...Breeding Unit, UNE, Armidale. This Primefact provides a brief history of the Landrace breed and its use in the Australian pork industry. Origin and history The Landrace breed was developed in Denmark by crossing the native pig with the Large White. This cross was then improved on during years of testing and breeding under strict government control. The Danes refused to export live pigs until World War II, when the best specimens of the breed were exported to Sweden. The progeny from these pigs eventually reached England and Ireland. The English first imported Landrace from Denmark in 1949. In 1953, further imports of registered breeding stock were made and the breed society was formed. This society amalgamated with the National Pig Breeders’ Association in 1978. The Danes had concentrated on producing a pig that suited the British bacon trade, which preferred the ‘Wiltshire’ type side of bacon. The Landrace was also bred to be adaptable to the intensivehousing system of production. In 1958, Landrace were imported into Australia from Northern Ireland. A total of fifteen mated sows and five boars arrived before imports of live pigs were stopped. These Landrace pigs formed the foundation stock of the Australian Landrace. Treacy (1976) states that 144 registered Landrace pigs were imported into Australia from 1959 until 1973. Most of these pigs came from New Zealand (80%) and the remainder were imported from the United Kingdom. At the Melbourne Royal Show in 1959 a Landrace...
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...We had identified a breed, breeder, and even looked at the different materials and foods that we might need. By mid July, I was really being annoying to my family. Reminding them everyday, to call the breeders, or to email them, but nobody did a thing. That's when I took matters into my own hands and actually emailed the breeder and found out what puppies they had available. He told me that they had a few left, and that if I wanted to bring a puppy home from him, I would have to hurry. I then showed the email to my dad, he called the breeder to verify my information, then he came home for dinner that night, and told us that that weekend we were going off to pick up a puppy! The day before we went to pick the puppy up, we headed to Petsmart to buy all of the supplies we needed, like a bed, crate, and some chew toys. After that, we made a list of names: Theo, Max, Watson, and Riley were our top names. We decided that we would choose a name when we saw him. And then, all we could do was wait, until the day came that would change...
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...FROM RESEARCH TO INDUSTRY Nuclear Energy Division 4 -GENERATION SODIUM-COOLED FAST REACTORS THE ASTRID TECHNOLOGICAL DEMONSTRATOR th DECEMBER 2012 SUSTAINABLE RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT OF JUNE 28, 2006: RESULTS OF RESEARCH CARRIED OUT ON THE SEPARATION AND TRANSMUTATION OF LONG-LIVED RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS, AND ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW GENERATION OF NUCLEAR REACTORS 1 4th GENERATION SODIUM-COOLED FAST REACTORS THE ASTRID TECHNOLOGICAL DEMONSTRATOR 1 2 FOREWORD The objective of the Generation IV International Forum (GIF), in which France is actively involved, is to prepare the future nuclear sector in an international framework by jointly developing the R&D of 4th generation reactors, based on clearly identified objectives: achieve sustainable development of nuclear energy by optimising the use of natural uranium resources and by reaching the highest levels of nuclear safety; minimise the production of the most radioactive waste, in particular long-lived waste; ensure high resistance to nuclear proliferation; develop applications of nuclear energy for other uses than production of electricity. After an analysis phase carried out jointly by the founding partners, the GIF selected six concepts of nuclear reactors and their cycles4 which exhibited the most promising potentials to achieve the abovementioned objectives: SFR: Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor; GFR: Gas-cooled Fast Reactor; LFR: Lead-cooled Fast Reactor; SCWR: Supercritical Water-cooled...
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...Breeder’s Own Pet Food Inc. Case Analysis CJ Class:Marketing Strategy September 06, 2014 Breeder’s Own Pet Foods, Inc. Case Analysis Case Recap Breeder’s Own Pet Foods, Inc. proposes to adopt a market penetration strategy due to having identified a growth opportunity in the dog food market, for its nutritionally balanced, high quality dog food brand, Breeder’s Mix. This premium product has been sold traditionally, to the show dog kennel market, but company executives are now convinced it can be repackaged and offered as a frozen premium product, to picky pet owners via general retail distribution channels. Since the product is considered premium, it should fetch premium prices because of its ingredients and its claimed benefits to animals: it consists of 85% fresh meat, 15% high quality fortified cereal with no additives or preservatives and will dramatically improve the coats of animals. (Kerin and Peterson, 2013). One of the major challenges for Breeder’s Own is convincing customers that frozen dog food is the wave of the future. Based on positive feedback from food brokers, the company believes it can carve out a substantial market share with this product. The initial plan involves test marketing in the Boston area and if successful quickly ramping up production to make it available nationally (Kerin and Peterson, 2013). Problem Identification Traditionally, dog food is produced as dried, canned, or treats; since this new product is intended to be frozen, one of the...
