...Conclusion 11 Bibliography 13 1 Introduction Entrepreneurship is one of a major factor influencing the economy of countries in terms of international trade, infrastructure, employment and living standards as well as capital growth. It also reflects the effectiveness of government policies. Entrepreneurship relates to national policies (taxation, regulations, ease of doing business), entrepreneurship financing (banks, government support), economic circumstances (economic freedom), marketing (competitiveness), public agency assistance (government support), and expertise etc.. The level of entrepreneurial activity not only interacts with the factors above, but also with cultural or geographical factors and regulations. Personality characteristics, behavior and motivation are also the major elements, which should be taken into consideration. There are many determinants of being or becoming self-employed which are dealt with in the literature, such as employment status, minority behavior, immigrant behavior, family firm effects and attitudinal effects (Freytak/Thurik 2006, 6). The assignment compares the level of entrepreneurial activity between the U.S. and China as these locations have contrasting characteristics regarding all these different aspects of entrepreneurial activity. It discovers and compares the reason how some of them – cultural factors, government policies, funding & financing and finally education & training – are influencing entrepreneurship in these...
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...THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY TABLE OF CONTENTS Title page Dedication Approval page Abstract Acknowledgment Table of contents CHAPTER ONE 0. INTRODUCTION OF “THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY” 1. Background of the study 2. History background of the case study 3. Statement of the problem 4. Objective of the study 5. Significance of the study 6. Formulation of hypothesis 7. The scope of the study 8. Limitations of the study 9. Definition of terms CHAPTER TWO 1. Meaning and history of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria 2. History of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria 3. Meaning and functions of an entrepreneur 4. Functions of an entrepreneur 5. Activities of the Nigeria Association of Small-scale Industrialists (NASSI) in the development of entrepreneurship 6. Problem of NASSI in the discharge of entrepreneurship development in Enugu 7. Comments 8. Reference CHAPTER THREE 0. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF “THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY” 1. Method of data collection 2. Population of the study 3. Sample and sample techniques 4. Research instruments 5. Method of data analysis CHAPTER FOUR 0. DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF “THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY” 1. Test of hypothesis CHAPTER FIVE 0. DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS...
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...REVIEW OF A JOURNAL 1. BIBLIOGRAPHY Author: Mr. Yeng Keat, Ooi and Shuhymee Ahmad from School of Business Management, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. A Study among University Students in Business Start-Ups in Malaysia: Motivations and Obstacles to Become Entrepreneurs, International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol 3 No. 19; October 2012. 2. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The main objective of the study is to examine the undergraduate students' perceptions on entrepreneurship, on the motivators, obstacles and challenges as well as the government support behind starting up and sustaining a new venture. The study also attempts to examine if there are any differences of gender, birth order and working experience with one's entrepreneurial intention. Comments: The objective of the study and the title of the journal is not so appropriate because the objective is on perceptions only whereas the title seems to be getting a dependable results. 3. PROBLEM The author cited no clear problem statements but the title seemed to be of educational significance. The problem was not clearly delineated and it required several readings to establish why the authors felt this study needed to be done. It was limited to the researchers' capabilities and resources. 4. REVIEW OF LITERATURE The author cited no clear review of literature; however, several appropriate references were used in the introduction section which referred to Thailand and Hong Kong...
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...Entrepreneurs’ Business Plan Competition is sponsored by the Entrepreneurship Advancement Center and businesses throughout the area. The competition provides participants with an opportunity to develop and present a business plan to start a new business or to offer a new product or service within an existing business. Entrepreneurial business ideas are strongly encouraged. Participants will prepare a written business plan based on research and will request financing for the plan through a role-play interview. Eligibility • Any student attending high school may enter this competition. General Requirements • The competition will be completed in two parts: the written business plan and a presentation of the plan. • There will be two rounds. The preliminary round will be held at individual high schools. The final round will be held for the top winners from each participating high school. • The competition will be divided into two divisions: an individual division and a team division. Teams may consist of up to three students. • Students may compete in only one division and may enter the competition once per school year. • The “most original” business plan idea will receive additional recognition in the preliminary round at each school and in the final round. Important Dates • Students must register for the competition by the date determined for their school. If you are not enrolled in a high school entrepreneurship class, contact Cathy Langlois at cathy@goentrepreneurs...
