...BIPOLAR DISORDER PSY/340 Today there are many different illnesses that affect the structure and function of the brain. Learning Team B decided to do their research on bipolar Disorder. Team B will evaluate the teams’ presentation and be able to describe the illness. Explain the neurological damage or changes to the brain as a result of the illness. Explain the behavioral functional changes that can occur as a result. Describe the suspected known causes of the illness. Discuss the treatments and explain the role of genetics of the illness. Bipolar Disorder, also known as manic depressive disorder or manic depression is a serious mental illness that can lead to risky behavior, damaged relationships and careers, and even suicidal tendencies if not treated (Healthline, 2014). Bipolar disorder is a serious mental disorder that causes extreme shifts in mood, energy, and functioning. Bipolar disorder has two phases which are manic phase and depressed phase. Manic phase symptoms is increased energy, unusual talkativeness, racing thoughts, little need for sleep, inflated self-esteem, and spending sprees. The depressed phase is sadness, uncontrollable crying, anxiety, loss of interest or enjoyment in activities, withdrawal from family and friends and excessive guilt (Healthline, 2014). Bipolar disorder is a relatively common and chronic psychiatric condition in which patient’s episodes of mania and depression, usually with intervening periods of relative mood stability. Three brain...
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...Running Head: BIPOLAR DISORDER Bipolar Disorder Psychology 111 Introduction to Psychology Abby Mehilng Dakota College at Bottineau Bipolar Disorder: Bipolar disorder is a condition that affects both how you act and feel. It’s a brain disorder that causes extreme mood swings from manic highs to depressive lows, these are not normal highs and lows everyday people are faced with in their daily life, these symptoms are severe. This disorder also affects your energy and activity levels. Imagine not being able to control the way you act and feel at any given moment in life. Imagine not being able to control eating habits, sleep patterns and temper. People all over the word suffer from these types of symptoms because of the disorder called bipolar-disorder. It is a serious condition that is with a person throughout their entire life and affects their everyday living. It can be described as an extreme high or a feeling unusually great. With this disorder people experience extreme mood swings that they cannot control, and it usually leads to a negative thing happing in the person’s life. Bipolar-disorder is a disease that cannot be cured and is a major problem because people cannot live normally because of the negative effects it causes in their lives such as uncontrollable mood changes, reckless behavior and harming themselves and others. Bipolar-disorder affects both men and woman the same and usually appears between the ages of 15-25. The exact cause of it is unknown but...
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...Bipolar Disorder Lisa Thomas Abnormal Psychology February 23, 2011 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to discuss bipolar disorders. This paper will include a discussion on what bipolar disorders are how each episode of bipolar affects the person mental status and some of the treatment for this disorder. Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is a mental illness that includes a continuum of depression, mixed moods, hypomania and mania (Benazzi, 2007). Bipolar disorder has two main diagnoses which are bipolar I and bipolar II. Diagnosis of bipolar I is made when mania is presented for at least a week, and is severe enough to cause hospitalization (Benazzi, 2007). On the other hand bipolar II is linked to hypomania lasting for at least four days, and does not require hospitalization, however, both bipolar I and bipolar II have periods of depression (Benazzi, 2007). Bipolar disorder, or manic depressive disorder, is a disorder that is characterized by extreme mood changes (Benazzi,2007). A person that suffers from this disorder can go from begin energetic, and outgoing to feeling of worthlessness, and may become irritated. These extreme mood shifts can be altered in a short amount of time, or take months or even up to a year to go through a mood transition (Salto, 2002). A person that suffers from bipolar disorder that goes for treatment is still not out of danger; the dramatic changes during treatment can cause the person who has bipolar to have many mixed emotions...
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... Bipolar Disorder Ray Boarman Community College of Baltimore County Boarman 2 Bipolar Disorder Auntie Pauline was always a blast to be around. Filled with a seemingly endless supply of energy, my brother and I used to love when she visited. We would run around my grandfathers yard playing tag or swinging on the tire swing with her. However, months would go by and we wouldn’t see or hear from Aunt Pauline. No phones calls would come from South Carolina until she was feeling “up” again. Aunt Pauline has bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of two basic types of mood disorders (MD), the other being unipolar disorder (Weiten, 2012). A MD “is marked by emotional disturbances of varied kinds that may spill over to disrupt physical, perceptual, social, and thought processes” (Weiten, 2012). Bipolar disorders’ emotional disturbances include bouts of mania, or elation, followed by depression (Weiten, 2012). These disturbances can vary from person to person but, median lengths are known to be 3 to 12 months long (Weiten, 2012). There are many theories why individuals develop bipolar disorder however, scientist agree that it is not caused by a single factor (Bipolar Disorder). Genetics is shown to be a factor in the acquisition of the disorder. If a family has a history of BD the chances of an offspring acquiring the disorder is increased (Bipolar Disorder)...
