...principles of ZEBs (Zero Energy Buildings) to it. Another phase of the project deals with establishing an ideal ZEB design in Rajasthan, taking into account all environmental factors. At the heart of the project is the belief that Renewable Energy can be integrated with infrastructure. Various types of sustainable analysis have been considered for the project, to be done on the BITS Library as well as a prototype ZEB. A few of them are passive and active solar studies, wind simulation, material variation and so on. Software used to do this are: Autodesk Project Vasari and Ecotect Analysis. Also used will be RETScreen. The project involves the use Autodesk Ecotect Analysis 2013 and Autodesk Project Vasari as 3D modelling software that will help in designing of an ideal Zero Energy Building. The word “asymptotic” is used in the title of this project, because a ZEB is basically an ideal concept. It cannot be ideally achieved, the design can only tend towards achieving a net zero energy balance. Using the power of these 2 software, a case study of the “BITS Pilani Library, Pilani Campus” is to be implemented and remodelled according to the various codes defined by LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) for ZEBs. Also, an ideal Zero Energy Building will be attempted using the same software tools. Buildings have a significant impact on energy use and the environment. Commercial and residential buildings use almost 40% of the primary energy and approximately 70% of...
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...Upton, an exemplar development with houses built to high levels of sustainability. The buildings pictured were designed by Gale & Snowden Architects Ltd, who also acted as ecological design consultants for the site. http:/ /www.ecodesign.co.uk Good Practice Guidance: Sustainable Design and Construction The purpose of the planning system is to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development ... ... To achieve sustainable development, economic, social and environmental gains should be sought jointly and simultaneously through the planning system ... ... Good design is a key aspect of sustainable development, is indivisible from good planning, and should contribute positively to making places better for people ... ... Local planning authorities should adopt proactive strategies to mitigate and adapt to climate change, taking full account of flood risk, coastal change and water supply and demand considerations ... National Planning Policy Framework, Department for Communities and Local Government, March 2012 Cross Sector Group on Sustainable Design and Construction August 2012 Contents Introduction Background The role of planning, and its relation to Building Regulations Formulating planning policies on sustainable design and construction Justifying local requirements: evidence and viability Examples of local plan policies Development management 03 04 05 06 06 07 08 Annex 1 – Example policies on sustainable design and construction ...
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...Designing a green building Designing a green building Mason Holmes GS1140 Mason Holmes GS1140 A zero-energy building is a building that gives back more electricity than it uses. By doing this, the owner actually saves a predicted $750 annually. The thought of the buildings sound very expensive, but as stated in this article, “With a $188,000 price tag -- only $9,000 more than Oakwood's Energy Star version of the same house -- it could soon be the most affordable net-zero home in the country. With about $750 in energy savings predicted annually, homeowners are expected to see a full return on their investment in less than 12 years.” (“Net-Zero Energy Buildings Take Hold in U.S., n.d.), you can see that for a house with solar panels and low-energy appliances that $188,000 is not bad for a four bedroom house that uses no air conditioning. GE or General Electric, have already started with these ideas and are teaming up with companies such as Tendril and Pacific Gas & Electric Co. to really get the upper hand in the smart home field. If I was to build a building of some sort that was “net-zero”, I would build a house, or houses for that matter. I would include various appliances that used little energy and water. Also, adding solar panels to the roof and possibly a smaller wind turbine on the side of the house would be very beneficial to generating power for all appliances in the home. I would build the house in a normally sunny region with moderate wind that has...
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...Thesis Proposal Air-conditioning Systems Simulation and Energy Saving and Economic Analysis for Waiting Hall of Tianjin Railway Station Introduction Energy saving of buildings is ever-increasingly emphasized by modern society. With the emergence of innovative technologies, new materials, and sophisticated architectural design, designers are hard to know the energy consumption of a building. It will reduce the real meaning of building's energy consumption test if we conduct this test on a building already built. Therefore, it is recommended to simulate a building's energy consumption within project design stages. Owing to the complexity of the air conditioning process and the mechanism of thermal components, the work of analysis and computation is time-consuming. Meanwhile, simulation software advantages over the traditional way in the application of design compare and equipment selection. In a nutshell, building energy simulation softwares play a vital role in the analysis of building energy consumption. Tianjin Railway Station is the main railway transport hub of Tianjin city. With the help of software to simulate its air conditioning system and conduct energy analysis, we can obtain some salutary design advices, which are beneficial to the energy saving of Tianjin Railway Station. Introduction to Waiting Hall of Tianjin Railway Station Tianjin Railway Station is located in the center of Tianjin, at the junction of Heping District, Hedong District...
