...Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review XMGT/216 Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review The first article I reviewed was titled Islamic finance: Notion of stewardship imbues business ethics. The author discussed the global economic crisis of 2008 in Islam. He reviewed how the lack of training of Islamic employees in ethics contributed to the economic crisis. Several of the ethical lapses that occurred during the ethical crisis were caused by risk also known as gharar and gambling. Both gharar and gambling are banned by Islamic law (Smith, 2012). The author argues that religious beliefs not limited to Islam can influence more responsibility within a business’s leadership. Omneya Abdelsalam, the director of the El Shaarani Research Centre for Islamic Business believes the belief of god and his power brings an acute level of accountability and responsibility (Smith, 2012). The suggestion of Dr Abdelsalam is that the belief of religion has a direct power of the way individuals conduct business. Islamic businesses primary ethical perspectives are to fulfill social responsibility of the business to the best of its capabilities, have fair treatment for employees, care for the environment and customers, and fulfilling the obligation toward shareholders and other stakeholders (Smith, 2012). Challenges faced by Islamic businesses are the views of tangible assets and some principles. Cedomir Nestorovic, a professor of Islamic business and management states that...
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...------------------------------------------------- Business Ethics across Cultures Article Review Meghan Kraft XMGT/216 Deborah Pryer November 22nd 2015 Business Ethics across Cultures Article Review For centuries countries have been sharing their goods, services, cultures, and ways of life with those who visit or decides to do business with their country. While most would assume that people in another land speaking a different language, following a different religion, and eating different food would more than likely perceive and behave differently from than our own; the truth is that even though these differences may be perceived, very little is done to actually understand them appropriately unless it is deemed necessary. It is obvious that through globalization, that not just one, but each and every country has its own problems with ethics regarding business. It is made quite clear that there is a common scourge in business practices worldwide. It is also very clear that we are victims to the same faults that occur in humanity on a global scale. However, what is quickly becoming equally apparent, for international businesses and corporations to deal successfully with a foreign contractor, business, or even government; the proper measures must be taken to understand the differences in ethical perception and to work to accommodate those differences. Failure to do so leave many of these companies and businesses vulnerable for international ethical dilemmas that are quickly...
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...Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review XMGT/216 March 5, 2012 Leat Kodua BUSINESS ETHICS ACROSS CULTURES ARTICLE REVIEW Business Ethics Across Cultures This paper will focus on the two articles that I chose to discuss, ‘Business Ethics in Australia and New Zealand1’ and ‘Business Ethics in Japan.” This paper will provide a brief summary of both articles and try to explain some of the primary ethical perspectives of the countries. In the contents of this paper there will also be a discussion on how the articles contribute to understanding global ethical perspectives and will briefly describe the similarities and differences of the business ethics in these two countries and the United States. Although the first article is titled ‘Business Ethics in Australia and New Zealand’ I will discuss only Australia as New Zealand is considered a separate country. Australia This article discusses the effects of the scandals of the 80’s and extending into the 90’s on Australia and New Zealand as both countries have always claimed to be open, fair and honest societies and the scandals that erupted during the 80’s and 90’s shocked the people of Australia exposing the corruption and dereliction of duty that existed where they felt none did. These scandals brought to light the need for ethical codes within the private and government businesses within Australia, however chief executives and senior government officials still are finding it difficult to accept...
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...Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review XMGT/216 Steven Cusick This discussion on the business ethics in China and Canada are going to be covered using a pair of articles written on the business ethics in these two countries on opposite sides of the world. This could be a difference due to the difference in cultures as well as a difference between the economies of the two different countries. These are both articles that cover where these countries are with their business ethics and some reasons that they have or are seeing some issues with this particular topic of the business world. The first is “Business ethics in China: A human resource management issue?” which is an article on the dismal ethics code that is heading toward improvement in the country. There is a discussion on the relationship between the poor business ethics in China and the deep traditions that are directly related to the ancestry of the country and its people. Along with these traditions there is also a comparison to the economy of China being in a transitional phase and there being a higher want to get rich quick as it was more about taking advantage of these lower ethics to reap the larger benefits. In the article “Business ethics in Canada: Distinctiveness and directions” there are some distinct influences in this business community. This article discusses how Canadian business communities have gone the route of incorporating all aspects of social life as well as the economic life...