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...Psychotherapy: Bipolar Disorder Psychotherapy: Bipolar Disorder By March 2, 2012 Psychotherapy: Bipolar Disorder I’ve chosen to research treatment for bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is also referred to as manic-depressive illness. Bipolar disorder causes severe changes in mood and attitude. Elevated energy levels and depression can sometimes alternate. Bipolar disorder can also be severe enough to cause delusions and hallucinations. There’s quite a wide array of treatment for bipolar disorder. The most common form of treatment is mood stabilization medications. The first mood stabilizing medication Lithium controls systems of elevated moods. It also helps to prevent the reoccurrence of mood swings and depression. Atypical antipsychotic medications are another form of treatment that may be used in conjunction with other treatments as well. Atypical antipsychotic medications are used to treat patients that have trouble with or experience psychotic episodes. It is also sometimes used just to maintain mood levels if even the patient has never had any psychotic episodes. Some are used only after there has been a sudden episode. Some are also used to control and maintain mixed episodes. Another step in treatment is to use antidepressant medications. They’re used to treat symptoms of depression. Most patients take antidepressants with mood stabilization medications. There are other types of treatment approaches that may work. There are non-drug treatments...
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...Bipolar Disorder The symptoms of Bipolar disorder are depression, mood swings, mania, and cyclothymia. There are two types of Bipolar disorder there is type I, which is manic depression (Bipolar Disorder, 2011) Patients with bipolar disorder II have never had any mania, instead the patient experiences periods of high energy levels and impulsiveness that are not as extreme as mania. This form of bipolar disorder is also called hypomania, the periods of extreme highs alternate with episodes of extreme depression (Bipolar Disorder, 2011). There is a mild form of bipolar disorder called cyclothymic disorder and this involves less severe mood swings and people with this form are wrongly diagnosed as having depression, but it is usually just bipolar disorder type II (Bipolar Disorder, 2011). There are many life changing events that can trigger the onset of bipolar disorder. These events can be happy and exciting events or sad and devastating. The events could be the birth of a child or it could be a divorce (Bipolar Disorder, 2011). Sometimes when Bipolar Disorder is misdiagnosed the drugs that are administered for depression can actually make Bipolar disorder worse. Many studies have shown that illegal drug use such as, hallucinogens or inhibitors of any kind can trigger bipolar onset in severe ways (Bipolar Disorder, 2011). Many people have triggered the onset of bipolar disorder from massive trauma like car accidents, explosions, and emotionally damaging trauma like a death of...
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...Bipolar Disorder Research Paper Evaluating Bipolar Disorder History of the Disorder Bipolar Disorder, formally known as “manic-depressive disorder,” is one of the oldest disorders that dates back to the second century. Aretaeus, who lived in the ancient city Cappadocia in Turkey, was the first to find and connect symptoms of mania and depression. Jules Farlet connected depression to suicide in 1854 and led to the term “Bipolar Disorder.” He found that moments of depression were linked to heightened moods and saw that there was a difference between this and simple depression. In 1875, these findings led to the term of “Manic-Depressive Psychosis.” He also later found a genetic link with this disorder. Francois Baillarger found and explained the depressive phase of the disorder and then received its own classification as a mental illness because of this finding. Emil Krapelin created the term manic-depressive after a study focusing on the how manic states effect depression. After fifteen years, the disorder was accepted and became a big theory of the 1930’s. An article, published in The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorder in 1952, showed that there was a genetic link in the disorder and that there is a chance that manic depression can run in the family. The 1960’s saw many cases of people with the disorder that were being institutionalize and were barely helped because Congress refused to treat manic depression as an actual illness. The 1970’s saw laws and standards...