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...Conclusion To conclude, black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) demonstrated an improved long-term reproductive success until a disproportionate ratio of helpers to breeders (exceeding amount of helpers to breeders) became injurious to the coterie. Our results demonstrated, to some extent, that the helper pool size improves long-term reproductive success of black-tailed prairie dogs, agreeing with Hoogland’s 1981. Our results resolve the conflict between John L. Hoogland and Michener and Murie because we found that black tailed prairie dogs have an increased long-term reproductive success, despite the graph (Graph 1) plateauing and eventual decline with an increase in the number of helpers. Although the number of helpers eventually...
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...Although it seems rather easy to choose a Goldendoodle, there are a few things you need to consider first. In fact, many of the things you're about to read are not discussed often enough. Before you bring home your new Goldendoodle, consider this. . . I want to stress the importance of not choosing a Goldendoodle puppy based on price. You want to buy your puppy from a credible and experienced breeder, and that usually comes with a heftier cost. However, if you're looking for an allergy-friendly, top-quality Goldendoodle, the price should be at the bottom of your priority list.You know you've found a good breeder if their mission is to better the breed with healthy, well-tempered dogs. The best way you can do this is - research, research, and more research....
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...In the United States, approximately 70-80 million dogs have homes. Despite the numbers sounding high, for every ten dogs born, only one of them will find a permanent home. Shelters are often overflowing with animals every year, mostly due to finding homeless animals on the streets. In America, of the 3.9 million dogs that enter shelters each year, 1.2 million of those dogs are euthanized due to lack of space, resources, and people willing to adopt. Each year 28 percent of the dogs in homes are obtained through purchase from a breeder. The fact that breeding is used as a business adds to the overpopulation of dogs, a problem which could be easily reduced if breeders found a better business. The benefits to adopting a dog will outweigh those of a buying one from a breeder in all aspects from prices to a sense of fulfillment....
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...best friend; if so, why are they treated so poorly? The most prominent example of the latter occurs in the last place one might expect, a pet store. Frequently seen in these stores is the picturesque scene in which puppies of all breeds playfully romp around in their clean, well-kept cages or peacefully doze behind the glass. Cunningly, a salesperson, in hopes of selling their wares, smoothly assures potential buyers that these puppies are of the finest lineage and of the highest quality that can be found, raised happily on a local farm. Looking at them one might never guess where they truly came from or what horrors they have already faced even at such a young age. These pups are bred only for profit at what is termed puppy mills, where breeders only seem to care about keeping them alive until they are sold. Snatched from their mother’s side just a few weeks after birth, they are crammed into wire cages and coops far too small to be humane. Next, they are crowded onto a truck which ships them thousands of miles to their destination. Upon arrival, those that have survived are cleaned up just enough to be sold for high profit. However, this is not the end for these puppies. Often, after these pups have been given new homes, unsuspecting owners frequently find both genetic and behavioral issues regarding these pups. These problems stem from the puppy mills and lack of sufficient care for both the pups and their parents, resulting in countless newly acquired pups being put in shelters...
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...KILLED every HOUR. I have four dogs and two cats, all of which were adopted from a shelter or rescue. I want you, as my audience, to realize that by buying an animal from a breeder or pet store you are contributing to the pet overpopulation problem by creating demand for irresponsible breeding. By choosing to adopt, you will not only save a life, but you will also ensure that your adoption fee is going to help the next unwanted pet that comes in the door of that shelter. Another thing you can do to prevent over population is… Spay and Neuter your pets! By doing so you are ensuring that you do not become an “accidental breeder” American humane.org says that in many cases, these people will go on to become repeat offenders, engaging in a continuous cycle of irresponsible breeding or pet acquisition and disposal because they know they can easily find a new home for the animals. Some advantages: Spayed or neutered pets tend to live an average of 2-3 years longer than those that are unaltered. Spaying or neutering protects pets from some types of deadly cancers. It reduces the chance of pets running away or fighting. Dogs who have not been spayed or neutered may be three times more likely to bite. Avoid breeders and pet stores Every puppy or kitten sold by a breeder means there is one more shelter animal that will not find a home. Though I do understand that, under circumstances, some families need or want a specific dog that cannot be found...
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...Info on Pembroke Welsh Corgis from Pembroke Welsh Corgi Club of America Legend has it that the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is an "enchanted" dog, and certainly this must be true! 'Tis said he was used by the fairies and elves of Wales to pull fairy coaches, work fairy cattle, and serve as a steed for the fairy warriors. Even today those people with keen eyes and understanding hearts may see the marks of the "fairy saddle" in the coat over the shoulders. Pembrokes have been used by the Welsh as herding dogs, family companions, and guardians of the farm. They continue today to be workers and companions for their owners. It is believed that their ancestry dates back to at least the tenth century. It is unknown whether they are descended from the Vallhunds (Swedish cattle dogs possibly brought to Pembrokeshire by the Vikings) or from the ancestors of the present-day Schipperkes and Pomeranians that were brought to Wales by Flemish weavers. In the 1920's Corgis were recognized as pure-bred dogs in the United Kingdom. In 1934 the Pembroke and Cardigan Corgis were recognized by the English Kennel Club as separate breeds. American Kennel Club recognition of the two distinct breeds also occurred in that same year. Pembrokes are sensitive and intelligent dogs. They are easily trained as long as training is done with gentle handling and without severe physical correction. They are healthy and long-lived dogs and are excellent companions for either rural or urban families. So You...
