...certain attention to the battle between the Monitor and the Merrimac. Neither the North nor the South was prepared for Naval activities at the beginning of the war. To better prepare the Navy for war, three new designs were put into action for future ships. The most successful of these designs was the Monitor. The South was at a disadvantage to the North throughout the war. The South was lacking manpower during the war, since most of the seamen in the US Navy were from the North and therefore stayed with the Union when the southern states seceded. The South was also found disadvantaged for iron plates for ship armor, since there was only one establishment in the South capable of producing them. The South, knowing their disadvantage in numbers, made the call for commerce raiding of northern ships. The southern government encouraged privateering of northern ships. This privateering would help take the burden of building up the Navy off the government, since privately owned ships and sailors would be assisting the Confederate war goals. The response of the North was the blockade on the southern states. This dealt a similar blow to the South that privateering would cause to the North: the loss of supplies. Since the South was a primarily agricultural area, they had few factories to produce war supplies. The goal of the blockade was to cut any supplies and allow the underdeveloped southern states to run out of war goods. Fortunately for the Confederacy, their...
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...the hands of Truman, who was sworn in only hours after learning of Roosevelt’s passing. Truman, who “would never have reached the presidency had Roosevelt not plucked him from the senate to be his vice- presidential running mate…and then died” (Gaddis 55), was left behind with a heavy weight on his shoulders and little knowledge about foreign policy. This left him facing difficult decisions. Perhaps the most controversial decision he made was to drop two atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, in Japan on August 14, 1945. This action successfully ended World War II, however the downfall was the eruption of a new conflict beginning two years later between the United States and the Soviet Union; the Cold War. Truman had no regrets following the bombing, “He claimed, for the rest of his life, to have lost no sleep over his decision” (Gaddis...
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...Moonshine in Appalachia: A Constant Thread in the Tapestry of Mountain Life My sister recently shared with me a little known fact of our grandparents’ lives in Kentucky as young parents. They were involved in the illegal manufacture and sale of alcoholic spirits, also known as moonshining (Brown). Having known our grandparents to be very peaceful, law abiding citizens in their elder years, I find this revelation of illegal activity oddly fascinating. I want to understand how and why our grandparents got involved in moonshining which is a key element of our family’s heritage as Scottish immigrants to the United States. The production of illicit whiskey has been an integral part of American history since the early days of our country. Stiff taxation of alcohol and ingredients for the manufacture of alcohol by the British government angered colonists who were seeking economic freedom (Carr 16). Having then gained their freedom from taxation without representation from the British government, US citizens were furious when the fledging government imposed a tax on home distilled spirits (Carr 20, Abramson and Haskell 413). This began a long term battle between the United States government and her citizens over the manufacture, transportation and sale of alcohol (Carr 20). In order to understand how my grandparents came to be involved in this battle over the home production of liquor, we must examine the history, culture and economy of Appalachia as it pertains to moonshine. Some...
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...The Cuban Missile Crisis The world was at the edge of a third world war. This was the result of a variety of things: the Cuban Revolution, the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion, US anti-communism, insecurity of the Soviet Union, and Cuba's fear of invasion all made causes for war. However, war was not the result due to great cooperation from both President Kennedy and President Khrushchev and each of the decisions made by the leaders was crucial in the outcome of The Crisis. Kennedy's choice to take action by means of quarantine instead of air-strike and Khrushchev's decision to abide by the quarantines were perhaps the two most significant decisions made by the leaders in order to prevent war. The Cuban Missile Crisis showed the world that compromising and discussion can in-fact prevent war. As Khrushchev said in 1962, "They talk about who won and who lost. Human reason won. Mankind won." 1 The world had almost seen another world war, the effects of which would have been devastating because of the weapons involved. Humanity, indeed, was the prevention of the war. The Cuban Revolution was a background cause to the crisis. On January 1st, 1959 a Marxist regime in Cuba would have seemed unlikely. To the communist party in Cuba, Fidel Castro appeared tempestuous, irresponsible and stubbornly bourgeois. In 1943 President Batista appointed a communist to his Cabinet, as he used communists as leaders of the labor unions. Batista started to fail the Cuban communists and their...