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...Cultural difference begins with the ethical variations of perspectives or business ethics of each individual international company. Language is a huge barrier when it comes to international or inter-cultural business dealings, but despite the language barrier one must consider business ethics when communicating. The rapid growth of globalization has prompted businesses to develop international codes of ethics that are used world wide as a standard of ethics no matter what culture or country one is dealing with; this has assisted businesses in making sure that all employees are following the same code of ethics and keeps the company running ethically. Two countries that have had many articles written their ethical perspectives are Brazil and China; these articles also give an overview of the study used to compare ethical differences between American and Brazilian MBA graduates working during the study. In the article concerning the ethical perspectives of Brazil and China, the Chinese believe that communication is the key component in business affairs; employees of both domestic and international companies must use communication to complete any business deals or transactions. One influence that sets the Chinese apart from other countries in their way of ethics is that their base ethics teachings are based off the teachings of Confucius. Confucius was known as a political figure, educator, and a thinker; his teachings have become the foundation on how the Chinese perceive education...
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...Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review Ken R. Johnson XMGT 216 May 27, 2012 Instructor: Deborah McCafferty Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review Globalization has been an ongoing event for many centuries; ever since the first traders and merchants sought out other countries to bring back uniquely different food and goods, countries have been sharing their culture and perspectives with those they visit or those that come to their borders. Today, with the widespread use of Internet, digital information, and focus on international business, the positive effect of globalization is much more apparent as well as the challenges it presents to countries with different ethical cultures. While most would assume that people in another land speaking a different language, following a different religion, and eating different food would more than likely perceive and behave differently from than our own; the truth is that even though these differences may be perceived, very little is done to actually understand them appropriately unless it is deemed necessary. However, what is quickly becoming equally apparent, for international businesses and corporations to deal successfully with a foreign contractor, business, or even government; the proper measures must be taken to understand the differences in ethical perception and to work to accommodate those differences. Failure to do so leave many of these companies and businesses...
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...focus on international business, the positive effect of globalization is much more apparent as well as the challenges it presents to countries with different ethical cultures. While most would assume that people in another land speaking a different language, following a different religion, and eating different food would more than likely perceive and behave differently from than our own; the truth is that even though these differences may be perceived, very little is done to actually understand them appropriately unless it is deemed necessary. However, what is quickly becoming equally apparent, for international businesses and corporations to deal successfully with a foreign contractor, business, or even government; the proper measures must be taken to understand the differences in ethical perception and to work to accommodate those differences. Failure to do so leave many of these companies and businesses vulnerable for international ethical dilemmas that are quickly brought to global attention by international media sources; where the wide-spread use of the Internet and digital communication have helped companies grow internationally, now any unaddressed unethical practice or issue from businesses can be heard and commented on around the world. Cultural difference begins with the ethical variations of perspectives or business ethics of each individual international company. Language is a huge barrier when it comes to international or inter-cultural business dealings, but despite...
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...Business Ethics across Cultures Article Review Clarissa R. Hoover XMGT/216 August 4th, 2012 Dr. Frank Czarny, Ph.D. Business Ethics across Cultures Article Review Business ethics and perspectives play a major role in how every business operates on a daily basis. This essay will examine two articles of foreign countries business ethics and perspectives. In addition, the essay will provide a brief summary of the articles. Also, the essay will demonstrate the primary ethical perspectives of the two countries. In addition, the essay will discuss the contributions to understanding global ethical perspectives. Furthermore, the essay will illustrate how the business ethics of a foreign country compares to that of The United States of America. Even though, some business ethics and perspectives differ from country to country generally they are the same. It is very important to uphold an elevated level of ethical behavior when conducting business in a foreign country. There are four main ethical perspectives that one should empathize with which are: character, obligation, results, and equity (Bullard, 2009). When examining ones character individuals should establish their thoughts on what shall be perceived as good versus what is good to accomplish. Furthermore, each individual should realize everyone has a different perspective on how businesses work in a global market. Another ethical perspective one should examine is obligation. Obligation can be described as doing...