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...What is your personal theory of entrepreneurship? My theory of entrepreneurship is the gift/objective of being able to see opportunity when others cannot so as to establish new ventures or the creation of new value in existing ones. According to Schumpeter’s (1934) view of entrepreneurship wealth is created when innovation results in new demand. In finding innovative ways of using inputs he theorises that the value of the product or service will exceed the cost of input factors thus generating superior returns that result in the creation of wealth. In line with this he says that destruction of old ways of doing things through innovation is key to entrepreneurial activities and GDP growth. This is supported by Kirzner’s (1973) theory of entrepreneurship of “alertness to hitherto undiscovered opportunities” and the action in the market economy of arbitrage and the value this can create. Who becomes and entrepreneur and why? According to Gartner (1985), “the entrepreneur is not a fixed state of existence; rather entrepreneurship is a role that individuals undertake to create organisations”. In this way one can understand how complex the matter of answering the question of who becomes and entrepreneur and why. Gartner believes that using a behavioural approach scholars are able to separate the act of entrepreneurship from the individual entrepreneur and so methodologies and techniques can be developed to discover correlations between the two factors. When looking at the individual...
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...Entrepreneurship versus Intrapreneurship1 Veronica MAIER2 Cristiana POP ZENOVIA Abstract This paper provides a review of theoretical studies on the concepts of entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship, pinpointing the similarities and differences between them. Entrepreneurship continues to thrive in almost all corners of the world. Entrepreneurs are reshaping the business environment, creating a world in which their companies play an important role in the vitality of the global economy. But there is not always necessary to establish a company in order to implement new ideas. A great potential lies in applying business principles within existing organizations. Keywords: entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship, human capital, business, leadership JEL classification: L26 Introduction Why are entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs suddenly more important today than before? An explanation to this question would be that the world is changing nowadays more rapidly under the influence of new technologies. The increasing competition hinders our work. It does not suffice anymore to stand before our competitors simply driven by our will of competing; we have to bring something new to the market. Entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs play a decisive role as they help the company (newly established or existing) to engage in new business and enter new markets. The concept of entrepreneurship is seen as the process of uncovering and developing an opportunity to create value through innovation...
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...04.FEBRUARY.2015 Case Study Of Google, Inc. Innovation and Entrepreneurship By Wei, He (Vivian.H) Table of Contents What are the major problems facing Google in 2009 ........................................................... 3 Losing employees .................................................................................................................. 3 Stock prices going down ...................................................................................................... 3 Maintain company corporate culture in entrepreneurship and innovation ................... 3 Product not making money ................................................................................................. 4 Decrease in advertising revenue.......................................................................................... 4 What are the implications, opportunities and threats presented to Google ....................... 4 Strategies ............................................................................................................................... 4 Opportunity .......................................................................................................................... 5 Threats................................................................................................................................... 5 Explain what was the primary strategic inflection point for Google .................................. 6 Calculate the key profitability, and...
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...BMA 246 -What is entrepreneurship Jin Mingming 199151 Considering the influence of the context, Entrepreneurship should be perceived as a living and breathing human being, who act as a social animal and is growth with the sensibility to opportunities and threats around.This article is mainly talking about the importance of sensing and manipulating as a entrepreneur. Firstly, two pictures of entrepreneurship will be illustrated with understanding about the principal of entrepreneurship. Afterward, two main differentiate characteristics of entrepreneurship as a life will be summarized together with evidences. Besides, how future entrepreneurship create values will be speculated associating with the business trends. Entrepreneurship——as a living body or as a robot Entrepreneurship, just like a navigation over red oceans, is a strategic operation in a market filled with fierce competition. It is not enough for an entrepreneur to have merely the determination of success and knowledge, and that is what a manager do to act as a interest-directed professional talents. According to Gibb’s theory, Entrepreneurship is no longer understood as a business-thinking components but a dynamic human being. In conventional understanding, referred to textbook (p210, Figure9.3) Entrepreneurship is a sub-set of business in a context of business. According to Gibb’s summary, entrepreneurs are always behave like a manager of a large business, they will have a forehead preparation such as...
