...Interpretation and Bridging Gaps In his approach to Reader-Response criticism, Wolfgang Iser stands between subjectivity and objectivity. For him, literary texts do not have one final meaning; nor are they open to as many meanings as there are readers. Iser’s two major books, The Implied Reader (1974) and The Act of Reading (1978), have continued to be sold and reprinted; he has also published an abundance of more recent articles. Iser distinguishes literary texts from non-literary ones and presents us with a phenomenology of reading that has significant implications for literary interpretation. He draws a distinction between literature and non-literature in the book titled: The Act of Reading: A Theory of Aesthetic Response and says: “Literary texts do not contain a referential meaning; if they did, they would not be literature.” Iser’s primary concern is the relationship between the text and its readers. According to Iser, the literary text has a ‘potential’, and ‘the structure of the text allows for different ways’ of fulfilling its ‘potential’. (qtd. The Act of Reading, 13) I believe that to achieve this effect, the literary text conceals as it reveals. The presence of holes or gaps in the text invites the reader to fill in the gaps, but the reader’s activity is guided and molded by that what is revealed. Iser’s blanks come with his points of suspended connectability between segments of the text. (qtd. The Act of Reading, 13) He focuses on the role of the reader...
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...Culturally Responsive Teaching: Bridging the Gap Michael Warren University of Texas at El Paso Culturally Responsive Teaching: Bridging the Gap The changing demographics in classrooms are not often reflected in the pedagogies, curriculum and strategies used in represented grade levels and content areas by the education professionals that drive our education system. Recent research has considered the idea that culturally responsive or culturally pedagogical teaching may be the answer to closing the achievement gap created by the absence of cultural awareness. The concept of cultural awareness may be simply defined as an understanding and awareness of the diversity in the classroom (Villegas & Lucas, 2002); however, such a simplistic definition does not recognize the many dimensions involved in the pedagogy of culturally responsive teaching, which for students includes seeing germane links between subject matter and lessons and their experiences outside the context of the classroom and how those links influence what and how they learn. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the many facets that make up the term Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) and the impact and implications implementing such a broad concept may have on the education system. While the literature discusses several topics connected to CRT, I will confine this review to the following: (1) CRT Background/Definition (2) The methods of study, the participants involved and the significance...
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...International Students: Bridging the Gap between Two Cultures Irma Ahmad Wan Norhaizar Harun Nurisyalliena Ishak Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Abstract Cultural differences play an important role in the academic environment. It is often being overlooked by university, society and even among the international students themselves. When dealing with international students, there is an overlap between perception and acceptance towards readiness and adaptation to the cultural differences. International students’ readiness and ability to adapt with local cultural has influenced on how the university and society view and accept them. In this paper, it explores the understanding and challenges for international students to adapt themselves in UniMAP. It also looks on the effectiveness of university effort in building an inclusive academic environment for its international students. Introduction The Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia has taken a big step in becoming a hub for the international students. The aim is proven by the number of international students in Malaysia. As for the year 2008, it was reported that 16,991 students from foreign countries are studying here (Bernama, Dec 3 2008). In order not to be left behind, University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) has adhere to the Ministry Of Higher Education aspiration by taking 168 international students that come from various countries namely China, Yemen, Iraq and Pakistan. 74 of them are the undergraduates’...
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...Referencia Bibliográfica Luna, Matilde; Velasco, José Luis. (2013). Bridging the Gap between Firms and Academic Institutions. Industry & Higher Education. (Vol. 17), No. 5.pp. 313-323 Autor(es) Matilde Luna es Doctora en Ciencia Política de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales. Es Investigadora Nivel II del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Su tema de investigación son los Actores y Procesos Sociales; y también trabaja las Redes de gobernanza, Redes de conocimiento, Empresarios y Política. José Luis Velazco es Doctor en Ciencia Política de Universidad de Boston. Es investigador Nivel I del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Su área de investigación son las instituciones políticas; y los temas de investigación son en Ciencia Política Comparada, democratización, Reforma 1 Tributaria. Tema El artículo intenta abordar el rol que juegan los traductores o facilitadores en los contextos de redes de conocimiento en la cual participan organizaciones académicas y empresariales. Para los autores la función de “traducción” ayuda a la integración del conocimiento en doble vía, es decir, de lo académico a lo empresarial y viceversa, pero en clave de redes, por ello sostienen que los traductores contribuyen a la integración del conocimiento académico junto al desarrollo económico por medio de la reconciliación o articulación de diversas orientaciones...