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...Bipolar Disorder Pamela Anderson Rasmussen College Author’s Note This assignment is being submitted on 02-16-14 for Jennifer Carlstrom HS 280 Abnormal Psychology course. Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder resembles a person taking a ride on a roller coaster with many ups and downs in their moods. A person with Bipolar disorder is characterized with having a tendency to fluctuate between manic and depressive episodes. This paper will define each type of bipolar disorder, will show the main difference between each type and will explain how the fluctuation between manic and depressive episodes play a part in distinguishing between both types of bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is classified into two types, bipolar I and bipolar II disorders. Bipolar I disorder has the following diagnostic criteria: “A presence or history of one or more major depressive episodes, a presence or history of at least one hypomanic episode, there has never been a manic episode or mixed episode, the mood symptoms from A and B are not better accounted for by schizoaffective disorder and are not superimposed on schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified, the symptoms causing clinically significant distress or impairment in; social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning” (Barlow & Durand, 2012, p.221). “Bipolar II has these same criteria except the individual experiences a full manic episode” (Barlow &...
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...Bipolar Disorder Introduction Also known as manic-depressive disorders, bipolar disorder is defined as a psychological state in which a person experiences a mood disorder causing radical alterations in their moods which can vary from manic highs to depressive lows. Elevated levels of either manic and depression are some of the common experiences that are encountered by a person suffering from this order. During the course of this discussion we will look at some of the key aspects that influence the occurrence, causes, signs and symptoms and treatment of this disease. The term "bipolar disorders" already shows that it is not this is a common disease. The disease may be individually very different and take different courses. Always, however, the disease is usually in stages or episodes in which a certain mood prevails. There are two different episodes of illness, the manic episode or depressive episode and the high point or low phase. What is Bipolar Disorder? In the United States over two million people are diagnosed with the psychological problem of bipolar disorder. One of the major reasons behind the unprecedented rise of people suffering from the disorder is contributed by the complications that hinder correct and accurate diagnosis of the disease. It is mainly because of the delay in the diagnostic process that the number of people suffering from the disorder has increased extraordinarily...
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...Bipolar Disorders Abstract A particular celebrity has received recent media attention for his behavior. There has been much speculation as to whether his behavior could be explained by a diagnosis of bipolar. Approximately one to three percent of the world’s population has been diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. (Merikangas, ?) Americans have a higher occurrence of over four percent. (Merikangas, ?) Bipolar disorders do not discriminate between genders and is being more frequently diagnosed in children. This paper will explain what bipolar disorders are and how they affect the individual’s ability to function. Bipolar Disorders Bipolar Disorder, also known as manic -depression, causes shifts in a person’s mood, energy, perception, and ability to function in a consistent day-to-day life. If untreated, it can cause a person to lose friends, jobs, money, and, in the worst cases, their life. Fortunately, there are treatment options and ways a person with a bipolar disorder can manage their life with minimum episodes to maintain a good quality of life. There are four diagnostic bipolar disorders all differing in types, severity, and frequency of episodes. The four types of bipolar disorders are Bipolar I Disorder, Bipolar II Disorder, Cyclothymic Disorder, and Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. The disorders involve a history of Manic Episodes, Mix Episodes, or Hypomanic Episodes usually accompanied...
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...Name Course Name and Number Date Submitted Bipolar disorder Description Bipolar disorder is a major health concern that has drawn interest from the general public, media and the scientific community over the past decade. Bipolar disorder, sometimes referred to as manic-depressive illness is a neurological disorder that causes anomalous changes in energy, mood and ability to function in an individual. The disorder distorts moods and thoughts, interferes with rational thought and incites dreadful behaviors in an individual. Bipolar disorder symptoms often lead to deteriorating results at school and work, damaged relationships and sometimes suicide (Treatment Advocacy Centre 1). Bipolar patients experience moods swings ranging from the lows of depression; extreme sadness, hopelessness and loss of interest in most activities to the highs of mania when one feels full of energy and euphoric. Bipolar disorder is neither a viral, fungal, parasitic nor bacterial disease the disorder is not caused by any pathogen. The disorder is not infectious and cannot be spread from one person to another. Bipolar comordities are classified as either medical or psychiatric. Some of the common comordities of bipolar disorder include Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Anxiety disorders, substance disorder, obesity and metabolic syndrome (Furham and Anthony 254). Epidemiology National Institute of Mental Health (1) estimates that Bipolar disorder affects 5.7 million American adults; this...