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...Running head: AMERICAN HISTORY American foreign policy Name: Institution: Course: Tutor: Date: The foreign policy of the United States has been a key determinant of the form of relationship between this country and other nations across the world. The foreign policy also sets platform for interaction for the organizations of this country and its people with the international community. The key objectives of the United States foreign policy have been to establish and also sustain a democratic, secure as well as successful world for the benefit of the international community and to a great extent the American people. It has been a key player in the setting up measures to facilitate commercial interaction with the international community and to protect American business abroad (Wiener, 2012). The other key issues that are largely guided by the foreign policy are the protection of American people in foreign soils, expatriation, and international education. Nevertheless, the U.S foreign policy has been a subject of heated controversy for decades now. The U.S foreign policy has taken numerous approaches to major issues across the world especially the ones that have the capacity to directly impact on its people. After the American Revolution, America is believed to have employed a non-intervention approach to global issues. This implies that America did not involve its forces in issues affecting the international community. Historical review reveals that the First World...
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...states and the five slaveholding border states and was led by Abraham Lincoln and the Republican Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery into territories owned by the United States. Republican victory in the presidential election of 1860 led seven Southern states to declare their secession from the Union even before Lincoln took office.[1] The Union rejected secession, regarding it as rebellion. Hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked a U.S. military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Lincoln responded by calling for a large volunteer army, then four more Southern states declared their secession. In the war's first year, the Union assumed control of the border states and established a naval blockade as both sides massed armies and resources. In 1862, battles such as Shiloh and Antietam caused massive casualties unprecedented in U.S. military history. In September 1862, Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery in the South a war goal, which complicated the Confederacy's manpower shortages. In the East, Confederate commander Robert E. Lee won a series of victories over Union armies, but Lee's reverse at Gettysburg in early July, 1863 proved the turning point. The capture of Vicksburg and Port Hudson by Ulysses S. Grant completed Union control of the Mississippi River. Grant fought bloody battles of attrition with Lee in 1864, forcing Lee to defend the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. Union general William...
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...TOPIC 1: THE AMERINDIANS Week 1: THE ARAWAKS (Theme One) PAPER: CORE CONTENT----BAHAMIAN-WEST INDIAN HISTORY References: Bahamian History Bk.I by Bain, G. Macmillan,1983 2.Caribbean story Bk. I and II By Claypole, W Longman (new edition) 1987 3. Development to Decolonization by Greenwood R, Macmillan, 1987 4.Caribbean people Bk.I by Lennox Honeychurch. Nelson, 1979 The Migration of the Indians to the New World. It is believed that the people who Columbus saw when he came to the New World were nomadic hunters from central and East Asia who followed the buffalo and deer. When the herds moved, people moved after them because they were dependent on the animals for food. It is therefore suspected that the herds led the people out of Asia by the north-east, across the Bering Strait and into North America. They crossed the sea by an ice –bridge when it was frozen over during the last Ice-Age. They did not know that they were crossing water from one continent to another. Map 1 Amerindians migration from central Asia into North America. The Amerindians settled throughout North America and were the ancestors of the many Red Indian tribes we know today, as well as the Eskimos in the far north. In general, they were nomadic but some followed settled agricultural pursuits and developed civilizations of their own like the Mayas in South America (check internet reference for profile on this group, focus on...
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...The Cold War Overview * Arms Race * Communism * Glossary and Terms * Space RaceMajor Events * Berlin Airlift * Suez Crisis * Red Scare * Berlin Wall * Bay of Pigs * Cuban Missile Crisis * Collapse of the Soviet UnionWars * Korean War * Vietnam War * Chinese Civil War * Yom Kippur War * Soviet Afghanistan War | People of the Cold War Western Leaders * Harry Truman (US) * Dwight Eisenhower (US) * John F. Kennedy (US) * Lyndon B. Johnson (US) * Richard Nixon (US) * Ronald Reagan (US) * Margaret Thatcher (UK)Communist Leaders * Joseph Stalin (USSR) * Leonid Brezhnev (USSR) * Mikhail Gorbachev (USSR) * Mao Zedong (China) * Fidel Castro (Cuba) | http://www.ducksters.com/history/cold_war/summary.php The Cold War Communism Communism is a type of government and philosophy. Its goal is to form a society where everything is shared equally. All people are treated equally and there is little private ownership. In a communist government, the government owns and controls most everything including property, means of production, education, transportation, and agriculture. History of Communism Karl Marx is considered the Father of Communism. Marx was a German philosopher and economist who wrote about his ideas in a book called the Communist Manifesto in 1848. His communist theories have also become known as Marxism. Marx described ten important aspects of a communist government: * No private property * A single central bank...