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...MSc in Shipping Trade & Finance 2011/2012 Alternative Sources of raising capital in shipping corporations: Bridging the Funding Gap By Linos Alexandros Kogevinas 100021584 Supervisor: Dr. Giovanni Cespa Acknowledgments Having completed a rather long, but enjoyable year at Cass Business School , I feel obligated to thank a few people who helped me along the way. Firstly, I’d like to offer my most sincere thanks to my supervisor, Dr. Giovanni Cespa for accepting to supervise me and putting me on the right track with this dissertation. Following, I’d like to thank my family for their moral support throughout the year. Last but not least I’d like to thank the entirety of the staff at Cass who helped further my education throughout the year. To all of you, Thank you Abstract The goal of this thesis is to evaluate and present the main alternative sources of finance for shipping corporations in the scope of the post-2008 market downturn. By “alternative” the author refers to any source finance that is not vanilla financing i.e. bank debt. Lists of benefits and drawbacks for each alternative source will be presented for all parties of the transaction in question. This is done in order to present an evaluation that will facilitate the reader in understanding the value of each source as well as potential costs and risks. While there are numerous alternative sources that could be covered, the emphasis has fallen only on those that carry at least a...
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...In the field of accountancy, having the ability to bridge the gap between hard data and soft data is critical to the success of the career. Quantifiable is essential to producing reports, but is the soft data that gives the hard data a characteristic of action. Mark Gerzon speaks about bridging the gaps between human interactions and the different leadership perspectives. His focus is on building partnerships in organizations that have significant divides in order to be productive. The change in perspective needs to shift from the “me” view to a “we” view in order to succeed in building corporate alliances. “This is a key challenge for any association leader. If the members' differences outweigh their commonalities, the association is weak. Conversely, when the differences between them and us are included and bridged, a viable association is born” (Gerzon, Mark). Being a mediator, allows a leader to bridge these communication gaps resulting in new communications channels. As an accountant, one will require not only the skills to analyze, but also to communicate with other effectively and to do so, one needs to be able to cross train in technicality of accountancy and clear and effective communications. How do you think language barriers can be overcome, when bridging communications not only across hard/ soft data, but also internationally? Gerzon, Mark. “From Me to We: How Bridging Leadership Transforms Differences Into Opportunities”. Retrieved from http://www.asaecenter...
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...communication quiz was based on the depth of details it provided me upon completion of the quiz. The quiz had 15 questions which encompassed each stage of the communication process. A score interpretation was provided and also a detailed interpretation for improving my skills in each area. Based on my score interpretation, I am a capable communicator, but I sometimes experience communication problems. I need to take more time to think about my approach to communication, and focus on receiving messages effectively as much as sending them. The encoding part of the communication process was my weakest area. This showed that I have difficulty creating a clear and well-crafted message which often leads to a communication gap. Communication Gaps Communication gaps are frequently...
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...The Importance of Bridging the Digital Divide in America Pseftis Angelis Ethics in Information Technology Professor Jean M Mc Kenzie University of Maryland University College Abstract Years ago people said the world was flat. Later this theory was disproved when Magellan circumvented the world in 1522. In America the expression “the world is flat” relates to us all by connecting the world to us through the use of the internet. With the internet and technology connecting all of us, it is increasingly important that people have access to the internet so they too can participate in the world around them. Technology has curved the way we live our lives on a daily basis. Social media, elections, bill paying, communication, leisure entertainment and education are all done or can be done through the use of the internet. For example, teachers use technology for educational purposes giving the kids access to use computers, smartphones, tablets and the internet to search and expand the resources from what the school has to offer. Research has proven that schools and communities that have access to the internet and computers average an income $30,000 higher than those that don’t. This is the metaphorical gap we need to bridge in the United State of America. The goal is to ensure 100% of our country has access to the internet with the skills they need to utilize it and understand its capabilities. The Importance of Bridging the Digital Divide in America The term “digital divide”...
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...Article Summary Savage,Marcia. "IT Support: Bridging The Generation Gap" InformationWeek (December 2015): Link : http://www.networkcomputing.com/applications/it-support-bridging-generation-gap/1117677992 Pre-Script: Baby Boomers: Born before 1965 Gen X: Born between 1965 and 1980 Millennials :Born between 1980 and 2000 Millennials, digital natives who grew up with computers and Internets have much expectations regarding the technology they use rather than the baby boomers. These tech savvy workers will want more IT support via video chat, Instant messaging and social media rather than the Gen Xers and baby boomers. A CompTIA’s study was made based on the IT support needs in different age groups on an online survey across various sectors. CompTIA found that desktops and PC topped the list for IT support tickets rather than the smart phones and tablets. Millennials are more open to use skype or Lync video chat to work with IT Support compared to the boomers and they are more likely to use their own personal computing devices at work. The Survey also found that the millennials were inclined to “do it yourself” approach or search solutions on google than the Gen Xers or baby boomers. Overall, research showed that IT Support met the expectations of the workers and it is also found that there is a room for improvement. Reaction I totally agree with the statement. Millennials largest generation at work will definitely place advanced demands on the IT Support....
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...‘Great rhetoric’ has the potential of impacting the reception of the perspectives, transforming society. Keating’s universal values significantly emphasise bridging the gap. He conveys the need to take responsibility for past discriminations, encouraging open and hopeful beliefs of reconciliation as opposed to assigning guilt. In taking responsibility, he proposes ideas into transforming the attitudes of Australians into improving their national identity by becoming one with the Indigenous people. “If we improve the living conditions… If we raise the standard by 20%... If we open one door others will follow.” The first steps in influencing people into transforming society, Keating uses anaphora in emphasizing that by transforming society in...
