...The Horrors of Boko Haram When people hear the word terrorism, fear becomes a primary emotion. There are many different kinds of terrorism that can occur. There are also many different kinds of groups that can use terrorism to influence others or get the results they seek. But to the person or group committing terrorism it isn’t terrorism in their eyes. In their eyes, it becomes a type of political or social protest. This is key in understanding the Boko Haram simply because they truly believed what they were doing was right and by doing the heinous activities they would get their point across. It is also important to see what theoretical perspectives the Boko Haram ties into and lastly how globalization and the global village fall into it as well. The Boko Haram is a Nigeria radical Islamist group that has caused numerous havoc throughout Africa. The groups official name is Jama’atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda’awati wal-Jihad, which means “People Committed to the Propagation of the Prophet’s Teachings.” Boko Haram was founded in 2002 by Mohammed Yusuf. The group was taken over by Abubakar Shekau when Yusuf was killed in 2009. Boko Haram promotes a “version of Islam which makes it "haram", or forbidden, for Muslims to take part in any political or social activity associated with Western society” (BBC News). This included voting in elections, wearing shirts and trousers or receiving a secular education. A main goal that the group pushed to achieve was to create an Islamic...
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...Nigeria: Boko Haram’s insurgency Standard Note: Last updated: Author: Section SN06920 19 June 2014 Jon Lunn International Affairs and Defence Section In the northeast of Nigeria, an Islamist terrorist insurgency continues to rage. This insurgency is now regularly extending into other parts of the country. At the head of the insurgency is Boko Haram, which calls for the introduction of Sharia law and an Islamic state across the whole of Nigeria. There has been a state of emergency in the three northeastern states of Borno, Yobe and Adamawa since mid-2013. Human rights groups have reported serious abuses by Boko Haram but also by the notorious Nigerian security unit known as the Joint Task Force. The government has been predominantly committed to a security-based solution to the problem. In recent months, Boko Haram has further stepped up its violence. How to respond now dominates the domestic political scene in Nigeria. There were major bomb attacks in the capital, Abuja, in both April and May. Boko Haram has also captured international attention through its kidnapping on 14 April of about 270 schoolgirls in the small town of Chibok, Borno State (around 50 reportedly subsequently escaped). Well over 2000 people are estimated to have died in attacks by the group since the beginning of 2014. The Nigerian authorities have been heavily criticised both at home and abroad for their ineffective response to the crisis. Outrage in Western countries led governments rapidly to make offers...
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...all. When things change, adaptation plays a big role as individuals have to live their lives to different aspects. Nigeria is one of those countries that was unprepared for what was coming. A terrorist organization called Boko Haram has taken lives and corrupted Nigeria’s society Boko Haram had first started in Nigeria, but has quickly moved and become Cameroon’s problem as well. Boko Haram is the nickname given to the Group of the People of Sunnah for Preaching and Jihad (Schneider). The founder of this group is Mohammed Yusuf, a Salafi Literalist Preacher that created in an islamic sect in 2002 (Schneider). He eventually got murder and in 2010, Abubakar Shekau took his place for leadership. At first Boko Haram attacked police and prisons, but also robbed banks as well. However in 2011- 2012, this organization became more indiscriminate in its violence with a spate of bombings (Schneider). Boko Haram has also been involved in many kidnappings as they spreaded around the borders of Chad, Cameroon, and Nigeria. As the attacks and kidnapping got worse, it was bound to happen that this issue would like go national. The most high profile act was done in 2014, where they kidnapped the traditional ruler of Cameroonian Town (Schneider). The battle with Boko Haram has been steady, but the war isn’t going to end any time soon. They need more government help, economic development, advanced technology, and more time to prepare. There are many theoretical perspectives that could related...
