...Scandal in Burkina Faso • In late 2011 people discovered source of some of Limited Brand’s imported cotton• Cotton specifically used in Victoria’s Secret • Came from impoverished cotton farms– Child labor– Abuse– Unpaid workers cotton used in many of Victoria's Secret's products is actually produced by a company that largely relies on forced child laborers. The report follows the heartbreaking story of 13-year-old Clarisse, who works at a Burkina Faso farm that supplies much of Victoria's Secret's cotton. * Issues: Seen in a bad light due to the child slave labor * Bad publicity to their name * Unethical company * Oppurtunities: Support Fair Trade * Raise money and awareness for child practices * Become more involved with the Fair Trade Federation * Visit, fix, support the farms they buy from to assure proper environmental health, safety, and labor standards * Digital Strategies • VictoriasSecret.com- offers, deals, organized- VS ALL Access • Email Marketing- new product= email blast customers • Mobile Marketing- apps for iPhone, iPad, Android phones • TV/ Radio Ads- popular super bowl ads- Thefuture.fm- Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show •Victoria’s Secret Catalogue– Direct marketing approach– $220 million a year is spent on the catalogs sent to customers homes Major Strengths • Market Leader • Extremely good atadvertising– E-mails, TV commercials,Fashion Shows, Facebook,Twitter, etc. ($66 million peryear)– Traditional and DigitalMarketing ...
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... Conditions Communication Strategy: Victoria’s Secret In December of 2011, Bloomberg News published an article that brought up allegations against Victoria’s Secret regarding one of their overseas suppliers. The news report stated that child labor laws were being violated by their cotton manufacturer in Burkina Faso, which is an undeveloped country located in West Africa (Simpson, 2011). This cotton is used in a small portion of VS panty styles, and the brand chose this supplier because they were certified as a Fairtrade, organic rain-fed, and pesticide free cotton. They also chose this supplier because this country struggled with poverty, and wanted the opportunity to create “life-changing opportunities for some of the world’s poorest women (lbrands.com).” According to the US Labor Department, Burkina Faso has had multiple reports of child labor instances, including forced child labor or forced labor among their women (Levs, 2011). After hearing these allegations, it was necessary for VS to take action immediately in addressing this matter, and they responded with an investigations of the UNPCB, the government of Burkina Faso, and Fairtrade International (lbrands.com). Their quick action was needed in order to show that they took the matters seriously and to prevent tarnishing the brand image. In times of crisis, there is a need for strategic corporate communication, to address the key stakeholders of the organization. Victoria’s Secret has important...
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...victoriassecret.com, where social media is also found, which help Victoria’s Secret stay in touch with their consumers, by making announcements of future new merchandise and offer special promotions. Arguably the most important marketing strategy is Victoria’s Secret fashion show – the epitome of glamour and glitz and a huge marketing machine. The retail chain expands into new products by taking advantage of their brand name, (ex; their new perfume; “Bombshell In Love”. They develop a strong brand and have been able to leverage its name in other products. Ethical & Legal Issues (solutions, perspectives and recommendations) U4 ISSUE: VS brought cotton from a company called Burkina Faso, which had a deal to ensure that the cotton is organic and fair-trade, but in Dec 2011, Bloomberg revealed that Faso was using child labour to gather the cottons. On line of VS that has been contreversal is the line called “Backstage Sexy”, where some stores arranged “mannequins (that were) blind folded and arranged in various sexual positions” in front view of the store. Many consumers began avoiding shopping at the store due to potential negative influence on their young. But the store`s mannequins displays were to represent the models preparing for a fashion show. “Anthony Hebron, spokesman for Limited Brands, the parent company of Victoria’s Secret, describes “Backstage Sexy,” as just another edgy nation-wide marketing campaign to boost sagging lingerie sales.“ SOLUTION: Victoria’s...
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...Jazz Mason 2/21/2013 AFAM The Urban Heritage of West Africa Africa is a vast country with an infinite amount of history, resources, and life. Africa also holds the roots of our family and ancestors more specifically, West Africa. West Africa is the 2.5 miliion squares miles of land that most of the black people of America originate from. West Africa is nearly the size of the United States and stretches from the countries of Chad to Senegal. The urban heritage of West Africa is endless in the numerous cities and town that dot the area. West Africa is dominated by people, in Nigeria alone there are an estimated 100 million people. There are numerous countries in Africa including Ghana, Mali, Senegal, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Benin, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Togo and a few others. Today there are nearly 180 million inhabitants of West Africa. The area is rich with resources and agriculture is plentiful. The area is not all grasslands and deserts as we are taught and assume, its filled with millions of people and culture. More than ¾ of West Africa is vast grasslands similar to those in North America. These grasslands are usually watered by river systems which makes the land extremely fertile. According to the book, The Urban heritage of West Africa, “the flood plains of the western Niger River are nearly the size of Portugal and intensely cultivated.” Other river systems include the mighty Volta, the Benue, Senegal, Gambia and many other smaller rivers which agriculture thrives...