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...1.8 Life Cycle Costing Purpose Life Cycle Costing (LCC) is an important economic analysis used in the selection of alternatives that impact both pending and future costs. It compares initial investment options and identifies the least cost alternatives for a twenty year period. As applied to building design energy conservation measures, the process is mandated by law and is defined in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 10, Part 436, Subpart A: Program Rules of the Federal Energy Management Program. The A/E shall contact local utility companies to determine available demand-side management programs and nocost assistance provided by these companies to designers and owners. Applications Basic applications of LCC are addressed within the individual chapters herein and may be further defined within an A-E’s design programming scope requirements. In general, LCC is expected to support selection of all building systems that impact energy use: thermal envelope, passive solar features, fenestration, HVAC, domestic hot water, building automation and lighting. However, LCC can also be applied to building features or involve costs related to occupant productivity, system maintenance, environmental impact and any other issue that impacts costs over time. It is very important to recognize the significance of integrated building systems design in the overall e iciency of the design. Methodology There are many established guidelines and computerbased tools that e ectively...
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...ENGINEERING OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS Current Trends in Low-Energy HVAC Design 04. CURRENT TRENDS IN LOW-ENERGY HVAC DESIGN Robert L. Tazelaar, PE, LEED AP, robert.tazelaar@arup.com ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to provide some insight into how HVAC systems are changing to meet the drive towards lower energy usage. The paper is primarily focusing on trends, observed by the author in designs which have been highlighted in research journals and project work. A case study is provided which highlights how some of the trends have been implemented on a current design. KEYWORDS: Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Dedicated Outside Air Systems (DOAS), Ventilation decoupling, Variable Air Volume (VAV) 1.0 INTRODUCTION Throughout the 20th century, trends in HVAC design have been determined largely by technological advances and energy costs. Engineers have always sought to find new ways to ensure occupant comfort, but the level of attention devoted to finding innovative ways to reduce energy use has fluctuated over the last few decades. When energy costs have risen, energy efficiency has become a priority; when they have been low, it has been less of a design driver. This article identifies several trends which are being used to reduce energy use in commercial buildings. The trends to be considered include decoupling of ventilation and heating/cooling, designing systems for optimal efficiency, increased analysis in system design, and ...
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...Efficient use and installation of Thermal Mass to utilize solar thermal energy Submitted to: Dr. M.S. Soni Submitted by: Prateek Jain(2011B1A4696P) Chintan Singhvi(2011B2A4811P) Contents ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................................... 3 KEY WORDS ................................................................................................................................................... 3 BASIC OPERATING PRINCIPLE ....................................................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 4 THEORY ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Data Collected: ............................................................................................................................................ 11 Analysis of material thermal properties and performance: ................................................................... 11 Measurements of the hostel rooms: ...........................
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...Introduction “This project is to introduce a new construction facility to house a state-of-the-art student union for MSOE, focusing on sustainability, green technologies, and renewable energy”. The Campus Center, or “CC” at Milwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE) is currently home to the student bookstore, administrative offices, a small café, a variety of classrooms for different disciplines, and a third-floor lounge area for students to gather to study or relax (Milwaukee School of Engineering, 2016). This aging building has served MSOE well for many years, but the growing school requires a proper student union to remain competitive with other top ranked schools in the Midwest. This project will provide a new construction facility to house a state-of-the-art student union for MSOE, focusing on sustainability, green technologies, and renewable energy sources to showcase the commitment of MSOE to the future health and well being of the Milwaukee area. 2. Risk Management Planning When analyzing the risks that takes place during the project planning phase. what is sometimes dificult to access is how the risk analysis should take place. The most dificult part of a project is getting things started. This plan is very detialed and it will take you through the steps of risk analysis in a graghic way. and using the example of this project which is to enhance and improve the overall project. The project will have a SOW that will be accomplished by using...