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...A tariff is usually a tax that one country sets on the imported goods or services of another nation. A quota is a trade restriction set by a country to maintain and secure the country’s interests by limiting the amount of goods that can be imported into the country for a fixed time period. The tariffs and quotas in the United States were established to control the amount of goods that enter into the United States to protect the United States interests economically while still maintaining the healthy trading relationship with other countries. The United States utilize these trade restrictions to decide which countries will be suitable. These trade tools are meant to guard the country’s economic interests and establish relations with particular nations. Some critics of these trade tools argue that tariffs and quotas often lead to corruption, such as with smugglers seeking to escape tariffs and quotas and high prices for consumers as there is less competition between domestic and international goods, which tend to be less expensive. When the dollar is strong then the United States can lower tariff to benefit the consumers and further spur the spending. When the dollar is weak the United States needs to protect the vulnerable economy and potential jobs by increasing the tariff. Domestic trading represents the most beneficial situation for domestic producers, as there is less competition and inflation of consumer goods becomes favorable but it is the least beneficial to domestic...
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...XMGT/216 Business Ethics Across Cultures In this paper, I will be reviewing the business ethics found in two countries, each from a different continent. The two countries I have chosen are China and Mexico. The articles I have located for this research are both drawn from the University Library, the first one being Business Ethics and Social Responsibility in Contemporary China, by St. Clair and Norris, the second being Introduction to Central America and Mexico: Efforts and obstacles in creating ethical organizations and an ethical economy, by Collins and Whitaker. I will be reviewing China first, followed by Mexico. Chinese Business Ethics In their article, St. Clair and Norris examine the source of Chinese business ethics from multiple angles. Socially, culturally, and politically, the business atmosphere is quite different in China than it is here in the US. There is, really, no formal culture or system of business ethics for the general, private business sector (St Clair & Norris, 2011). Since its induction into the World Trade Order in 2001, China has modified its business regulations quite significantly to ensure that its businesses operate within the WTO guidelines. However, transition and reform aside, centralized decision making, internal bargaining, and bureaucratic red tape still seem to be the norm, despite the decentralization of many industries and the growth of consumerism. This turn towards progressive business ethics could be due to the recent scandals...
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...2011 Subject: Business Ethics in the Workplace This is an informative memo about “ethics in the workplace”. By Sharpe, F and Roe, A. The articles address the similarity of workplace ethics and their differences. Both articles examine how to adequately incorporate ethics in workplace. Both articles views on ethics in the workplace are similar as far as training program for all employees. Practicing positive workplace ethics within their organization was key issues in both articles. Both agreed not only should written policies be put into place but reinforce through ethical training programs and recommending ways to create a business culture of acceptable practices in the workplace by creating ethical business policies and guidelines. Both articles agreed on training programs to build a strong ethical workplace environment. In contrast Sharpe found that ethical practices improved business among employees relationship through honesty and respect which starts with management than staff. Sharpe focus was more social responsibility in business ethics, conducting workshops through the company style. Roe focus was more ethical practicing made mandatory through training to ensure that employees behave. I agreed with both articles but I lean more on the side of Sharpe because workplace ethics is a style. A style created through management which defines how and what employees do whether acceptable or not. I’ve identify with the honesty part of work ethic and how it applies...
