...(QDR, 2010). As the United States military undergoes sequestration, we will become increasingly more reliant on the support of our strongest allies to deter our enemies and, if necessary, project the international will to our collective enemies. In order to fully understand their system, it is important to understand their current force structure and the radical changes they are making under Army 2020, their current manpower reduction plans, their equipment capability development and material development systems, and the documentation methods. British Military as our Strongest Ally Over the last decade, the British has been our strongest ally in Afghanistan and Iraq. Currently, the United Kingdom is one of only three countries with a brigade deployed to Afghanistan (US, UK, and Germany) (NATO, 2013). They currently have 7900 personnel deployed to Afghanistan which is more than 9% of the coalition total. As Force Managers, it is important for us to have an understanding of the force structure, personnel, and equipping plans of our strongest ally in order to have an appreciation of what they will be able to bring to a future conflict. As President Obama stated in the 2012 Defense Strategic Guidance, “Europe is our principle partner in seeking global and economic security, and will remain so for the foreseeable future” (DSG, 2012). Current Army Structure In order to understand the magnitude of the change that the British Army is making, it is critical to have a...
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...the oldest mounted unit in the U.S. The 104th Cavalry has gone through many configurations, its elements serving as the 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry and the 8th Pennsylvania Infantry on Puerto Rico during the Spanish–American War. On July 6, 1916, subordinate units of the regiment was mustered into Federal service for the Mexican border and stationed at El Paso, TX. The unit was mustered out on 22 January 1917. On July 15, 1917, the regiment was drafted and mustered into Federal service for World War I as the 103rd Headquarters Troop, 28th Division; and on December 9, 1917, as 103rd Trench Mortar Battery, 53rd Field Artillery, 28th Division. It served in both France and Belgium and was mustered out on April 12, 1919, returning to state service with its headquarters at Harrisburg. During WW2, the regiment was redesignated the 104th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron (Mechanized) and assigned to the 28th Infantry Division. On August 25, 1952, the regiment was redesignated the 104th Armored Cavalry Regiment; on June 1, 1959, it was redesignated as the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron, 103rd Armor; on April 1, 1963, the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron, 223rd Cavalry; and finally, on 1 April 1, 1975, as the 1st Squadron, 104th Cavalry, headquartered in Philadelphia, PA. In 1980, elements of the 104th Cavalry were used as extras in the George C. Scott film Taps (film). On May 31, 2002, elements of the 1st Squadron, 104th Cavalry Regiment were mustered into Federal service as Task Force Saber...
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...Battle of the Huertgen Forest During the Battle of the Huertgen Forest, Major General Norman D. Cota was tasked with being the commander of the 28th Infantry Division. As the commander of this division he now was responsible for the lives of more than 15,000 men. “The division’s performance had been considered unsatisfactory by its parent headquarters, XIX Corps, and Cota, with his reputation of strict discipline and leading from the front, had been brought in to correct the leadership challenges present within the division”. Prior to the Battle of the Huertgen Forest assignment, Cota had become somewhat of a legend for his bravery and leadership on Omaha Beach and earned the reputation as a ‘fighting general’. His reputation would take a major fall when his division was destroyed during the Battle of the Huertgen Forest. The reasons for the American loss at the Battle of the Huertgen Forest can be mostly attributed to the failure to follow the nine principles of war – specifically the principle of “mass”, which states that combat power should be concentrated at the decisive place and time to achieve military superiority. Failure at certain war fighting functions also attributed to the disaster that occurred at the Battle of the Huertgen Forest – mainly the functions of command and control, sustainment (logistics), intelligence (reconnaissance), and fires (artillery support). The Battle of the Huertgen Forest began on September 12, 1944 when the 3rd Armored Division entered...
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...The Eighteenth U.S. Infantry During the Civil War Kentucky Military History Institute By direction of the President of the United States, of date May 4, 1861, subsequently confirmed by Act of Congress, July 29,1861, the infantry arm of the Regular Army was increased nine regiments, numbering from the eleventh to the nineteenth, inclusive; the new regiments to be organized into three battalions each, each battalion to consist of eight companies, the companies of each battalion to be lettered from A to H inclusive. The organization of the 18th Infantry was begun in compliance with G.O. 16, A. G. O., May 4, 1861, and G. O. 48, A. G. O., July 21, 1861. Henry B. Carrington, a native of Connecticut, and at this time (1861) a citizen of Ohio, was appointed colonel of the regiment; Captain Oliver L. Shepherd, 3d U. S. Infantry, a graduate of the Military Academy of 1840, and a veteran of the Mexican War, was appointed lieutenant-colonel; Capt. Edmund Underwood, 4th U. S. Infantry, a native of Pennsylvania, whose original date of entry into service was March 3, 1848, was appointed major; and Frederick Townsend, a citizen of New York, was appointed major. All of these field officers dated from May 14, 1861. The headquarters of the regiment were stationed in Columbus, Ohio, and recruiting commenced on the 1st day of July, 1861. A camp was established, August 10, 1861, about four miles north of Columbus, called, in honor of the Adjutant-General of the Army, Camp Thomas. The organization...
