...Business Interests of Organized Crime Groups Mary Weyer August 20, 2011 Business Interests of Organized Crime Groups Organized crime groups are infecting the United States at an increasing rate. The temptation of making fast easy money to people in low income areas is too great to resist. Legitimate businesses are at risk of being victimized by organized crime theft and fraud activities New World Encyclopedia, 2008). No one is safe from organized crime and its danger. Organized crime victimizes businesses, individuals, provides illegal services, and provides illegal goods. The main goal of organized crime is to make as much money as they can through any means be it legal or illegal. What are the business interests of organized crime groups? The business interest of organized crime is running a web of web sites scams. These scams claim that they are in trouble and need money. The goal of the scam is to get as many people as they can to send them money. Human trafficking is where individuals are sold for forced agricultural labor, forced industrial labor, and sexual exploitation (Lyman, 2007). Human trafficking includes children, women, and men. Money that has been embezzled or acquired through illegal services or goods will be placed in a legal business that they have set up for the purpose of laundering so it appears to have been acquired legally. Organized crime groups sell drugs in the United States and all over the...
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...To minimize loss and maximize return on investment the small business owner with a limited security budget must plan carefully in order to be able to choose security measures that can deter and even prevent criminal activity. Protection of assets is a top priority for any business due to the repercussions that theft can have on the business, such as: loss of productivity, diminished morale around staff and unscheduled spending to replace stolen items. A small business with a limited security budget should choose to use devices that have been proven to increase security, concentric circles of protection should be set up around the asset, which in this case is the inside of the building itself. Inner perimeter control should be the first thing to be addressed by the business, proper landscaping has to be used in order to promote safety and security; some of the things that can be done to encourage this is to trim any tall bushes and trees around the business that can be used as hiding spots by criminals. One of the least expensive yet very effective security mechanisms is proper lighting, by using perimeter lighting the likelihood of detection is higher, which would create a psychological barrier even if a physical fence is not allowed. The type of lamps that should be used in the parking lot are Quartz lamps since they emit a very bright light and have a short start up time. Any doors and windows that lead to the inside of the building must also be appropriately lit. Another...
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...Correlations Between Population Demographics and Crime Table of Contents Executive Summary: 3 Project Goal: 3 Data Description: 3 Techniques Used: 4 Clustering: 4 Segment Profile: 5 Regression: 7 Decision Tree: 8 Model Comparison: 9 Knowledge, interpretation and conclusion 9 Executive Summary: This summary presents findings of the data mining techniques used in the Crime Statistics by City dataset. The aim of the project is to enhance the knowledge and hands on experience on EM tool and to make appropriate projections about crime rates in cities. Project Goal: Our goal is to determine the similarities between cities and their demographics. Data Description: Our dataset contains demographic data based on race, income, and other factors by city and includes different types of crime. The types include gun owners, convicted felons, race, and income. Examples of cities include Detroit, Chicago, New York, Houston, and Spring Field. Techniques Used: Clustering: As seen above, a large number of cities have similar demographics and were clustered together. Cluster 19 and cluster 7 hold the majority of cities. Population is the most important variable in determining cluster association. Segment Profile: The segment profile suggests that segment 19 holds a higher mean income than that of the overall population. Segment 7 is the opposite, it holds a lower mean income than the overall population. This suggests that …. Segment 19 and...
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...Controlling Organized Crime University of Phoenix CJA/384 March 20, 2012 Jessica Vesey Controlling Organized Crime Law enforcement agencies have always tried to control criminal organizations because when these organizations have strength in numbers it is difficult for agencies to get a handle on their activities and keep them from expanding further. The larger the organization the harder it is to monitor and control their behavior. Criminal organizations gain strength during times of economic hardship; one major example of this would be during the time of Prohibition. During that time whomever had the alcohol had the power and this was a time that organized crime flourished because they offered people that cooperated with them a part of the profits from this lucrative partnership. As long as there are situations in which a person or group can make more money doing something illegal, no matter what the risk, those people will take advantage of the situation to gain as money and power as possible. Especially since many of these organizations know that law enforcement agencies are limited on what they can and cannot do when it comes to breaking down the structure of the criminal organization. The best ways to try and control these organizations and stop them from continuing such illegal activities would be to establish harsher punishments and create a no tolerance policy for such organizations; while allowing agencies the ability to infiltrate the suspected organization...