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...provides an overview of the arts, humanities (the study of the human condition), social sciences, mathematics and natural sciences. Traditionally, liberal art majors find it more difficult obtaining employment because it is assumed that their area of study is not specific enough or perhaps lacks the concentration needed to contribute quickly in a business organization. The advantages a liberal art education provides for a student is the ability to develop his/her critical thinking ability, analytical skills, (Bogart, 2011) among others, which in most cases cannot be learnt from a strictly outlined course work such as accounting. This literature discusses the liberal art major and how they can be aligned with the business education, how the gap between liberal arts and business can be bridged, benefits of a liberal arts education,...
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...Grace Chin Paper #2 Intro to Philosophy, Phil-2-2503 Dr. Fjeld October 7, 2010 The Unbridgeable Gap Over centuries, the epistemological gap has been an issue of debate and controversy among deep philosophical thinkers. This very gap refers to the gap between “subject” and “object”, and it is this very gap that provoked the question of true objectivity. Can we reach true objectivity and in essence, know an object in itself? Although many philosophers found their own ways of bridging the epistemological gap and proposed many intellectual explanations, I found that for myself personally, none of the theories settled quite perfectly for me. There was always a lingering question among the theories as their own separate entities, and so as a believer of a mélange of different ideas and philosophies, I must say that I do not believe that the epistemological gap can be bridged. Plato first began to tackle the epistemological gap by presenting the idea of “Forms”. He insisted that through love here in existence, we are pointed to the perfect forms above, with each step up being a step closer to the higher Forms. He believed that all things in existence participated in the perfections above us. For example, anything beautiful here on earth partakes in the bigger, higher Form of “Beauty” in the heavens. Plato gives the cave parable in his dialectical The Republic to further explain the pathway from denseness to clear. All people on earth view only the shadows reflected off the...
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...INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT THE DIGITAL DIVIDE The digital divide, simply put, is the gap between those people and communities with access to information technology and those without it. Yet, the fact is there are many divides, characterized by community, ethnic, economic, and age groups. These differences provide the basis for much research into internet use, and for the identification by some of the digital divide as an increasingly important feature of the growing economic and political gaps within and across 'developed' and 'developing' countries. The internet can be used as a tool for social, political and economic participation. Its facilitation of one-to-many and many-to-many communication and open publishing means that those affected by the divide may suffer disadvantages relating to education, employment and awareness of contemporary issues. The digital divide is now seen as a pressing international and consequently, much research and media attention have been directed at understanding who is affected and why. It is generally accepted that the digital divide is more than just an issue of access, and information technology training and literacy is needed to assist those affected by the digital divide, who can then create content relevant to their needs. Internet and computer use has undoubtedly increased in the United States and the digital divide may be smaller within certain populations. However, it remains a fact that poorer people may not be able...
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...formal certification. My efforts were duly recognized and I was awarded with a certificate of recognition. This experience vindicated my own belief in my ability to lead a team. The challenges of the business world requires one to adapt quickly to the ever changing requirements and be a team player. This quality helped me to learn quickly and adapt to new situations. My another professional achievement was when the teams assigned were from diverse parts and unique technical skills. Initially all of us were a bit hesitant in communicating our ideas & suggestions with each other. In bridging this communication gap was essential and key to this project's success. Hence I suggested having a scrum meeting every day for half an hour, which would allow everyone to speak for 5 minutes about new ideas, suggestions on ways in which other team members could improve on their task and bridging communication gap among team members. Initially everyone was hesitant, but once everyone started participating acting and the meeting became an everyday affair, new ideas started...
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION Rural areas of Zimbabwe continue to be sparsely covered and are not considered as a viable business case by mobile telecommunication operators. Recent growth of tele density in urban areas, fueled by mobile technology, has meant that the digital gap between rural and urban areas has widened. Rural populations will need to be provided with mobile telephony and wireless broadband access, by connecting remote areas to the broadband core networks. Choosing efficient, cost-effective and fast-deployment technologies – whether wired or wireless networks – will improve accessibility. The key challenges for the provision of telecommunication services in rural areas are driven by both technological and economic considerations. Setting up backhaul connectivity remains a high-cost exercise. Erratic power supply or complete lack of energy sources is a major barrier, and photovoltaic power supply is increasingly becoming a viable alternative. The requirement to maintain sufficient backup systems raises operational costs substantially. In the 1990s, the term digital divide was introduced as a way to describe the gap between those who have access to computers and the internet and those who do not. Mobile technology is now being sold as the bridge across the digital divide. The last decade has seen advances in digital electronics devices such as computers smaller, cheaper and faster. These significant changes have promoted the rapid development and market growth of small computers...
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