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...Rough draft #2 Antione Frazier served honorably in the U.S. Army from 1989-1996. During these years, he served in combat in the Gulf War, August 2, 1990 – February 28, 1991. With being a young soldier from East Cleveland, he continued to grow Army strong. Antione Frazier experienced things that not everyone faces on an everyday base. Starting from the day his father left his family, to a senior in high school who didn’t have any the knowledge or ability in applying to colleges or proper guidance to lead him into being a success in his future. “I felt like I was the only person who had my own back. I had a 3.8 GPA but didn’t have family support or encouragement from them. “I didn’t receive that continuous motivation that a young man should have when he gets to High school.” “Most parents at that time was happy you made it that far!” He states; “I didn’t quite fully understand what I was doing wrong if anything, but I knew I had to leave East Cleveland”. Frazier’s only way out of his unknowledgeable family and detreating neighborhood, was to take an independent step and travel downtown the federal building where he then swore into the military without his mother’s consent. It exposed a lot of emotions from his mom in the household whom later found out by an employer/friend who worked in the building. Despite the challenges he had to face from the time he made a legitimate decision to the time he left, he still stood his ground. “In this life, you’re going...
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...General Bikram Singh assumes charge as the Chief of Army Staff on May 31, 2012. He becomes the 25th chief of the world's second-largest army. He was commissioned on March 31, 1972, into the Sikh Light Infantry (SIKHLI) Regiment. His colleagues remember him as a bright cadet at the Indian Military Academy (IMA), where he held the appointment of Battalion Cadet Adjutant (BCA). The affable cadet, known as 'Bikki' to his friends, topped the Young Officer's course at the Infantry School and was adjudged the 'Best Young Officer.' He was also awarded the prestigious 'Commando Dagger' for being the best commando along with 'Best in Tactics' trophy. It was during his tenure as an instructor at the Commando Wing of the Infantry School that General Singh met the woman he would marry. Then a young Captain, he met, Surjeet Kaur - popularly known as 'Bubbles' in army circles - at a family wedding. "It indeed was love at first sight," the General recalled. "Within a week, things were arranged and we got engaged. However, I was not happy with the marriage being fixed after six months. So, I called her up from Belgaum and told her to be prepared for marriage within a month. Of course, this required convincing parents and family members on both sides." Bubbles joined him at the Commando Wing of the Infantry School within the stated time-frame. "During various demonstrations that used to be organised for the public, I ensured that Bubbles was present to see and appreciate our commando...
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...faces east for 21 seconds, then faces north for 21 second, then takes 21 steps down the mat and repeats. Twenty one was chosen because it shows the highest military honor that can be achieved is ranking of the military is the 21 gun salute. The sentinel's creed is a speech that is 99 words that tells the true meaning of their duty. The term Line 6 will be heard proudly said by tomb guards as they commutate their chain of commands. According to the famous speech on 21 salutes, it states:“My dedication to this sacred duty is total and whole-hearted. In the responsibility bestowed on me never will I falter. And with dignity and perseverance my standard will remain perfection. Through the years of diligence and praise and the discomfort of the elements, I will walk my tour in humble reverence to the best of my ability. It is he who commands the respect I protect, his bravery that made us so proud. Surrounded by well meaning crowds by day alone in the thoughtful peace of night, this soldier will in honored glory rest under my eternal vigilance. – Simon...