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...To what extent did the creation of the Empire in 1804 mark a significant change in Napoleon’s rule of France? The empire was created in 1804 where Napoleon was crowned the hereditary emperor of France by the Pope. His empire consisted of the pays réunis; land ruled by France and the pays conquis, which were satellite states ruled by the French that bordered France and gave them protection and safety from invasion. Despite becoming emperor in 1804, Napoleon already had a lot of power with his role of first consul. He was the head of state and had control over France, Napoleon was able to control government appointments and appoint who he wished into the Senate which would provide him with more power as he was able to bribe the Senate as they were mostly made up of his own nominees whose support he could guarantee. To a lesser extent the creation of the Empire did not mark a significant change in Napoleon’s rule of France, although he was crowned Emperor and given more power his rule of France had been a dictatorship before this. Napoleon created the Imperial Nobility in 1808 to provide titles and honours to those in the military. As well as receiving title, a large sum of money was also provided to ensure their support for Napoleon. This was a form of bribery to have the richer upper class supporting Napoleon. However the Legion of Honour had been established in 1802 which although was created to favour property owners it also used bribery in the form of money and gifts to...
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...and a different way of running things. All of the decisions they make in office impact everyone. After the president leaves office, they leave a legacy behind. This legacy could either be satisfactory or unsatisfactory, depending on what they did while in office. Three presidents that left a big legacy on America are Ronald Reagan, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt and each of them impacted, either good or bad, the country in some way. While each left a legacy, one president's legacy was more impactful, in a helpful way, to America’s development and growth. Before Ronald Reagan came into office in 1980, there was a major recession in the late 1970’s. This means that there was a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity were reduced. Reagan’s promise to the people was that he was going to restore the economy, but everyone's question was how he planned to do that. His plan was to provide tax breaks to the very wealthy people. The idea was that if the wealthy class had more money, they could provide more jobs and the money would make its way down to the other classes, this was called trickle down economics (Corvo, Lecture). Reagan’s...
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...Assess critically three causes of the outbreak of the First World War 1914-1918. There were certain events leading up to the outbreak of the first World War , in late July of 1914. For decades different historians have researched and presented what they believe and suggest to be the causes of this war that drastically changed Europe. In this essay, i intend to discuss and assess three longterm causes and to what extent the system of alliances, militarism and imperial rivalry contributed to the development of the crisis of 1914 and consequently the war. Europe was split into two rival alliance groups, connected by a secondary set of treaties and agreements to countries spread out around the globe. A number of alliances had been signed between countries between the years of 1879 and 1914. The division of the principal nations of Europe into two camps, did not necessarily make for war. It only made it inevitable that any conflict involving two great powers would bring general war. This system has often been justified as being necessary to maintain the balance of power and thus initiate peace amongst nations. This unfortunately was not the case as the Alliance System was based on secret diplomacy, mutual suspicion and fear were created among the powers. In 1905, for example, William II provoked the First Moroccan Crisis in order to see whether or not the Entente Cordiale really existed. Secondly, the Alliance System promoted armament races, too. Anglo-French military cooperation...