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...Slavery in the Chocolate Industry Day to day many of us consumers just buy products in stores and consume them without really thinking how and where they came from. Surprisingly the chocolate industry yields approximately 13 billion dollars annual. This number is very high although, should be a reasonably lower since there is slavery in the chocolate industry. Child slavery has been increasing over the past decade in Ghana and the Ivory Coast. Greed and corruption has in the past decade ruined the morality of the chocolate industry. It has also ruined countless lives and families in the process of making an already wealthy individual even wealthier. There are many surrounding issues behind the child slavery in the chocolate industry. The underlying problems are systemic, corporate, and individual issues. The systemic issues are that even though these are put in place, they are rarely enforced. This is a main concern because there are many “open borders and a large shortage of enforcement officers.” The oaths and outlooks of local officers are altered by bribery of money and other materialistic items and privileges from the members of the slave trade. Many cocoa farmers believe that slavery is the only way to lower the already low prices even more. Recently the prices fell from 67 cents a pound to 51 cents a pound due to global forces (which are no control to the farmers). The problem is these farmers are already making a substantial amount of money. They are just being...
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...can explain the changing society and how we can apply it to our project in terms of understanding how the Nigerian society has responded to different periods of change, also how these women feel in these societies. “Foucault and Young, 1981, M. Foucault, The order of discourse, R. Young (Ed.), Untying the text: A post-structuralist reader, Routledge, London (1981), pp. 48–79.” I have chosen the reference above as my group project will use Foucault’s discourse. We intend on using discourse to understand the EU and Nigerian governments stance on women trafficking and what they have done to prevent it from happening, by reviewing the different policy documents. A. SUMMARY: The text focuses on desertification in Ghana and northern Burkina Faso. It’s focus is on the droughts and floodings that happen in the region due to climate change, also how these issues are interlinked. The main argument in the text is concerned with, which of the two, droughts or floods, is the greater issue. The empirical case mainly focuses on desertification related issues. drought has the upper hand in the battle of discourse in the regions, as that seems to be more of a problem that they can solve compared to flooding which is usually associated with a religious connotation i.e. “act of God”. The government and NGO’s also find it problematic and expensive to apply methods to tackle flooding.The concept that is used is discourse, to get a sense of the public opinion on the matter. They also noticed...
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...1.1 Background to the Study Occurrences of regional integration in Africa can be traced back to the colonial era. One of the incidents was in 1894 when the British constructed the Uganda-Kenya Railway which was used to transport raw materials such as coffee and tea from the Kenyan and Ugandan highlands to the British industries. In West Africa the French established the French West Africa in 1890 which comprised of states such as Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote D’Ivoire, French Guinée, Mali, Niger, and Senegal: this French West states became what is now known today as CFA (African Financial Community) Franc Zone. These colonial masters were not aiming at Regional integration rather it was at advancing their administrative control in the regions (Dinka, 2007, p. 7). During the struggle for independence, regional integration was seen as a tool of liberation and development in Africa by Pan-African thinkers and nationalists such as Julius Nyerere. Therefore most of the integration efforts done at the time were considered as efforts of fighting foreign dependence and underdevelopment (Adetula, 2004, p. 15). Since independence, virtually all African countries have embraced regionalism. Today, there are more regional organizations in Africa than in any other continent and most African countries are members of more than one regional organization (Dinka, 2007, p. 11). Motives for regional integration include: economic, political interests, social and the need for greater international bargaining...