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...Syringomylia and epilepsy are among two examples of genetic diseases discussed in the film. b. Syringomylia, which is commonly found in cavaliers, occurs when a dog’s skull is too small for its brain, causing neurological damages and unbearable pain. On the other hand, boxers are the victims of epilepsy. c. Inbreeding may cause welfare problems because today’s dogs are simply breed to fit the breed standards for dog showing regardless of their health conditions and potential risks of developing health problems. Inbreeding has made a breed’s gene pool become narrower. As such, defective genes are more easily passed on within a breed, which could affect the breed population to a great extent. In this film, Margaret Carter, who is a cavalier breeder, discovered her dog had Syringomylia. Before then, the dog gave birth to many puppies who inherited the same condition. In class material that centers on ridgeback dogs, the inbreeding parents usually carry the same genetic defects and thus are at higher risk to give birth to a puppy with serious defects, though the desired ridgeback trait is retained at the same time. 2. a&b. Although the working German shepherd used by police force still looks very much like their ancestor, unlike the original German shepherd who have straight back legs, today’s show dogs tend to have a sloped back and dragged back legs that leads to a lack of coordination in their limb movements. With regards to English bulldogs, they tend to have flatter faces with...
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...dogs are kept in cages their whole life, feed and watered the bare minimum, and never get vet or any medical treatment for anything. According to McHugh-Smith, president and CEO of the Humane Society of the Pikes Peak Region, “Lots of times the animals aren’t properly vaccinated, are unhealthy, are too young, or are out in the sun all day” (Stephans). When dogs are kept in cages outside all day to fend for themselves in whatever weather they can get sick, get overheated, or even die from the heat or cold, but we have to ask our selves is it better to keep them caged in a dark room where the only sunlight they get is the door opening? Animals are like humans and need sunlight but not all the day. Wellesley Coun. Dussan Cizman, a former dog breeder who is now helping to shut puppy mills down recalls one dark barn where dogs, covered in feces and bugs, were housed in rabbit pens suspended form the ceiling (Nicole). In other words puppy mills are cruel places were dogs...
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...The unaware person may never know how many puppies are dying in puppy mills. Millions of dogs are bred and crammed together, and millions more are shot or drowned every year. These puppy mills are buildings where dogs are kept in inhumane conditions, packed together by the hundreds, with no good food or water. They pass as ordinary breeders who sell puppies to pet stores, and the unlucky person who purchases the sick dog may have it die on them, or it will live in fear and anxiety (ASPCA). With the many problems they bring upon society, people can stop puppy mills by taking a stand in their community, donating to foundations, and making adoption the first option. Background information In this case, puppy mills are keeping dogs in inhuman conditions. Puppy mills are crowded, have almost no food or water, and give little-to-no veterinary care. These dogs are susceptible to blood and respiratory disorders, and multiple behavior problems (ASPCA). To emphasize, people do not know these dogs are being treated terribly, and they continue to let breeders bring living and breathing creatures into these areas. To add to that, dogs in puppy mills are...
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...whatsoever on the animals or their welfare. On these farms the lionesses are bred continuously throughout the year and after they give birth the cubs are only given three to ten days before being taken away. They take away the cubs to put the female back into estrus so she will be ready to mate again. Due to the rapid breeding the genetics of the lions are getting weaker and weaker with each litter of cubs. In the documentary Blood Lions: Bred For The Bullet a young lion cub is shown struggling to walk with his nearly useless back legs. The breeders have begun to stop caring about the health and genetic integrity of the lions and are more focused on breeding as many as possible. At the end of the day the lions are shot down by hunters who are often inexperienced and take more than one shot Another clip from the for mentioned documentary is a video of a canned hunt. In this hunt the gun is shot six times hitting the lion each time before one of the breeders stops the hunter. After the release of Blood lions, Hermann Meyeridrs, “The head of the Professional Hunters association Of south...
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...to introduce mildew resistance without losing the high-yield characteristics. Progeny from the cross would then be crossed with the high-yielding parent to ensure that the progeny were most like the high-yielding parent, (backcrossing). The progeny from that cross would then be tested for yield (selection, as described above) and mildew resistance and high-yielding resistant plants would be further developed. Plants may also be crossed with themselves to produce inbred varieties for breeding. Classical breeding relies largely on homologous recombination between chromosomes to generate genetic diversity. The classical plant breeder may also make use of a number of in vitro techniques such as protoplast fusion, embryo rescue or mutagenesis (see below) to generate diversity and produce hybrid plants that would not exist in nature. Traits that breeders have tried to incorporate into crop plants include: Improved quality, such as increased nutrition, improved flavor, or greater beauty Increased yield of the crop Increased tolerance of environmental pressures (salinity, extreme temperature, drought) Resistance to viruses, fungi and bacteria Increased tolerance to insect pests Increased tolerance of herbicides Longer storage period for the harvested crop Before World...
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