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...Boko Haram in Nigeria Name School Boko Haram in Nigeria Following the September 11, 2001, attack in the United States of America, terrorism took a new dimension, not just in the country, but across the globe. The scale of terrorism spread to other regions, with terror groups increasing their diverse agendas. In addition to this increment, the need to develop new counter-terror campaigns became inevitable. Terrorism is an act of spreading brutality against the civilians with the aim of realizing political or aggressive goals. In the recent past, major continents have been terror victims, driven by different armed groups with various agendas. Defining terrorism is sometimes tricky. This is because they can be seen as freedom fighters to the natives but to the government or civilians, they are terrorists. More often than not, terrorists are driven by hatred that is passed through generations. What aspired towards the September attack towards the United States of America was perceived animosity between the Muslims in the Middle East and the Americans. In fact, the majority of the causalities were the Americans, while the terrorist were affiliated with al Qaeda. As mentioned earlier, what started as hatred against the Americans turned out to be a global catastrophe. The Western part of Africa is no exception, particularly in Nigeria. In the past decade, al Qaeda-affiliated group commonly referred to as the Boko Haram has been on the rampage in Nigeria. Boko Haram is drawn from...
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...outcome of Boko Haram approximately 14 years after its creation A. Boko Haram’s attacks through different means of action The outcome of the group’s victims is enormous. 13, 000 deaths since 2009 and 1.5 million displaced. Despite the use of suicide bombings, Boko Haram is an expert of kidnappings, human trafficking, and thefts. According to a report released in October 2014 by the NGO “Human Rights Watch”, over 592 people have been kidnapped during this year. Its members melt with civilians in places like big markets. Some are perpetrated by young women wearing long veils which allow to hide explosives. If we look at the past few years, one attack has been conducted abroad. It was “the February 2013 kidnapping of a French family...
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...Hauwa Mutah and 200 little girls were kidnapped from their school in Chibok which is in Borno State. Hauwa Mutah was kidnapped from her school by Boko Haram, a terrorist group in Nigeria. Boko Haram means that "Western" or "non-Islamic" education is a sin. I see this torn up shirt and it makes me think of how that little girl was having an ordinary school day and now she and the other girls are being deprived of their education. There is no way of knowing the season...
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...various assignments which differ by the cells specialty and location in which they operate. Boko Haram is believed to have a few hundred active fighters among their various cells and the Shuar Council members are in charge of the operations. (Counter Extremism Project, n.d.). These cells vary from those who are involved in fighting, explosives, reconnaissance missions, social service agencies, and medical treatment (Counter Extremism Project, n.d.). In addition, the group has thousands of individuals in the country who are sympathetic to their cause. (Counter Extremism Project, n.d.)....
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...While the economic situation is Borno State plays a role in the continued presence of the insurgency, it is not the only or even one of the most important reasons for Boko Haram’s existence. The insurgency exists because of a perfect storm of political, economic, geographic, social and environmental factors. I will be so bold as to say that the spark that caused the insurgency to start in Borno State was the political one. I will discuss the political reasons in this post- if you think I have something to contribute to this conversation, I will put forward my opinions on the other factors. This will be a long post, so please bear with me. I will take each of the causes one by one, but I must state that I am just a moderately politically aware Nigerian from the southwestern part of the country. This is just my opinion- take it for what it is. Political Right now, the current president of Nigeria- President Goodluck Jonathan is from Bayelsa State in the far-south and oil rich Niger Delta. H is the first person from that area to hold that position as power has traditionally stayed with the Northeastern, Northwestern and Southwestern regions. These regions are populated by the Hausa, Fulani, Kanuri and Yoruba ethnic groups. The oil (which is the mainstay of the Nigerian Economy and the major source of wealth for Nigeria’s corrupt elite) is all in the Niger Delta region. Over the years (since the 70’s) successive Nigerian regimes have allocated oil blocs and oil wells to...
