...Brain Lateralization and Language Reflection By: You Know Who The brain is divided into two parts which can be described as the right and left hemisphere. Each side of the brain is responsible for various mental functions, but there are certain functions that both the right and left brain are responsible for individually. Lateralization occurs when a specific hemisphere of the brain specializes in a certain mental process. For instance, the right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for understanding emotional language content, while the left side is responsible for grammar and our vocabulary. A study conducted to determine the functional relevance of lateralization differences revealed that “subjects with weak lateralization (more bilaterality) were less affected by either left- or right-side TMS than were subjects with strong lateralization to one hemisphere. Thus in some people, language processing seems to be distributed evenly between the hemispheres, allowing for ready compensation after a unilateral lesion” (Knecht et al., 2002). Trauma to the brain can cause language disruption which is known as aphasia. One of the major types of linguistic deficits is what is known as “global aphasia” which is when an individual is able to speak very little and understand very little with long lasting language deficits (Knecht et al., 2002). This happens when major damage is done to the left hemisphere of the brain. Even though this can be the most devastating type of brain trauma...
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...Brain Lateralization and Language Reflection Paper PSY/340 9/14/15 University of Phoenix The brain is divided into two hemispheres with the corpus callosum connecting them. Each side of the brain is responsible for different functions. Most mental functions are distributed across both hemispheres, but there are explicit processes that are specialized to one hemisphere or the other. For example, both sides of the brain perform functions related to language. But in most people, grammar and vocabulary are localized to the left side of the brain, while understanding the emotional content of language is a function of the right hemisphere. Most of what we know about the organization of language functions in the adult human brain comes from the study of patients with focal brain lesions (DeVilliers, 2015). Damage to the left hemisphere is more likely to cause language disturbances, especially in right handed people (but not exclusively). The two areas of the brain that are best known for language functions are Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area. Researchers are divided as to the exact role these two areas play in language processing and production. Damage to Broca’s area causes problems with language fluency such as using shorter sentences, impaired flow of speech, poor control of rhythm and intonation (prosody), and telegraphic style with missing inflections and function words (DeVilliers, 2015). We often see rapid, yet fluent speech in damage to Wernicke’s area, but speech...
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...nidra means 'psychic sleep' i.e. sleep with full awareness. In psychology, the state achieved in yoga nidra is termed the hypnogogic state, a state between sleep and wakefulness. It takes one’s brain to the alpha state and eventually the even deeper theta wave state. Here, without effort or strain, one is able to tap into his/her own source of health, abudance , intuition, and creativity. Role of a nurse or healing practitioner during yoga nidra. The presence and voice of the healing practitioner is crucial during the therapy. Yoga Nidra is practiced in a comfortable position while lying down. The healing practitioner guides the practitioner through a series of simple instructions and breathing exercises .These include a scan of the body or visual imagery, which occupies the mind thus preventing it from getting involved in the ordinary mind-chatter that absorbs our usual consciousness. Within a short time, one becomes submerged in the alpha state, in which the brain rhythms fall into the internal silent space. Once the body is relaxed and the mind is calm, all energies become focused on the Third Eye, i.e the inner sanctuary found between the eyebrows. One is now able to simultaneously access both the intuitive and the logical left brain, and the insightful right brain. This naturally and effortlessly and naturally brings one into integration, and experience deep relaxation and still remain conscious and conscious. Historical/Cultural roots of this healing...
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...Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to review and assess the teamwork and chemistry within the newly formed Team Equity. Specific objectives of the report are to overview data gained from the various psychometric indicator tests of each member and to analyse them for any possible interpersonal conflicts which may arise during team activities and offer strong recommendations to the Human Resources Officer to alleviate those conflicts. Conflicts were found relating to how the team would progress through the needed tasks which lead to the completion of the project, differences in acquiring and sharing information, professional conduct, personality differences and differences in mindsets. Recommendations are provided in the report which are presented in order to alleviate the problems and to better the work efficiency of Team Equity of Intelligent Financial Solutions Consultants (Pvt.) Ltd. Table of Contents Contents Executive Summary 1 Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 1.1 Terms of Reference 3 1.2 Main Points 3 1.3 Personal Effectiveness 3 1.4 An overview to the Evaluation Tests 4 Psychometric Tests and Results 5 Discussion 10 Overall Analysis 12 Problems and Conflicts 13 Conclusion 14 Recommendation 15 Reference List 16 Appendix 1 17 Appendix 2 24 1. Introduction 1.1 Terms of Reference * As the Human Resource manager Mr. Ranjan Ferdinando of Intelligent Financial Solutions Consultants has requested to investigate...