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...formats. Jewellery retailing is moving from a ‘Storehouse of value’ to a ‘Precious fashion accessory’. Consumers are more quality conscious than ever before. The jewellery market is one of the largest consumer sectors in the country- larger than telecom, automobiles and apparel and perhaps second only to the food sector. Need and objectives: The purpose behind this study is to find out where do women in Punjab fare on the road to entrepreneurship. Punjab has immense opportunities for women to showcase their talent in various fields like arts, science, management etc. This research is therefore focused upon young graduate women in Punjab to study their entrepreneurial bent of mind and other characteristics associated with it. Objectives:- To study the inclination of women towards entrepreneurship in Punjab To understand the motivation factors behind starting up their own business To find out the most preferred area for entrepreneurship by women in Punjab To study the potential barriers that they might face on their road to entrepreneurship...
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...THE UNIVESITY OF ZAMBIA SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES NAME : KALUBA PHIRI QUESTION: ENTREPRENEURS ARE BORN. DISCUSS The main objective of this essay is to discuss whether entrepreneurs are born or made. It will start by giving an elaborate definition of an entrepreneur and also highlight the characteristics which they possess. It will thereafter discuss with valid points raised on both angles of whether entrepreneurs are born or made. It will therefore justify with persuasive evidence that entrepreneurs are made. Finally a conclusion will be drawn. The entrepreneur character is one of the characters which strongly influence business around the world. This explains the need to understand the profile of such a character. An entrepreneur is a person who creates a new business, taking risks in achieving the objectives which they propose, to make profits and growth by identifying some important opportunities. An entrepreneur manages important resources, which he or she draws from different sources on a major power to persuade those who hold them. Many experts have sought to understand and describe the personality of the entrepreneur, because, although many people have good ideas to start a business, some turn these ideas into concrete businesses (Shapiro 1975). Burdus (3, 2007) An entrepreneur is said to be "a person with...
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...Leadership and Entrepreneurship in Hospitality and Tourism Student ID: Submitted to: Course Title: Table of contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….2 Leadership characteristics……………………………………………………………2 Entrepreneurial characteristics………………………………………………………7 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………..10 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………11 Introduction: For the purpose of this essay, the author has decided to use these characteristics to analyze leadership style of Mr. Walt Elias Disney who had earned a good reputation in the entertainment and tourism industry in the 19th century. Leadership Characteristics: Academic literature on leadership has suggested some important characteristics which an effective leader should reflect in a particular situation. These characteristics can help one recognize a particular leadership style of an individual. The prime characteristic of a leader is to put his or her followers’ and organization’s need ahead of his own wishes (Kakabadse and Kakabadse,1999). Leadership style is not something which one can adopt according to his or her taste or interest but it is something to be adopted depending upon the situation that people or the organization is into (Horner, 2003). Walt Disney had laid the foundation of his company Walt Disney Corporation in the year 1923. Today the company is successfully executing several entertainment and tourism ventures such as movies, story books, costumes, clothing, toys, channel...
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...BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 4. SCOPE OF THE STUDY 5. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 6. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 7. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 8. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 9. DEFINITION OF TERMS. REFERENCES CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 MEANING AND CONCEPT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP 2.2 HISTROY OF ENTREPRENUERIAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA. 2.3 ECONOMIC EFFECT OF ENTREPRENUERSHIP IN NIGERIA. 2.4 IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT IN EBONYI STATE REFERENCES CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 3:1 RESEARCH DESIGN 2. AREA OF THE STUDY 3. POPULATION OF THE STUDY 4. SAMPLE AND SAMPLING 3.5 INSTRUMENT OF DATA COLLECTION 3.6 VALIDATIION OF INSTRUMENT 7. RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT 8. METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION 9. METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION REFERENCES CHAPTER FOUR 4.1 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 4.2 TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS 4.3 SUMMARY OF RESULTS CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION OF RESULTS AND FINDINGS 5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 2. CONCLUSION 5.3 IMPLICATION OF THE RESEARCH FINDINGS 5.4 RECOMMENDATION 5.5 SUGGESTION FOR THE RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The worldwide economic depression of the early 80’s caused a rapid deterioration of the Nigeria economy. The output shrank to an all time local and commercial activities, which were consequently reduced, leading to the loss of employment opportunities in...