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...THE fundamentalist Islamic sect, Jama’atu Ahlissunnah Lidda’awati Wal-Jihad, otherwise known as Boko Haram, on Tuesday in a statement claimed responsibility for the mass killings in Plateau State at the weekend. More than 100 persons were reportedly killed in attacks on three communities in the Barkin Ladi and Riyom local government areas of the state on Saturday and Sunday. The sect “thanked God for the success of the attacks” and vowed that there was no going back on the jihad (Holy War) it had launched against Christians and the government. It also asked “Christians in Nigeria to accept Islam” as a condition for a ceasefire. It described as a “new lie” claims by the new National Security Adviser, Sambo Dasuki, that he has an access for a dialogue with its leaders. The statement Full (and unedited) text of the Boko Haram statement, issued by its famous spokesman, Abu Qaqa, and posted on SaharaReporters on Tuesday, reads, “The Jama’atu Ahlissunnah Lidda’awati Wal-Jihad, is grateful to Almighty God and hereby makes it known to the world of our success and attack on Barkin Ladi and Riyom in Plateau State on Christians, security agencies and members of National Assembly. “Like we said earlier, Christians in Nigeria should accept Islam, that is true religion, or they will never have peace. We do not regard them as trusted Christians as some illiterates are campaigning because it was Christians that first declared war on Muslims with the support of government. “Like...
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...Effect of Changes Toward the Worker of DKM Masjid Raya Bandung Regarding the Increased Crowd of Alun-alun Bandung Abi Dzarr Alghifari Wijanarko 19012194 School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung 2015 Abstract The development of alun-alun Bandung or the city square has attract many crowds to visit the new recreational public space. However the crowd affect the religious activity on the Masjid Raya Bandung the mosque that located exactly beside the square. The worker of DKM Masjid Raya Bandung, an organization responsible for the operational activity of the mosque, might be affected because the visitor af alun-alun started to use the mosque as other activity than prayer. Using anthropological approach, this research use interviews on the worker and participant observation to know the effect of the change happened towards the worker of the mosque. The findings show that altough there are some problems affect the routine of the worker, the worker feels a lot of more positive effect with the mosque is now having more prayer and having richer religious activity. The discourse of the worker also show that the values, beliefs, and knowledge of the worker shape their perception towards the change. Keywords: Change, Organization, Islam, Religious, Values, Discourse 1 Table of Contents Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................
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...http://nyti.ms/1S53E59 AFRICA Boko Haram Ranked Ahead of ISIS for Deadliest Terror Group By DIONNE SEARCEY and MARC SANTORA NOV. 18, 2015 DAKAR, Senegal — As much of the world remains focused on the Islamic State and its horrific attacks in Paris, another radical band of extremists has, by one account, captured the infamous title of the world’s deadliest terrorist group: Boko Haram. Boko Haram, the militant group that has tortured Nigeria and its neighbors for years, was responsible for 6,664 deaths last year, more than any other terrorist group in the world, including the Islamic State, which killed 6,073 people in 2014, according to a report released Wednesday tracking terrorist attacks globally. The death toll in Nigeria mounted on Wednesday, with a bombing in Kano State in northern Nigeria, not even a full day after Boko Haram was suspected in an explosion that killed and injured dozens in another nearby region. In Kano, the authorities said that two female suicide bombers detonated vests at a cellphone market at about 4 p.m., killing at least 12 people and wounding dozens. Witnesses and Red Cross officials said that as many as 50 or 60 people died, though the number could not be independently confirmed. Officials accused Boko Haram in the attacks. In a statement Wednesday, President Muhammadu Buhari called for Nigerians to stay vigilant, saying that even his recently intensified military operation against Boko Haram could not prevent every attack. “President Buhari reassures...
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...Geography Tebbets 11-14-12 Bibliography Gambo, Hauwa. ” We won’t negotiate under Boko Haram’s conditions –Presidency”, November 5, 2012 8:33 am, http://www.ynaija.com/we-wont-negotiate-under-boko-harams-conditions-presidency/ Euronews, “Nigeria: Boko Haram call for peace with conditions”, council on foreign relations, 04/11 11:03 CET, http://www.euronews.com/2012/11/04/nigeria-boko-haram-call-for-peace-with-conditions/ Campbell , John. ” Boko Haram Offers Cease Fire Opportunity?” November 2, 2012 http://blogs.cfr.org/campbell/2012/11/02/boko-haram-offers-cease-fire-opportunity/ This day live(No author). “FG/Boko Haram: A New Peace Deal?” Nov, 11, 12 http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/fg-boko-haram-a-new-peace-deal-/130283/ Walker, Andrew. “What Is Boko Haram?” May 2012, United States Institute of Peace, http://www.usip.org/publications/what-boko-haram ATTAH , GODWIN. GAMBRELL , JON. “7 killed, 100 wounded in Nigeria church bombing“ Seattle Times, Sunday, October 28, 2012 at 5:28 AM , http://seattletimes.com/html/nationworld/2019543375_apafnigeriaviolence.html Wikipedia, ” Religion in Nigeria”, 20 September 2012 at 01:10, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Nigeria Smock , David. Hayward , Susan. Huda, Qamar-ul. ” Religion and Peacebuilding” 2012 http://www.buildingpeace.org/think-global-conflict/issues/religion-and-peacebuilding Agande, Ben. Binniyat, Luka. Ovuakporie, Emma. And Akinboade, Laide. “Nigeria: Suicide Bomber Hits...