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...Computer Crimes Andy Berg Professor Gregorio Chavarria CIS Information Technology and Crime 15 January 2012 Defining computer crime effectively is a daunting and difficult task. Nevertheless there are four general categories of criminal crime, including (1) the computer as an instrument of crime, (2) the computer as a target, (3) the computer as incidental to crime, and (4) crimes associated with the prevalence of computers. (Taylor, & Fritsch, 2011) The first category, the computer as an instrument of crime is basically using the computer to facilitate the crime. The criminal introduces a program to manipulate the computer's analytical processes, thereby facilitating the crime. The computer is used to connect to networks so the criminal can do such crimes as fraud, theft of service, theft, threats and even harassment. Another method involves converting legitimate computer processes for illegitimate purposes. Crimes in this category include fraudulent use of automated teller machine (ATM) cards and accounts; theft of money from accrual, conversion, or transfer accounts; credit card fraud; fraud from computer transactions (stock transfers, sales, or billings); and telecommunications fraud. Crimes in which the computer is the target include such offenses as theft of intellectual property, theft of marketing information (e.g., customer lists, pricing data, or marketing plans), or blackmail based on information gained from computerized files (e.g., medical information...
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... | |Categories of Computer Crimes | |Tanga R. Payne | |Professor Nicole Gray | | | |Information Technology in Criminal Justice | | | |10/23/2012 | | | Cybercrime has been an ongoing problem in the United States for the past 30 years; however, the emergence of global digital terrorism has been a major concern. Computer crime has been documented as early as the 1960’s and 1970’s and it was not a real concern, for these crime were mediocre pranks performed...
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.........................................................................................................9 Challenges…………………………………………………………………………………………9 Policing Strategies……………………………………………………………………………......10 Conclusion…………………………………………….…………………………………………..10 References…………………………………………………………….…………………………..11 I. Introduction There are various definitions available which describe the phrase ‘Money Laundering’. Article 1 of the draft European Communities (EC) Directive of March 1990 defines it as the process by which large amounts of illegally obtained money (from drug trafficking, terrorist activity or other serious crimes) is given the appearance of having originated from a legitimate source. In Rwanda context, the crime Money Laundering is defined under article 2, paragraph 1 of law no 47/2008 of 09 September 2008 on prevention and penalizing the crime of money laundering and financing terrorism. If it is done successfully, it allows the criminals to maintain control over their proceeds and ultimately to provide a legitimate cover for their source of income. Money laundering plays a fundamental role in facilitating the ambitions of the drug trafficker, the terrorist, the organized criminals, the insider dealer, the tax evader as well as the many others who...
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...classification of crime - Crime is conduct that is prohibited and punished by a government - Can be violation of common law or statutory - A misdeameanor is punishable by a fine or less than a year in prison ( any theft is a misdeamenor ) - A felony is a crime that is punishable by imprisonment or death Bassis of criminal liability - A mental state is the defendant does not have to know that the act is criminal; it is sufficient that the act was done voluntarily . - Act of omission – an act or omission of a required act must actually take place - Harm may occur but ir is not a required element for an act to be classified as a crime Responsibility for criminal acts - Corporate liability - Officers and agents of corporations may be held responsible for the criminal acts of their employees. Liability may attach when employees fail to act. U.S. v Erickson convictions were upheld; defendents intentionally backdated documents. - penalty for crime: forfeiture is a penalty for a crime - penalties for business and white collar crimes Courts now apply percentage of revenues when calculating corporate fines and penalties Mandatory prison sentences for officers. US senstencing commission. - Sarbances oxley basically was criminal fraud and white collar crime Substantically increases penalties for corporate crimes Mail and wire fraud penaties Indemnification of crime victims - Penalties...