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...Impact of different window types in regulating natural ventilation of residential buildings of Dhaka, Bangladesh |Md. Nymul Haque¹ |Jinia Sharmeen² | |haque.nymul@gmail.com |jinia_lima@hotmail.com | Abstract Natural ventilation is most desirable for cooling and providing fresh air in residential buildings for better indoor air quality and thermal comfort. The natural ventilation performance is affected by a combination of internal and external factors. External factors include the location, the orientation, the prevailing wind speeds and the building forms of the residential development, which are subject to constraints beyond the control of site planners and architects. Whilst for internal factors like the openings configurations and window types, site planners and architects are always given free hand for a proper design. Dhaka, a city in the Tropics, has become such a city where with rapid urbanization users are moving towards mechanically ventilated buildings putting ever increasing demand on the dwindling energy resources. This paper focuses on the influences of window types on the natural ventilation of residential units in Dhaka in order to improve quality of indoor living environment. Primary objective of the study is an attempt to investigate...
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...CONTENTS 1. Selected rooms location 2. Preliminary analysis for default and assigned building material set 3. Preliminary comparison of performance of the two (2) apartment units 3.1. Alternative 2: Split; mech vent with cooling 4. Preliminary comparison of performance of the two different cooling systems. 5. Appendix – Building performance simulation results spreadsheet. (1) Selected Rooms Location Figure (1): Typical Floor Plan of the apartment and selected units (2) Preliminary analysis for default and assigned building material set HVAC: Split; mech vent with cooling Energy/Carbon simulation Default Alternative 2 230 kW/m2 214 kW/m2 119.39 kgCO2/m2 110.99 kgCO2/m2 Explanation • Based on above-mentioned result, the design energy use in intensity of Alternative 2 was more preferable than Default. • This is because the energy usages difference in between these two mainly depends on the different...
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...1 District Cooling Plant : Refrigeration Plant Simulation Dr. Chirdpun Vitooraporn Department of Mechanical Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Rd., Patumwan, Bangkok, 10300. THAILAND E-mail: fmecvt@kankrow.eng.chula.ac.th Worachat Jiratthitijaroen Graduate student Department of Mechanical Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Rd., Patumwan, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND ABSTRACT At present the energy cost is one of the most important factors on the manufacturing, managing, maintenance, and etc. Energy saving is being received more and more attention. This is resulted in new invention and technology to utilize energy in the more efficient way. Moreover many new concepts on energy management are being implemented with the aim to reduce energy cost. The district cooling plant is one of many concepts involved in energy management on the air conditioning system in the buildings. The concept is to centralize the air conditioning system in the mega area into one plant. This paper presents the way to simulate the refrigeration plant by using the black box equipment model. Performance data of many equipment are collected such as chillers, pumps, and cooling towers. Data are collected at various working conditions. Thirteen configurations of chiller plant with eleven cooling load profiles are used to compare the performance of each configuration in order to provide some guidance for selecting the best suitable plant. Computer program is developed and used to analyze...
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...Activity Guide 2012-13 Sub-Theme-VI Energy Planning and Modelling Page 85 Activity Guide 2012-13 Working Group of the sub-theme Prof. A. Srinivasan Mr. Jayanta Kr Sarma Dr. Lalit Sharma Sheeraz Kirmani Dr. Kishor Kumar Baruah Mr. Sandeep Bhattacharjee Page 86 Activity Guide 2012-13 Energy Planning and Modelling 1. Introduction Planning is a process for developing a system and approach to fulfil a predefined goal and objectives on the basis of assessing the present scenario. Planning is meant for betterment. This betterment can be the strengthening resource base, efficient resource utilization and fulfilment of human needs. In case of energy planning it is targeted for meeting the present energy needs in an optimum and efficient way so that it may not destroy its ability to meet the future needs. Planning is a process for accomplishing purposes. It is a blue print of growth and a road map of development. It helps in deciding objectives both in quantitative and qualitative terms. It is setting of goals on the basis of objectives and keeping in the resources. A plan can play a vital role in helping to avoid mistakes or recognize hidden opportunities. Planning helps in forecasting the future, makes the future visible to some extent. It bridges between where we are and where we want to go. Planning is looking ahead. Forecasting is the process of making statements about events whose actual outcomes (typically) have not yet been observed. A commonplace example might be estimation...
