Malinda Tan
Bio342L
02/ 28/ 2013
Ventilation Lab report
The tidal volume had decreased from 0.330 L before holding breath to 0.304 L after holding breath. The tidal volume had also increase from 0.284 L before to 0.381 L after Hyperventilation. The different value of tidal volume should be obtained between before and after hypoventilation or hyperventilation due to the different breathing rate.
The breathing rate before holding breath and after holding breath did not change. It was 11 breaths per 30 seconds. In theory however, the breathing rate should increase after hypoventilation due the increasing of CO2 level in the blood activate the respiratory center in the brain to activate motor neurons to the respiratory muscle and lead to body response of increase the breathing rate. This measurement error could cause by improper used of the spirometer. For example, not all air was passing through the mouthpiece during the breathing process. She felt that there was air went outside of the mouthpiece. There was a small increased in the breathing rate from 13 breaths per 30 seconds before hyperventilation to 14 breaths per 30 seconds after hyperventilation. CO2 gets flushed out of the body system during hyperventilation thus lead to decreasing the CO2 in the blood plasma. This should result in lowered breathing rates but our experience showed the opposite result. Therefore, the same error that describe above might contribute into this result. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a obstructive lung disease that a patient has a difficult time breathing due to the lungs are damaged. The air ways are partly obstructed therefore the COPD patient has have a hard time to get air in and out of the lung. It’s also a major cause of death and illness in the United State and through the world. The most common cause of this disease is cigarette smoking. Other thing such as working in a certain kind of chemical and breathing in the fumes for many years and working in a dusty area for a long period of time can also lead to COPD. There is no cure for COPD. The symptom of COPD are cough, mucus production, shortness of breath, chest tightness and there is a squeaky shown produced when a COPD patient breath. Most of the time COPD occur in people who are at least 40 years olds. COPD can be diagnosed by using spirometry. Interstitial Lung Disease is one of restrictive lung disease that occur when there is a damage in lung parenchyma. The cause of this disease include environmental inhaled irritants such as dust, gases, fumes, radiation, poison and drugs. This disease can be treat by performing oxygen therapy or lung transplantation or taking drug such as Azathioprine (Imuran) and N-acetylcysteine (Mucosmyst). The symptom are shortness of breath, cough and weight loss. This disease can be diagnosed by performing chest X-ray, computed tomography (CT scan), high-resolution CT scan and lung biopsy.
