalization exceeded $60 billion, 70 times earnings and six times book value, an indication of the stock market’s high expectations about its future prospects. Enron was rated the most innovative large company in America in Fortune magazine’s survey of Most Admired Companies. Yet within a year, Enron’s image was in tatters and its stock price had plummeted nearly to zero. Exhibit 1 lists some of the critical events for Enron between August and December 2001—a saga of document shredding, restatements of earnings, regulatory investigations, a failed merger and the company ling for bankruptcy. We will assess how governance and incentive problems contributed to Enron’s rise and fall. A well-functioning capital market creates appropriate linkages of information, incentives and governance between managers and investors. This process is supposed to be carried out through a network of intermediaries that include professional...
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...Journal of Economic Perspectives—Volume 17, Number 2—Spring 2003—Pages 3–26 The Fall of Enron Paul M. Healy and Krishna G. Palepu F rom the start of the 1990s until year-end 1998, Enron’s stock rose by 311 percent, only modestly higher than the rate of growth in the Standard & Poor’s 500. But then the stock soared. It increased by 56 percent in 1999 and a further 87 percent in 2000, compared to a 20 percent increase and a 10 percent decline for the index during the same years. By December 31, 2000, Enron’s stock was priced at $83.13, and its market capitalization exceeded $60 billion, 70 times earnings and six times book value, an indication of the stock market’s high expectations about its future prospects. Enron was rated the most innovative large company in America in Fortune magazine’s survey of Most Admired Companies. Yet within a year, Enron’s image was in tatters and its stock price had plummeted nearly to zero. Exhibit 1 lists some of the critical events for Enron between August and December 2001—a saga of document shredding, restatements of earnings, regulatory investigations, a failed merger and the company filing for bankruptcy. We will assess how governance and incentive problems contributed to Enron’s rise and fall. A well-functioning capital market creates appropriate linkages of information, incentives and governance between managers and investors. This process is supposed to be carried out through a network of intermediaries that include professional...
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