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...Running Head: Severe Body Burns How Severe Burns Affect the Muscular, Integumentary, and Nervous Systems December 15, 2009 Severe Body Burns The purpose of this paper is to review the possible damage and some of the treatments available for muscular, integumentary, and nervous system after patients have received severe burns to their body. Over 2 million people are badly burned every year, with fire accounting for one fourth of the burns (Cakir & Yegen, 2004). While the muscular, integumentary, and nervous systems are three separate systems they rely on one another and other system of the body to maintain homeostasis in the body. The nervous system uses nerve impulses to communicate and control body functions. The nervous system sends a nervous impulse which the muscular system responds to by contracting a muscle to produce movement or generate heat to maintain the core body temperature (Thibodeau & Patton, 2008). The integumentary system protects all of the underlying systems, but also allows the body to respond to stimuli such as nerve impulses sent from the nervous system. While other systems of the body are also affected by a severe burn, this paper will focus primarily on the muscular, integumentary, and nervous systems. The muscular systems primary functions are to produce movement, maintain posture, and generate heat the body needs to maintain its core temperature (Thibdeau & Patton, 2008). When a serious burn...
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...Before the outbreak of war in April 1861, the American republic had survived diplomatic and military crises and internal stresses. It weathered tensions with France in the late 1790s, a second war with Britain in 1812–1815, and disputes regarding international boundaries. Political wrangling over economic issues such as the tariff, a national bank, and government-supported public works (called internal improvements in the nineteenth century) proved divisive but posed no serious threat to the integrity of the Union. Despite fissures along ethnic and class lines, the majority of Americans had much in common. They were white, Christian, spoke English, and shared a heritage forged in the crucible of the Revolutionary War. Questions relating to the institution of slavery set the stage for secession and war. Most men and women at the time would have agreed with Abraham Lincoln’s assertion in his Second Inaugural Address that slavery “was, somehow, the cause of the war.” Alexander H. Stephens, the Confederacy’s vice president, minced no words when he proclaimed in March 1861 that slavery “was the immediate cause of the late rupture and the present revolution” to establish southern independence.[1] The framers of the United States Constitution had compromised regarding slavery, creating a democratic republic that sought to ensure its citizenry’s freedoms while also reassuring the South that individual states would have the power to maintain and regulate slavery within their boundaries...
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...5/8/2014 Israeli–Palestinian conflict - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Israeli–Palestinian conflict From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Israeli–Palestinian conflict (Arabic: اﻟﻨﺰاع اﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﯿﻨﻲ - اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﯿﻠﻲ al-Niza'a al'Filastini al 'Israili; Hebrew: הסכסוך הישראלי-פלסטיני Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'YisraeliFalestini) is the ongoing struggle between Israelis and Palestinians that began in the mid-20th century.[1] The conflict is wide-ranging, and the term is sometimes also used in reference to the earlier sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine, between the Zionist yishuv and the Arab population under British rule. The Israeli–Palestinian conflict has formed the core part of the wider Arab–Israeli conflict. It has widely been referred to as the world's "most intractable conflict".[3][4][5] Despite a long-term peace process and the general reconciliation of Israel with Egypt and Jordan, Israelis and Palestinians have failed to reach a final peace agreement. The remaining key issues are: mutual recognition, borders, security, water rights, control of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements,[6] Palestinian freedom of movement,[7] and resolving Palestinian claims of a right of return for their refugees. The violence of the conflict, in a region rich in sites of historic, cultural and religious interest worldwide, has been the object of numerous international conferences dealing with historic rights, security issues and human rights, and has been a factor hampering tourism in and...
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...rights reserved. Readers have my permission to use and distribute for non-profit and educational purposes. Critique of Nonviolent Politics 2 Preface (2002) Critique of Nonviolent Politics may be the only comprehensive critique of nonviolent theory that has been written. I wrote it between 1980 and 1984, while living in Berkeley, California. Since 1977, I had been active in the movement against nuclear power and weapons which, in California, focused its protests at the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant near San Luis Obispo, and at the University of California's Lawrence Livermore Labs where nuclear weapons are designed. Nonviolence was the prevailing political theory in the movement, especially in the "direct action" wing which organized mass blockades and occupations at nuclear facilities. Nonviolence informed our tactics and strategies, our group processes, and our general ethos and outlook. As I engaged in the movement, I was drawn to nonviolent theory and became an avid...
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