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...evaluation in partial fulfillment for the requirement of the Two Year (Full-Time) Post Graduate Diploma in Management. Rajshree Gupta Prof. S. K. Jain TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr.No. Particulars PREFACE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rooftop PV Systems : An Introduction 1.2 Overview of the Global and Indian Experience Initiatives 1.3 Central initiatives State Initiatives 2. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY LITERATURE REVIEW 3. 4. METHODOLOGY & KEY ELEMENTS 5. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SHIFT 5.1 Why Solar makes sense SOLAR RESOURCE AVAILABILITY IN 6. DELHI Delhi’s Geographic Potential for Rooftop 6.1 Installations Methodology for calculating the solar rooftop 6.2 potential for different land areas in Delhi 6.2.1 Residential Buildings 6.2.2 Commercial Buildings 6.2.3 Industrial Buildings 6.2.4 Government Buildings 6.3 Consumer Categories for solar PV Factors that could impact the potential for 6.4 Rooftop Solar 6.4.1 Factors that could increase the potential 6.4.2 Factors that could decrease the potential 6.5 Delhi’s Existing Solar Policies and Incentives INTEGRATION OF SOLAR PV WITH THE 7. GRID (PROPOSAL) Case Study: Gandhinagar solar rooftop program 7.1 (2012 and on-going) 7.2...
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...Green Technology: A Cost Benefit Analysis of Business going Green Cost Benefit Analysis of Green Technology. I. Introduction Many business owners fear the costs associated with going green and although the net return varies according to the sector, in most cases these fears are unwarranted. Sustainable business practices should be evaluated based on a cost/benefit analysis. The benefits for things like brand reputation and employee loyalty, must be weighed against the costs and risks. When considering the value of sustainable practices businesses need to be notified of a wide range of benefits. Human resources are a good example of a department that benefits from greener practices. According to The Harvard Business Review’s summary of a number of green building studies, green facilities have been shown to increase the productivity of employees. Research further reveals that retailers who installed skylights saved energy and boosted sales by as much as 40 percent. Other research has indicated that loyalty and morale are positively impacted by a green workplace. Greening a physical environment contributes to health and reduces sick days. MonsterTRACK.com study revealed that people want to work for a company that is green. These factors enable green companies to attract and retain the best people, while saving human resources time and money. Green initiatives can save money, strengthen...
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...BUILDING GREEN - PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES BUILDING GREEN - PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES CHANDRA PRAKASH KAMANA1- V.S.R.S SARMA SALAGRAMA2 chandraprakashk66@yahoo.in svsrssarma353@gmail.com Dr. E.E ESCULTURA3 escultur36@yahoo.com 1&2: B.Tech Mechanical , G.V.P College of Engineering and Student Members, Indian Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air conditioning Engineers, Visakhapatnam Chapter 3: Research Professor, Lakshmikantham Institute for Advanced Studies and Departments of Mathematics and Physics, GVP College of Engineering, JNT University, Madhurawada, Visakhapatnam, AP India Abstract Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for future generations. A sustainable building, or green building is an outcome of a design which focuses on- environment friendly design, energy efficiency, water conservation, rain water harvesting, sewage treatment, recycling of treated effluent, zero waste water discharge, fire safety, excellent indoor air quality, day lighting, and building management including lighting controls by lux level as well as occupancy, and fresh air on demand. Air conditioning consumes nearly 25% of world energy and a major contribution can be made by this industry towards reducing global warming. We keep our homes and work places cool in summer and warm in winter. The sum total of all...
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