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...Seven Keys to Mastering Research Papers Submitted by WWW.ASSIGNMENTPOINT.COM Research papers of any size are the bane of many students’ academic existence. They can be daunting, demanding, and stress-inducing. However, they are an important and essential element of higher learning. They both teach and test students’ ability to research, evaluate sources, think critically, organize their thoughts, and express them persuasively. And, approached the right way, they can be an extraordinarily enriching and rewarding exercise. Following are some strategies for writing better research papers, and for making the experience a more satisfying—and less agonizing—one. I will focus less on the mechanics (APA style, etc.) of writing a research paper, and more on what it takes mentally and emotionally to not only survive, but actually thrive, in the process of completing so demanding an assignment. (And let’s face it: you will have many across your academic career.) I rely here on not only what I have gleaned from over 35 years of grading university-level research papers, but also from my own ongoing research and writing. So, what works? Here are seven keys to mastering research papers: 1. There’s No Wasted Motion As I reflect back over my research career, beginning with my master’s thesis and doctoral dissertation, I am aware of having read many more books, articles, and other resources than I eventually ended up using in my final research...
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...Name: Manpreet Kaur Student id: 2145195 Course: Strategic Human Resource Management Submitted to: Nicole Parry Reading: 2 CHAPTER 1 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Ans1 The 4 initiatives required for a HR department to be strategic are: 1) Be transformational, not transactional 2) Think about your structure 3) Be credible – have educated, experienced, trained HR practitioners 4) Provide value for services CHAPTER 2 BE TRANSFORMATIONAL, NOT TRANSACTIONAL Ans1 Line department: This department is essential for the survival of the organisation. For example: In the manufacturing company, manufacturing department, finance department and the sales department are the line department and these department are essential for the existence of the organisation because manufacturing company cannot survive without these departments. As these departments manufacture the product and arrange the finance for the company and also sell the products. Staff department: In contrast, Staff departments are the department, which exists to help the line department in its activities. The staff departments are to advise, counsel and assist the line departments. Like in manufacturing company, the department, which is not manufacturing department, finance department and sales department, is a staff department. There is also one more point to contrast these department like if the company has to reduce the people or department then they would like to eliminate staff department rather than...
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...da Vinci Principles “Tutta la nostra conocenza ha le su origini nelle nostre percezioni.” Da Vinci’s quote translated to English means “all our knowledge has its origins in our perceptions.” When using the da Vinci principles to observe and monitor business it is important to understand the the basis for business thought. All business leaders use techniques to operate and innovate in their business; some following a method like ones outlined Gelb in How to Think like Leonardo di Vinci others sometimes stumble upon one by accident. When looking at decision makers processes it is always interesting to see how it occurs, often times leaders that I have worked with use da Vinci’s ideas without knowing. Many companies are moving quickly in the current business climate to keep ahead of the curve. CivicPlus, a government web development firm based in Manhattan, Kansas, is trying not only to grow at a rapid rate but also stay ahead of the ever changing web technology curve. This company was named to the Inc Magazine 500/5000 fastest growing companies and works daily to innovate and find a better way to serve clients and do business. Unknowingly CivicPlus uses many of the da Vinci principles, and we will examine ways they currently use and ways they could improve their processes based upon the principles. Before looking at how CivicPlus uses these principles to advance their business we must have a basic understanding of what the seven principles are and how they can be applied. These...
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...The Study of the Left Brain Versus the Right Brain and how This Affects Learning Elizabeth Jones College 100 American Military University Leslie Colegrove The Study of the Left Brain Versus the Right Brain and how This Affects Learning Research continues on the many studies of whether the left brain or the right brain has an impact on the way a person learns. The brain is considered to be one of the most important and complex organs in the human body. The brain is the determining factor in a person’s nature and how a person learns. Although the left and right sides of the brain process information differently, they also work hand-in-hand to process information together. Each hemisphere of a person’s brain can processes the opposite side of the body. This means that the right side of the brain has control over the left side of the body and can see what is being processed through the left eye, while the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body and can see what is being processed through the right eye. Very confusing yes, but that is how the brain works. A look into the way that the left brain and the right brain function will shed light on the impact they have on learning. Left brain learners and right brain learners are very different and prefer to learn in different styles and different environments. “The notion that our personalities, our minds, may actually reflect the workings of two usually collaborative but still separate systems—the left...