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...Burkina Faso Boxer in Africa To make it in nigeria, you need to be Stronger for Longer Bajaj presence in Africa • Africa’s no. 1 brand with over 3 Million Boxers sold • Manufactured in India, sold in over 32 African countries • Widest exclusive distribution network across Africa Always insist on • • • • Optimum performance Prolonged life of components Economic maintenance Riders’ safety DR CONGO BOXER, MADE STRONGER TO LAST LONGER Dealer Stamp & Address 150 100 ENGINE ENGINE 4 stroke natural air cooled 144.8cc 8.83kW at 7500 rpm 12.26 Nm at 5000 rpm Engine Type Displacement Max Net power Max Net torque 4 stroke natural air cooled 99.27cc 6.03kW (8.2Ps) at 7500 rpm 8.05 Nm at 4500 rpm Engine Type Displacement Max Net power Max Net torque SUSPENSION SUSPENSION Telescopic type SNS type Front Suspension Rear Suspension Telescopic type SNS type Front Suspension Rear Suspension BRAKES Front & Rear Brake Mech. Expanding shoe type BRAKES Front & Rear Brake Mech. Expanding shoe type TYRES Front tyre size Rear tyre Size 3.00 x 17 100/90 x 17 TYRES Front tyre size Rear tyre Size ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Battery Head Lamp 12 V – 5 Ah 35 / 35 W ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Battery Head Lamp DIMENSIONS LxWxH Wheel Base Kerb Weight POWER 12 HP STRONG CHASSIS ELECTRIC START ALLOY WHEELS 2016mm x 740mm x 1055mm 1285mm 123 kg ...
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...created by the Mossi people of Burkina Faso. The piece was created around 1500 when the Mossi invaded the Dogon and some of the Dogon remained and continued to make their art. The mask is made of wood and used the subtraction method to make this mask from one single piece. The mask features a single clearly female figure on top of the mask. The mid-sagittal crest atop her head is an indication of its origin, the Yatenga area. The crest atop her head also serves as a line of symmetry for the mask. The piece is perfectly symmetrical. The mask also strongly represents the art of the neighboring people, the Dogon. The figure is seen to have an oval and relatively plain face. The piece is 66.7 cm tall and 14 inches wide. The mask below the figure is also shaped in an oval and is also very plain. The piece remains in an unpainted form. Eyelets on the side of the mask had been placed to increase the stability of the mask for the performer. The mask is also in exceptional condition. The use of this mask serves to honor an elderly woman, called a Wemba, who displayed great wisdom and experience in their lives, during their funeral. Many more qualifications are required, to be considered a Wemba, such as outliving her husband. The woman is seen to be carved not at her old age, but at the peak of her physicality, immediately after the birth of her first born child Works Cited Roy, Christopher D,, Professor. "Burkina Faso; Mossi Peoples." Burkina Faso; Mossi Peoples. School of Art...
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...Winfred91@gmail.com send the work to this mail. Samuel Asare Knutsford University Writing Skills Topic: High Rates of Literacy What is Illiteracy? The condition of being unable to read and write, and also the condition or quality of being ignorant or unknowledgeable in a particular subject or field. Causes. Parents with little schooling; Lack of books at home and lack of stimulation as to the importance of reading; Doing badly at or dropping out of school—many have not completed high school; Troublesome living conditions, including neediness; Learning incapacities, for example, dyslexia, and so on. Effects. Limited ability to obtain and understand essential information; Unemployment: The unemployment rate is 2–4 times higher among those with little schooling than among those with Bachelor’s degrees; Lower pay; Lower-quality occupations; Lessened access to deep rooted learning and expert advancement; Reduced access to lifelong learning and professional development; Low self-regard, which can prompt separation; Discussion. According to new data released by the UIS, literacy rates for adults and youth continue to rise. Young women aged 15-24 are making the strongest...
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...All about Japan Japan formally Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally "[the] State of Japan") is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is often referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, which together comprise about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with over 126 million people. Honshū's Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents. Japan first appears in written history in the Chinese Book of Han. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the most powerful kingdom on the archipelago during the 3rd century was called Yamataikoku. Buddhism was first introduced to Japan from Baekje of Korea, but the subsequent development of Japanese Buddhism was primarily influenced by China. Despite early resistance, Buddhism was promoted by the ruling class and gained widespread acceptance beginning in the Asuka period (592–710). Japan is a constitutional monarchy where the power of the Emperor is...
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...Dictatorship in Africa The early 20th century was marked by the development of several dictatorships, Western Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America. In Africa, some countries have summers or are still run by men with evocative names like Kaddafi in Libya, and Mobutu in Congo ex Zaire. Dictatorship has several causes and also consequences, but there are also some solutions to fight this scourge. Dictatorship is a political system that almost always involves tyranny because it is directed by one man or sometimes a small group who hold all the powers: judicial, legislative and executive. Dictatorship is established and maintained by violence with the support of the army (coup or civil war). There are several causes for dictatorship in Africa. The first cause is the economic. When the people do not have jobs, they follow someone who can help them. For example we have Kaddafi who became president after economic crisis in Libya, and then he became a dictatorship and controls everything in the country of Libya. The second cause of dictatorship is the bait of gain. Some people just want power and they take it by force. It is the case of Mobutu, who just took power in Congo. He get help of some Europe’s countries. He was a dictatorship very cruel; and he was drinking the blood of people. Another cause of dictatorship is the inefficiency of parliaments. The countries under a command of a dictatorship does not have a real parliament because all the power is in the hands of the president...