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...who cause mayhem and terror have their reasons why they conduct such behavior. From radical political parties trying to start a new world that fits their insane and out of pocket eyes. To terror organizations fighting to wipe clean of a certain minority group from the world. We live in a world that has many wealthy, prestige, and frightening terrorist organizations all around us. Yet, which organization is the most hair-raising and spine-tingling of all? In order to understand which terrorist organization is the most threatening to the rest of the world. We must analyze the two major organizations who are causing death, poverty and a world that no one wants to live in. Those organizations are ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq & Syria) and Boko Haram (Jama'atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda'Awati Wal-Jihad). ISIS emerged out of Iraq, as soon the Bush Administration had stopped the siege of Iraqi government in 2003. The reason why this terrorist organization actually thrived is because of the wrong method counter-terrorism. With the western world (states who follow a democratic...
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...ORGANIZED CRIME: CASE STUDY NIGERIA. Introduction Organized Crime can be categorized as a transnational, national or among local groupings, of enterprises or organizations highly centralized and run by criminals. They are themed by engagement of illegal activity with the purpose of making money and profit. Not all organized crime systems are monetarily motivated, some of these systems purely operate with a political purpose driving their mandate or their very existence. Terrorist organizations, for example fit this caliber. These criminal organizations force people to do business with them i.e. a gang extorting small businesses for money so as to offer them ‘protection’. ‘Organized’ would be the term to describe these syndicates for these gangs, mobs and organizations are mostly disciplined with high levels of professionalism and expertise. These systems cannot be categorized with your average crime operations. (Macionis& Gerber 2010) States, militaries, police forces and even corporations sometimes use organized crime methods to conduct their business. (Tilly, 1985) According to the UNODC (n.d.). Organized crime threatens peace and human security, violates human rights and undermines economic, social, cultural, political and civil development of societies around the world. Organized crime manifests in a variety of forms, drug trafficking, firearms, human trafficking. Every year, countless individuals lose their lives at the hands of criminals involved in organized crime...
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...AUGUSTINE COMPOSITION 2, EN142O OCTOBER 6, 2015 SRIKE AND EMPLOYERS 2 Nigeria teachers went on strike and staged rallies nationwide on Thursday in protest against the kidnapping of more than 200 schoolgirls by Islamist Boko Haram sect and killing of nearly as many teachers during its insurgency. According to the writer teacher decided to embark on strike based on the issue of kidnapped schoolgirls and the killing of teachers, I quite understand that they want to show concern and to force government to act on the issue, but considering the fact that just kidnapped are student but shouldn’t affect the nation as whole, I quite remember that during this period, Nigerian States and citizen turn to something else because students that supposed to graduate that time was denied of it because of the Strike and for that reason violence became the other of the day. Although I believe strike was the only option to draw Government attention towards such calamity and crime. Boko haram gunmen stormed a school outside the remote northeastern town of chibok on April 14, carting some 270 girls away in trucks. More than 50 have escaped but at least 200 remain in captivity, as do scores of other girl’s kidnapped previously, STRIKE AND EMPLOYERS 3 Boko Haram want to create a breakaway Islamic State in a religiously-MIXED, Muslim and Christian country of 170 million people, African most populous. Its militants have attack hundreds of schools, killing hundreds of teachers and student ...
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