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...Discuss the differences between low and high-involment media. How would you apply the knowledge of hemispheric lateralization (split-brain theory) to the development of TV commercials and print advertisements? Split Brain Theory suggests that the left brain is responsible for cognitive activities such as reading, speaking, and processing verbal information. The right brain processes non verbal and pictorial information and forms holistic images. Since TV is primarily a pictorial medium, TV viewing is considered to be using right brain, passive, holistic processing of images viewed on screen and TV is regarded as low involvement medium. On the other hand, print media are high involvement because exposure to the print media results in the left brain’s active processing of verbal data and ultimately in cognitive learning.Thus, TV commercial should be short, rich in visual symbolism and repeat frequently. Consumer process and learn TV advertising passively, and the major objective of TV ads should be to form consumer familiarity with the brand and package which will result in the object’s recognition and purchase by consumers. The objective of print ads is to present detailed – rather than ‘overall image’ – information to generate evaluations of the advantages and disadvantages of the product. Discuss the roles of extrinsic cues and intrinsic cues in the perceived quality of products. Intrinsic cues – Physical characteristics of...
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...Cerebral Lateralization and Functionality PSY/240 Many studies have been conducted in cerebral lateralization revealing different functionalities of the left and right hemispheres. Cerebral lateralization is the process which the two hemispheres of the brain increasingly specialized in particular tasks. There are four methods of cerebral lateralization to study the functions of the right and left hemisphere of the brain. These methods include the sodium amytal test, the dichotic listing test, and functional brain imaging. The forth method of cerebral lateralization is comparing the effects of unilateral left and right hemisphere brain lesions. The sodium amytal test is a language lateralization that is given to patients before neurosurgery. During this test the patient is injected with a small amount of sodium amytal into the carotid artery on one side of the neck. The injection anesthetizes the hemisphere on that side for a few minutes, thus allowing the capacities of the other hemisphere to be assessed (Pinel, 2011). The patients are then asked to recite things such as numbers or letters to see if they still have the ability to speak. The dichotic listening test is a noninvasive test. This test can also be given to health people. In the standard dichotic listening test, three pairs of spoken numbers are presented through earphones; the numbers of each pair are presented simultaneously, one to each ear (Pinel, 2011). Then the individual is asked to repeat the numbers...
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...Cerebral Lateralization and Functionality Jennifer Long PSY/240 September 21, 2014 Sharemah Payne There are four ways to test for cerebral lateralization. These include sodium amytal test, the dichotic listening test, functional brain imaging, and the effects of unilateral left- and right-hemisphere brain lesions. The sodium amytal test is a test that is given prior to patients who are undergoing neurosurgery for language lateralization. A surgeon uses the test results to plan the surgery. The test involves an injection of sodium amytal in the carotid artery which anesthetizes the hemisphere on the side injected. Once injected the patient is then asked to recite a series of known letters, days of the week and to name objects in a picture. Then the test is repeated on the other side. When the side left side is anesthetized the patient is completely mute for a minute or two, the ability to talk returns but there are errors of serial order and naming. When the right side was anesthetized mutism does not occur at all, and few errors where done. The dichotic listening test is noninvasive in which the patient is given three pairs of spoken digits through earphones. The digits are given simultaneously, one to each ear, and then asked to repeat all of the numbers, six total. Most people report more numbers from the right ear than the left ear. The functional brain imaging involves the subject doing some activity, such as reading the brain is then monitored by positron emission...