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...The Importance of Business Ethics Business ethics has been described as a social science; it is a vast field and can often be problematic as it tends to mean different things to different people. It generally addresses the entire scope of responsibilities and obligations that a company has to each of its stakeholders. The term ethics can have many different definitions in a broad context and it can be difficult to find common understanding of the term which will be later discussed. Business ethics poses many different advantages and opportunities for businesses once correctly done. Business ethics refers to “managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization” (Crane, A., Dirk, M. 2004). Ethics is broadly concerned with the values underpinning action or behaviour’s for the individuals, organisations or societies. Being ethical is an aim of corporate governance and should be supported by the framework of controls within an organisation, however it is often a very complex problem which requires an in-depth understanding of the many factors which contribute to employees’ decisions to behave ethically or unethically (Stead and Worrell, 1990). Ethics within a business are often the moral standards which are relied upon in order to reach a conclusion and make decisions; they are implemented in order to ensure that a certain required level of trust exists between consumers and various forms of market participants within a business. Public interest has...
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...Corporate Ethics and Government assignment Name: Grade Course: Tutor’s Name: (16, April, 2012) Corporate Ethics and Government assignment Introduction In recent past, corporate ethics and governance has attracted a great deal of public interest due to its apparent importance in the economic health of corporations and society. In general, corporate ethics and governance include the relationship of the company to its shareholders as well as the society. It also includes promotion of fairness, transparency, accountability in references to the mechanism used in the governance so that the actions taken are consistent with the shareholders interest. Therefore, to ensure that corporate ethics and governance is properly addressed, issues of transparency, accountability, measures of risk management, proper information flow both vertical and horizontal should be properly addressed. This will help the companies to adopt the appropriate legal compliance mechanisms to ensure that ethics and conduct of issues are formally addressed. However, compliance of corporate ethics and governance do not come in handy. There are several issues hurdles that several companies and organizations have undergone in achieving these milestones. This has made this topic to be widely discussed especially in the media as will be demonstrated in the articles that will be discussed here after. Most of the newspapers have taken this issue with a lot of seriousness and dedicated their time to discuss...
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...Business Ethics Across Cultures Globalization has not only moved nations nearer together, but has also generated a single moral perception for nations conducting business together. Management teams are discovering that there are great moral challenges waiting to be found out by the enhanced progress to a global scale. If ethics are an issue inside a country, one can visualize the difficulties that arise when the quantity of people involved grows up to an international scale, cultures are different, and the language is alien. In this report we are going to consider two articles which deal with the moral perceptions of China and India, how these articles add to understanding international ethics, and how China’s and India’s business ethics contrast to that of the United States. Santa Clara University printed an article penned by Stephen Rothlin called Business Ethics in the Chinese Context” that thrashed out some of the growth China achieved in 2006 and 2007 in business ethics. Stephen Rothlin works as the general secretary of the Center for International Business Ethics in Beijing. In January 2008, Rothlin modernized the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics Business and Organizational Ethics Partnership with the growth he had seen since his last trip in 2006. Rothlin thrashed out six types including; conditions for moral companies, community role, ecological sustainability, anti-corruption action, and customer privileges. In each of the six types he discussed both developments...
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...Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review | XMGT/ 216 | | | | RENEE | 9/4/2011 | | What business ethics are in today’s world? What ethical issues within today’s business environment affect our community and organizations? These topics will be addressed in the following paragraphs. Before one can begin to address ethical business issues that affect our community and organizations, one must first define what business ethics are. Business ethics is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and business organizations as a whole. Applied ethics is a field of ethics that deals with ethical questions in many fields such as medical, technical, legal and business ethics. Business ethics can be both a normative and a descriptive discipline. As a corporate practice and a career specialization, the field is primarily normative. In academia descriptive approaches are also taken. The range and quantity of business ethical issues reflects the degree to which business is perceived to be at odds with non-economic social values. Historically, interest in business ethics accelerated dramatically during the 1980s and 1990s, both within major corporations and within academia. For example, today most major corporate websites lay emphasis on commitment to promoting non-economic...
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