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...association between chocolate and child labor in the Cote d'Ivoire. Young boys whose ages range from 12 to 16 have been sold into slave labor and are forced to work in cocoa farms in order to harvest the beans, from which chocolate is made, under inhumane conditions and extreme abuse. This West African country is the leading exporter of cocoa beans to the world market. Cocoa farms in the Cote d'Ivoire are violating children's human rights in two ways: they are involved in trafficking the children and are also the site of forced labor. There are about 600,000 cocoa farms in Cote d'Ivoire (Child Labor Coalition). Estimates of the number of children forced to work as slaves on these farms are as high as 15,000. Although some children come from Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Togo, most of the trafficked children come from Mali. More than 5.000 children work in the cocoa plantations in Ivory Coast without being victims of slavery, according to the results of an investigation of the International office of Work (the ILO) made public in Abidjan. Hubert Oulaye, Minister of the Ivory Coast for the Public office and Employment affirmed that an investigation carried resulted in 1.500 producers divided in 250 villages and localities and 39 sub-prefectures in the cocoa production zones. The Ivory Coast was regarded these last years in West Africa as one of the most important destinations of the traffic of children, employees in particular like cheap labour in the cocoa plantations, of which it is...
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...Why uyyyyy your youndhsjxbsqndjdj chdhcndiucndSahel, Arabic Sāḥil, Sahel [Credit: NSSL/NOAA]semiarid region of western and north-central Africa extending from Senegal eastward to The Sudan. It forms a transitional zone between the arid Sahara (desert) to the north and the belt of humid savannas to the south. The Sahel stretches from the Atlantic Ocean eastward through northern Senegal, southern Mauritania, the great bend of the Niger River in Mali, Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta), southern Niger, northeastern Nigeria, south-central Chad, and into The Sudan. The semiarid steppes of the Sahel have natural pasture, with low-growing grass and tall, herbaceous perennials. Other forage for the region’s livestock (camel, pack ox, and grazing cattle and sheep) includes thorny shrubs and acacia and baobab trees. The thorny scrub once formed a woodland, but the country is now more open and relatively traversable by motor vehicle. The terrain is chiefly of the savanna type, with little continuous cover and a dangerous tendency to merge into desert because of overstocking and overfarming. At least eight months of the year are dry, and rain, confined to a short season, averages 4–8 inches (100–200 mm), mostly in June, July, and August. There are also wide areas of pasturage watered by the flooding Niger and Sénégal rivers. Modest crops of millet and peanuts (groundnuts) can be raised in many areas. In the second half of the 20th century, the Sahel was increasingly afflicted by...
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...MKT 382 | International Marketing | THE COUNTRY NOTEBOOK A GUIDE FOR DEVELOPING A MARKETING PLAN Name of Country : Benin Name of the Company: Pran Products: food items Date of Submission: 19/12/2012 Company Overview Pran Foods Limited “PRAN” is currently one of the most admired food & beverages brand among the millions of people of Bangladesh and other 82 countries of the world where PRAN Products are regularly being exported. ‘PRAN’ started its operation in 1981 as a processors fruit and vegetable in Bangladesh. Over the years, the company has not only grown in stature but also contributed significantly to the overall socio-economic development of the country PRAN is currently producing more than 200 food products under 10 different categories i.e. Juices, Drinks, Mineral Water, Bakery, Carbonated beverages, Snacks, Culinary, Confectionery, Biscuits & Dairy. The company has adopted ISO 9001 as a guiding principle of its management system. The company is complaint to HACCP & certified with HALAL which ensures only the best quality products are reaches to the consumers table across the Globe. Mission “ TO GENERATE EMPLOYMENT AND EARN DIGNITY & SELF RESPECTFOR OUR COMPATRIOTS THROUGH PROFITABLE ENTERPRISES.” Vission “Improving Livelihood” PRAN takes a comprehensive approach to all kinds of agro processed food products, considering all of the ways their lives can be enriched through ensuring hygienic and...
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