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...Lance Sijan, a United States Air Force officer and a fighter pilot, posthumously received the Medal of Honor, which is the highest military award, for his act of selflessness and courage. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in April 13, 1942. His father, Sylvester Sijan was a restaurant owner who comes from a Serbian ancestry. His mother, Jane Sijan was Irish-American. Lance was the eldest of the three children. He went to Bay View High School and after graduating he attended the Naval Academy Preparatory School in Bainbridge, Maryland. He was then appointed to the Air force Academy in Colorado, after completing the program. While attending the academy, he joined the football team for three years, but in his final year he quit the team in order to focus on his studies. He graduated in 1965 earning a second lieutenant’s commission and commenced pilot training. Following that he was assigned to the 480th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 366th Fighter Wing, which is stationed at Da Nang Air Base in South Vietnam. He flew as an aircraft commander and a combat systems officer in an F-4C Phantom, a 20 ton, two seat fighter bomber. Sijan’s 52nd combat mission was on the night of November 9, 1967. Along with pilot Lt. Col. John Armstrong they were tasked to bomb a place called Ban Laboy Ford in Laos. Their F-4 Phantom was engulfed in flames after releasing almost six bombs. The sudden explosion was caused by malfunctioning bomb fuses. Sijan successfully managed to eject from the aircraft but...
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...deemphasise the former regional structure. Each division thus had access to the sea thereby making triservice cooperation and logistic support easier. This deployment formula was later abandoned in favour of the present assignment of sectors to the divisions. Thus 1 Division with HQ at Kaduna is allocated the North West sector; 2 Division with HQ at lbadan South West sector, 3 Division with HQ at Jos North East sector and 82 Division with HQ at Enugu South East sector."[citation needed] Division headquarters remains in Kaduna in the north-west.[2] 1 Division 1 Division 241 Recce Battalion Nguru 1 Mechanised Brigade(Sokoto) 65 Mechanised Battalion 81 Motorised Battalion 223 Light Battalion Other formations of the division include the 3rd Brigade (Kano), 41 Division Engineers, a signals formation of brigade size, and the 31st Artillery Brigade.[3] Commanders • Col M Shuwa JSS 30 Aug 67-20 Sep 69[4] • Brig ID Bisalla Psc 24 Sep 69-14 Dec 73 • Brig IB Haruna JSS 15 Dec 73-31 Jul 75 Owoye Andrew Azazi was appointed the General Officer Commanding (GOC) 1 Division, Nigerian Army in January 2005, and subsequently appointed Chief of Army Staff (COAS) in June 2006. References 1. General Olunsegun Obasanjo, 'My Command: An Account of the Nigerian Civil War 1967-70,' Heinemann, Ibadan/London/Nairobi, p.18 (Via Joint Services Command and Staff College Library)...
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...Regionally Aligned Forces US Army brigade combat teams should be regionally realigned when it is financially and politically feasible to do so. Determining the benefits and shortfalls depend on how creative the US will be to create and deploy culturally savvy forces to any given region. Engagement in the Middle East, as an example, will require US personnel to be more culturally knowledgeable over the years to come. There is sufficient turmoil in the Middle East that the US Government will have no choice but to address realignment over the next decade. The US Army also has tough budgetary choices, particularly during the current personnel drawdown. While General Odierno, the Army Chief of Staff, has a great vision to create regionally aligned forces (RUF), most commands continue training in legacy combat tasks and doctrine. Realignment will be possible, when the political environment changes. Lack of doctrine to accomplish realignment is a shortcoming. For example, Army Doctrine Publication (ADP) 3-0, Unified Land Operations, is a recent publication of strategic relevance for the Army’s future. ADP 3-0 does not address any of the terms associated with realigning the force. Even ADP 5-0, the Operations Process, makes no mention of tactical, strategic issues, or realignment objectives. That is a mistake and military doctrine should articulate a plan to codify what the end state expectations are. The implied task is that all Army regulations (ARs), Army...
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...History of 60th ADA 60th ADA Regiment started out as the 60th Artillery regiment under the Coast Artillery Corps. This unit was brought up on December 23, 1917. This unit was comprised of Active, and National Guard Soldiers. They were active from world war one through the Cold War period to the Present. Their Coat of Arms consists of a longhorn cattle skull, a Spotlight, a Star, and a wall. 60th ADA’s motto states “We Rule The Heavens” or Coelis Imperamus. 60th ADA Regiment was set to fight with the American Expeditionary Forces on the Western Front in World War; This conflict was called the Battle of Saint-Mihiel. They also participated in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. After World War 1, 60th ADA became part of USAFFE’s Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays. They were tasked to provide air defense over Manila Bay and the southern section of the Bataan Peninsula. At this time they were fitted with 3-inch guns, which have a vertical range of 8,200 meters. 60th also had 37mm Guns and .50 caliber machine guns. One battery stationed in Fort Wint fell under attack and surrendered to the Japanese the december 5th following Pearl Harbor. August 1st, 1946 60th Coastal Artillery Regiment was redesignated as 60th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion. They were stationed at Fort Bliss, Texas. The Star on the Unit Crest is there partly due to the time when 60th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion was stationed in Texas. It Symbolized The Lone...
