Grandmother story
Able to give symbolism through death of animals
Puts you in the scenery
Brings in the idea of freedom and nature
How seriously it affects the nature close to it
It detracts from the beauty of nature
Makes you feel anger at ruining the scene of happiness
Examples: Flying shows symbolism for freedom, the smell and sound disrupts the beauty of the world around them (also symbolism for what farming is doing to rural areas), shows death of animals which provides example of destruction. When they are rowing it gives background into how she is as a person which makes the reader more interested in what happens to her and her story, talks of noise the engines give off, old woman feels weak afterward because the actions done for “nature” damage the human condition

the fantasy of clipart gives statistics gives specific examples shows what it does to the environment can give a broader view of the problem than one fictional perspective can
• EX: speaking of the CAFO and its byproducts,
• telling how lagoons are usually positioned away from roads to maintain public image( closer to nature),
• how farming has changed from natural to unnatural because of profits,
• rich CAFO has spring in front with really nice drive while putting a lagoon in the back as a result of their interest of profit over environment.
• 140 discharge events between 2000 and 2006.
• One CAFO operator needed a permit from the township for a background swimming pool; he didn’t need a permit from anybody to construct his 1.25 million gallon waste pit.
• Both Bush and Gore called farmers the true conservationists.
• Around a CAFO, however, nuisance is a mild word for the intense stench, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, fecal dust and particulates, all night floodlighting, manure sprayed on soil, and manure sprayed on snow. Rural neighbors often have to live with worse than any city conditions of air and water pollution.
• She throws in the idea of “preserved land” which can be used for industrial buildings and waste pits.
• Liquefied manure stinks. It is not the sweet smell of old time manure, mixed with straw, composting into soil. Liquid manure steeps for months in the pits; it is potent with pathogens, hormones, antibiotics. Sprayed onto fields, it can flow on tip of the ground, or seep through the soil with its contaminants, entering field drainage tiles and streams.
• CAFO has 700 or more confined cows.
• Generally Accepted Agricultural Management Practices are voluntary “guidelines.” They’re “recommended”.
• Story of tree upheaval.

Prompts

1. Compare one of Kauffman’s significant short stories with one of her thematically similar essays. See how the same themes are treated differently or similarly as she treats in each in a different mode. What does fiction allow her to do that non-fiction does not? What does non-fiction allow her to do what fiction does not? Together, do they complement each other to create a more complete impression on the reader? For your theme, which piece is more effective and why?
She uses her fiction to show examples of how industrial farming affects real life people. By using imagery such as describing the beauty of the landscape, her feeling of freedom in the area, and how easy going the mood was before finding the manure lagoon, Kouffman can give the reader perspective into what the problem is and its effects. Without fiction the reader won’t care as much about the topic because fiction draws the reader into the story, and the problem, through character development and imagery.
Non-fiction, on the other hand, gives the reader all the facts and examples that one fictional perspective simply cannot. By creating a non-fiction section Kouffman can give details ranging from who is doing the industrial farming, why they are doing it, what they are doing, and why it needs to be changed. All these things are important. Show examples.
Thesis: While both fiction and nonfiction have their specific purposes in describing the problems of industrial farming, nonfiction provides a broader basis for briefing the reader and more adequately addresses different factors regarding industrial farming than Kouffman’s fiction does.