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...Hemispheres of the Brain Our brain is divided into two main hemispheres, the left and the right. Each hemisphere is dominant in certain functions. Click either the left or the right hemisphere of the brain below and fill in the hemisphere’s appropriate functions. LEFT HEMISPHERE RIGHT HEMISPHERE [pic] Reference: Pinel, J. P. J. (2009). Biopsychology. Boston, MA: Pearson. Post a 200- to 300-word response to the following: Many studies have been conducted on cerebral lateralization revealing different functionalities of the left and right hemispheres. Describe four methods for studying cerebral lateralization. The four methods for studying cerebral lateralization include the sodium amytal test, studying the effects of the brain lesions on both the left and right hemispheres, functional brain imaging, and the dichotic listening test. The sodium amytal test involves injecting the sodium amytal into the carotid artery on either the left or right side of the neck which affects a corresponding hemisphere of the brain. The sodium amytal has an anesthetizing effect on the brain which allows researchers to study the language functionality of either or both hemispheres. The researchers will perform a series of tests on the patient while the brain is anesthetized. (Pinel, 2009) Studying the effects of the brain lesions on both the left and right hemispheres is the earliest research done with cerebral lateralization. During this time...
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...Left Brain Compared to Right Brain Joel M. Flores COLL 100-190 American Military University Shannon Voyles Left Compared Right Sided Brain Learners Left and right sided brain learners learn through different pathways of input to comprehend. When considering emotions both sides of the brain are responsible for emotions; the right side is known for negative emotions and the left side is known for happy emotions. The left side of the brain is responsible for language and math learning. As a left sided brain learner a person is a logical detail learner that focuses on facts and rules of language. The left sided brain learner is also focused on math and science in relation to pattern perception. These individuals are able to learn strategies through numbers, objects or verbal cues. The right side of the brain is responsible for nonverbal communication, recognizing shapes/patterns and auditory recognition. Right sided brain learners always are trying to take in the larger picture of issues and are often known as the philosopher of the learning group. There are some that do not believe that individuals are left or right sided brain learners at all, but have brain that developed differently and compensate for the different development. Brain regions with more gray matter in one hemisphere may develop lateralization of brain functions ascribed to those regions. Alternately, if a functional asymmetry develops in a brain region, it is possible that there may...
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...There are four methods of cerebral lateralization to study the different functionalities of the left and right hemispheres. These methods include the sodium amytal test, the dichotic listening test, and functional brain imaging moreover, the relation between handedness and language lateralization method. In the sodium amytal test, patients’ language abilities are assessed by a neurosurgeon before going into surgery. In the sodium amytal test, sodium amytal is injected into the carotid artery on a side of the neck (Pinel, 2009). The injection anesthetizes the hemisphere on that side for a few minutes, which allows capacities of the other hemisphere to be properly assessed (Pinel, 2009). In the dichotic listening test, "Three pairs of spoken digits are presented through earphones; the digits of each pair are presented simultaneously, one to each ear" (Pinel, 2009). An example of this process may be a subject maybe hearing a particular sequence 3, 9, 2 through one ear and at the same time 1, 6, 4 through the other ear; and then the subject will be asked to report all the digits at the end of the sequence. The test reveals that the left hemispere is the one that most people show dominance in because they hear slightly better in their right ear. In functional brain imaging, while the subject engages in some activity, such as reading, the activity of the brain is monitored by positron emission tomography (PET) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Pinel, 2009)...
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...Maranda Francisco's brain. The young girl had suffered from epilepsy caused by an extremely rare disease called Rasmussen's encephalitis. While seizures had affected only her right side, she was rapidly losing the ability to walk, talk, eat, and learn. She was on constant medication and lived her life in brief intervals between convulsions. As often as 120 times a day, and sometimes only three minutes apart, seizures made the right side of her body useless. Since the surgery, Maranda has not suffered a single seizure. In kindergarten, she was swimming and taking dancing lessons. In the 2 years following the surgery, she grew 9 inches, learned to jump rope, and became a local celebrity. She talked normally, and her memory was intact. She walked with a slight limp, although therapy helped to minimize it. "Over the long haul, I'd anticipate she'll be able to live quite a norma1life, with a mild weakness on the right side," says Benjamin Carson, head of pediatric neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins University, who per- formed the operation. After 10 hours in the operating room, Maranda woke up with the words, "I love you, Mommy and Daddy." Maranda's speech had already migrated to the right side of her brain. Part of her amazing recovery is attributed to the fact that her right hemisphere had already taken over many of the functions of its deteriorating left-side counterpart. Maranda is not an isolated case. Brain hemispherectomy...
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