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...Entrepreneurship and Small Business By: Miguel Serodio 12/11/2011 Index Introduction......................................................................................................................page 3 Core...................................................................................................................................page 4 References........................................................................................................................page 8 Bibliography.....................................................................................................................page 9 Introduction In 1985 an the Companies Act was brought up to define better the size of small business in order to make it more clear than before, the Bolton Committee. The new act defined the business by setting maximum criterions of annual turnover, annual balance sheet total and the number of employees. This act helped to define in a practical way than before, for the reason that the Bolton Committee used to have a large number of definitions such as under 200 employees for manufacturing firms to £50 000 turnover for retailing, and up to five vehicles or less for road transport. With so many different criterions it was unpractical to define what, so the Companies Act defined that there was two groups of small and medium firms. Small business would have a maximum annual turnover of £2.8 million with an annual balance sheet total of £1.4...
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...http://listdose.com/top-10-worlds-biggest-financial-crises/ (Ray, 2013) Bibliography: Ray, J. 2013. Top 10 World's Biggest Financial Crises Ever - List Dose. [online] Available at: http://listdose.com/top-10-worlds-biggest-financial-crises/ [Accessed: 15 February 2014]. http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpd&c=dsp&k=expansionary+monetary+policy http://www.frbsf.org/education/publications/doctor-econ/2002/may/business-cycles-economy 1) Federal Reserve Bank of SAN FRANCISCO, 2002. What are business cycles and how do they affect the economy. [Online] Available at <http://www.frbsf.org/education/publications/doctor-econ/2002/may/business-cycles-economy> [Accessed: 15 February 2014]. (Federal Reserve Bank of SAN FRANCISCO, 2002) http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/economics/inflation-and-monetary-policy/revise-it/uk-monetary-policy (monetary policy) 2) S-cool, 2014. UK Monetary Policy. [online] Available at: <http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/economics/inflation-and-monetary-policy/revise-it/uk-monetary-policy > [Accessed: 16 February 2014]. (S-cool, 2014) http://www.economist.com/economics-a-to-z/c#node-21529532 (centra bank as lender of last resort) 3) The Economist.2014. Economic A-Z terms beginning with C. [Online] Available at: http://www.economist.com/economics-a-to-z/c#node-21529532 [Accessed: 20 February 2014] (The Economist, 2014) https://courses.byui.edu/econ_151/presentations/Lesson_08.htm * 4) Courses.byui.edu. 2014. ECON...
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...Question Social networking has had a phenomenal effect on communication and information flow. As a professional, demonstrate how you would utilize social media to enhance your company’s line of business? Answer The journey into how social networking is vital to my company’s business can be examined through the following business strategies: • Networking • Marketing A destination wedding is defined as a matrimonial ceremony occurring at least 100 miles from the bride’s current place of residence. The Caribbean is one of the most popular choices for destination wedding planning among the global bride with the option of an added-on honeymoon available immediately after the wedding. Wedding by Emma daily will use social networking to interact with clients worldwide to inform them about our company’s affordable destination wedding packages. When starting a new business venture one must engage in understanding what the future tasks for the business’ success would entail. A good way to do this other than literary research is through networking with others in the same industry. How do you find individuals in the same field? Thanks to social media has changed the way we meet and connect with people across the globe. Information and vital business relationships are formed and shared this way. LinkedIn, for example, is a network of professionals in a variety of industries and sectors who create profiles and get listed on one of the world’s largest business...
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