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...White Collar Crime is committed by professionals generally in the context of their employment. White Collar Crime includes Ponzi Schemes, Insider Trading, Bribery, etc. White Collar Crime is looked at with three different theories, the Control Theory, the Social Disorganization Theory and the Strain Theory. The Control Theory “suggests that there are inner and outer controls which impact an individual’s decision to commit crimes. If these controls are not present, then a person will be more likely to commit crimes. This theory focus on why people do not commit crimes.” The Social Disorganization Theory “examines the environment in which people grow up. The further away from the inner city business districts and slums areas, the less likely people are to commit crimes. It is the degree of social disorganization that exists in the inner-lying communities that increase the likelihood of criminal behavior.” The Strain Theory “explores the frustration that occurs when society deems...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crimes CJA/384 June 17, 2013 Personal Perception of Organized Crimes There are many thoughts that may come to mind when organized crime is mentioned. The perception that I have about organized crime is that these crimes are well organized and well thought out. For many criminals, crime is the only thing that they know. Many of them make crime their life. The individuals that are involved in organized crime have goals that they want to meet and achieve. To most criminal acts are wrong, but to a person that is involved in organized crime it is a normal part of life. In this paper we will describe and define organized crime. I will also compare my perception to the definitions of weekly readings. Lastly, I will determine what characteristics I believe are associated with organized crime behavior. When I first thought about organized crime the first thing that comes to mind is the mafia or gangsters such as Godfather or the Soprano’s. These are per say well organized criminal groups that deal and gamble their way to success and commit violence in order to get what they want. However, the UNODC defines organized crime as a criminal act that threatens peace and human security, violates the rights of humans, and undermines economic, culture, social and the development of societies across the world (UNODC, 2013). Throughout the world there are many different ways to define organized crimes. It is important to understand the main key...
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...Final Paper Nick Beech Fort Hays State University A contemporary analysis of the term “white collar crime” is as pertinacious as various concepts within the realm of the Criminal Justice System. According to fbi.gov, there are a host of crimes ranging from health care fraud to computer crime amassed under the umbrella of white collar crime. In addition, the term is widely utilized by both criminologists and sociologists alike, incorporating a mass of non-violent behaviors related to pecuniary fraud. Beyond the fundamental description, currently there is a pervasive inaptness and disciplinary criticism of the definition and application of white collar crime. An assortment of criminologists with the focal point being on state and federal law, contend that many of the behaviors society believes to be white collar crimes are in fact not crimes at all. Short of a statute to delineate whether specific conduct is labeled as a criminal violation of law, behaviors tend to be categorized by individual standards rather than in the context. An individual evaluation of what is or is not deviant allows for a subjective approach that softens the scientific objectivity of criminology (Tappan 1977). Furthermore, the Criminal Justice system was assembled upon the foundation of individual culpability. This presents difficulties when criminal acts involve cooperative intricacies. The penalty phase in regards to the corporate criminal action was not intended to impose sanctions against groups...
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...force is highly educated and intelligent allowing for the agreement of the incentive plan focusing on reducing reported crimes in the city. The experiment is designed to determine if an incentive pay program can increases police productivity. Indentifying the experiments control group, pilot group, independent variable, and dependent variables are essential to determining the experiment’s reliability and validity. Experiment The city of Orange California entered into agreement with the City of Orange Police Association to increase officers pay based on reported crimes in four categories, rape, burglary, robbery, and auto theft. Murder and assault were not included in the incentive plan because homicide and assault are considered a crime of passion, and larceny frequently involves theft from businesses (Staudohar, n.d., p. 520). The incentive plan could increase the agreed 7.5 percent pay increase in 1973 and six percent in 1974. The incentive increase for a reduction of 10% is an additional 2% and 3% for a reduction of 12% in reported crime (Staudohar, n.d., p. 520). In 1973 and 1974, the police officers received the maximum pay increases allowed by the contract. The qualitative factors considered in determining police productivity, is the reduction in response time, and overall feeling of citizen security. The quantitative factor is the reduction of crime in the city of Orange by the end of the experiment. Control and Pilot Group...