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...Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness is a disorder in the brain that is characterized by bizarre changes in mood. Individuals with bipolar disorder experience shifts from depression to mania (an energetic mood). According to “Healthline” (2005-2013), “little new was discovered about bipolar disorder until French psychiatrist Jean-Pierre Falret published an article in 1851 describing what he called “la folie circulaire,” which translates to circular insanity. The article details patients switching through severe depression and manic excitement, and is considered the first documented diagnosis of bipolar disorder.” There are many myths and misconceptions associated with bipolar disorder, but one common misconception is that bipolar disorder is just another name for mood swings. Before lithium, past treatments for bipolar disorder have included: bleeding and induced vomiting to release black bile, prayer and sacrifice, soaking in mineral water, morphine and other medications, institutionalization and sterilization. The signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder have a wide range from an overly joyful mood (mania) to an extremely sad mood (depressive). Myths, Misconceptions, and Past Treatments Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness that comes with a stigma. There are many myths and misconceptions about bipolar disorder that continue to misinform and contribute to the stigma. It is a false but widely held belief...
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...Bipolar Disorder Introduction Bipolar disorder is a serious mental disorder. People who have bipolar disorder feel very happy and energized some days, and very sad and depressed on other days. Abnormal and risky behaviors caused by mood swings can cause people affected by bipolar disorder to lose jobs, friends and money. It can also lead to substance abuse and addiction. In some cases, it may lead to suicide. It is estimated that up to 2% of the population may have bipolar disorder. If not treated, bipolar disorder keeps getting worse as the mood shift becomes frequent and more severe. If treated, it can be managed and people can lead successful lives. This reference summary explains bipolar disorder. It discusses its symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment options. Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is a serious brain disorder. People with bipolar disorder go through unusual mood changes from very happy to very sad and depressed. Bipolar disorder is also called manic-depressive illness. It is normal for people to experience some emotional ups and downs from time to time. But for people with bipolar disorder, the mood swings are much more powerful than the normal ups and downs everyone has. When people with bipolar disorder feel very happy and up, they are also much more active than usual. This is called mania. This document is for informational purposes and is not intended to be a substitute for the advice of a doctor or healthcare professional or...
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...Bipolar disorder or bipolar affective disorder, historically known as manic-depressive disorder, is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes a category of mood disorders defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated energy levels, cognition, and mood with or without one or more depressive episodes. The elevated moods are clinically referred to as mania or, if milder, hypomania. Individuals who experience manic episodes also commonly experience depressive episodes, or symptoms, or a mixed state in which features of both mania and depression are present at the same time.[1] These events are usually separated by periods of "normal" mood; but, in some individuals, depression and mania may rapidly alternate, which is known as rapid cycling. Severe manic episodes can sometimes lead to such psychotic symptoms as delusions and hallucinations. The disorder has been subdivided into bipolar I, bipolar II, cyclothymia, and other types, based on the nature and severity of mood episodes experienced; the range is often described as the bipolar spectrum. Estimates of the lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder vary, with studies typically giving values of the order of 1%, with higher figures given in studies with looser definitions of the condition.[2] The onset of full symptoms generally occurs in late adolescence or young adulthood. Diagnosis is based on the person's self-reported experiences, as well as observed behavior. Episodes of abnormality are associated with...
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...The phenomenon of bipolar affective disorder has been a mystery since the 16th century. History has shown that this affliction can appear in almost anyone. Even the great painter Vincent Van Gogh is believed to have had bipolar disorder. It is clear that in our society many people live with bipolar disorder; however, despite the abundance of people suffering from the it, we are still waiting for definite explanations for the causes and cure. The one fact of which we are painfully aware is that bipolar disorder severely undermines its" victims ability to obtain and maintain social and occupational success. Because bipolar disorder has such debilitating symptoms, it is imperative that we remain vigilant in the quest for explanations of its causes and treatment. Affective disorders are characterized by a smorgasbord of symptoms that can be broken into manic and depressive episodes. The depressive episodes are characterized by intense feelings of sadness and despair that can become feelings of hopelessness and helplessness. Some of the symptoms of a depressive episode include anhedonia, disturbances in sleep and appetite, psycomoter retardation, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, difficulty thinking, indecision, and recurrent thoughts of death and suicide (Hollandsworth, Jr. 1990 ). The manic episodes are characterized by elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, poor judgment and insight, and often ...
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