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...The 38th (Welsh) Division (initially the 43rd Division, later the 38th (Welsh) Infantry Division and then the 38th Infantry (Reserve) Division) of the British Army was active during both the First and Second World Wars. In 1914, the division was raised as the 43rd Division of Herbert Kitchener's New Army, and was originally intended to form part of a 50,000-strong Welsh Army Corps that had been championed by David Lloyd George; the assignment of Welsh recruits to other formations meant that this concept was never realised. The 43rd was renamed the 38th (Welsh) Division on 29 April 1915, and shipped to France later that year. It arrived in France with a poor reputation, seen as a political formation that was ill-trained and poorly led. The division's baptism by fire came in the first days of the Battle of the Somme, where it captured the Mametz Wood at the loss of nearly 4,000 men. This strongly held German position needed to be secured in order to facilitate the next phase of the Somme offensive; the Battle of Bazentin Ridge. Despite securing its objective, the division's reputation was adversely affected by miscommunication among senior officers. A year later it made a successful attack in the Battle of Pilckem Ridge, the opening of the Third Battle of Ypres. This action redeemed the division in the eyes of the upper hierarchy of the British military. In 1918, during the German Spring Offensive and the subsequent Allied Hundred Days Offensive, the division attacked several fortified...
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...SAMPLE OF OPORD http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/5-170/appc.htm Appendix C Sample Reconnaissance OPORD A sample reconnaissance OPORD is shown in Figure C-1. Figure C-1. Sample reconnaissance OPORD |______________________ | |Classification | | | |Copy 1 of 10 copies | |HQ, 99th Engineer Battalion | |NK111111 | |080500 JAN 97 | | | |OPERATION ORDER 97-11 | |References: ...
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...Images Project Paper Week Three HR587 Managing Organizational Change Professor Maxine Walker Mercedric Golden Keller Graduate School of Management Devry University The organization I decided to do my change analysis research paper is my Army Reserve unit located in Grand Prairie, TX. I was assigned to the unit after coming off active duty with the Army in September of 2009. The unit is a battalion sized training unit with ninety percent of its members being male Soldiers. The battalion mission is conduct training readiness oversight and mobilization of designated active and reserve component forces in the western are of responsibility in order to provide trained and ready forces to regional combatant commanders. The battalion supports pre-mobilization training for reserve component forces in accordance with our Higher Headquarters, First Army, Division West located at Fort Hood, TX. Some of the specific tasks of the unit is to assess and report pre-mobilization readiness for reserve component forces; conduct mobilization and demobilization operations; conduct counter-improvised explosive device, counter insurgency and escalation of force training; provide command and control over assigned and mobilized forces; and provide operational force protection. Most of these training tasks and activities have traditionally been performed by all male Soldiers since it has long been considered a male’s job to perform any type of combat related duty or training...
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...My Lai Massacre On the morning of March 16, 1968, soldiers of Charlie Company, a unit of the American Division's 11th Infantry Brigade arrived in the hamlet of My Lai in the northern part of South Vietnam. They were on a “search and destroy” mission to root out 48th Viet Cong Battalion thought to be in the area. The unit met no resistance in My Lai, which had about 700 inhabitants. Indeed, they saw no males of fighting age. They only found villagers eating breakfast. Nevertheless, over the next three hours they killed as many as 504 Vietnamese civilians. Some were lined up in a drainage ditch before being shot. The dead civilians included fifty ages 3 or younger, 69 between 4 and 7, and 27 in their 70s or 80s. Stabbed. Some victims were mutilated with the signature "C Company" carved into the chest. One soldier would testify later, "I cut their throats, cut off their hands, cut out their tongues, and scalped them. I did it. A lot of people were doing it and I just followed. I lost all sense of direction." Only one American was injured - a GI who had shot himself in the foot while clearing his pistol. America’s excuse When the American troops entered My Lai, they did not find any Viet Cong soldiers or weapons. Nonetheless, the platoon led by Second Lieutenant William Calley began to fire at what they claimed was an enemy position In response, the US Army initiated a program of...
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