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...The common crime is what we can see in daily life and it can impact almost everyone like homicide, violence and sexual assault. There are 496 homicides, 161000 violence plus 295 attempted murders, 18000 sexual assaults in 2005. (ABS (2005); ABS (2006a); NSW, SA, Vic and TAS police jurisdictions (unpublished data); AFP (2006)) In the chart of Incidents and costs of crime in 2003, there are nearly 7% of incidents of homicide, violence and sexual assault in all the common crimes, but they get 28% of cost which is the highest one. (Crime Facts Info, 2003) For example, homicide is a kind of common crime which may have an awful effect in individual, business and society. Person will lose life when homicide happened. The family will lose the love member and it cannot be remedied forever. The police need pay a lot of money and time to find out the murderer. People may be panic if there is a homicide happened near them, it can be a long period influence, for someone it is a memory for the whole life. Common crime is what people will face in the daily life but the corporate crimes have the impact in wider and deeper range. Corporate crime is the crime has the higher level and has the wider range impact than common crime. “Corporate crime falls within the domain of the white collar crime-broadly defined as crime committed within the course of one’s occupation by persons of relatively high social status.” (Australian institute of criminology, 1987) Corporate crimes happened not as frequent...
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...and tertiary industry. This means that the business sector is suffering from deprivation and high vacancy numbers which can lead to deindustrialisation. Although Dover have prominent age group of 60+, the crime rate for ‘No. of crimes per 1000’ is at 99 and the ‘No. of burglaries per 1000’ is at 6, these two figures are quite high considering Dover is a rural/sub-urban area, this can suggest people have a lot of time and less to spend. The prominent age of 60+ can explain why the ‘% 5+ A* -C GCSE’s’ is lowest of all areas at 74%, but it could suggest that the educational facilities are poor. Dover’s housing prices were 2nd highest in the list of areas, I presume the housing prices are set from the elderly who have established (owned) houses for a number of years, this means anyone out-migrating into the area will find it difficult to pay for a mortgage and own a house. To conclude, Dover could fall into a vicious cycle of poverty, unless rebranding occurs to attract more business to the area and more people (residents/tourist), but on the other hand the residents may like the idea that it doesn’t attract large business and tourist. From the results I have acquired, I have come to a conclusion that Dover is in need of rebranding the most. Their prominent age group is 60+, this can suggest that the area doesn’t attract the younger/middle ages that tend to work within the secondary and tertiary industry. This means that the business sector is suffering from deprivation and high...
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...rise to new opportunities in every field we can think of, such as entertainment, business, sports, health or education. However, one of the major disadvantages of internet is cyber crime. which is an illegal activity that committed on the internet and this includes email espionage, credit card fraud, spam’s, software piracy download illegal music, steal money from online bank account and so on .It also includes non monetary offenses such as creating and distributing viruses on other computers and posting confidential business information on the internet. Basically cyber crime can be divided into three major categories such as cyber crime against person, cyber crime against property and cyber crime against government. Cyber crime against person includes various crimes like transmission of child pornography, indecent exposure, harassment of any one with the use of email or websites where the asked to enter password, phone number, address, credit card number, bank account number and other information that are needed to steal another parson's identity .furthermore, these type of harassment can be sexual, racial, religious, on gender, nationality or other. These often occur in chat rooms, through news groups and by sending hate emails to interested parties. And badly affect to the younger generation which sometimes leave irreparable injury if not properly controlled. The second category of cyber crime committed against all forms of property including computer vandalism which distraction...
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