...DOING BUSINESS IN PAKISTAN UPDATED SEPTEMBER 2007 PREFACE In the preparation of this booklet we have tried to cover the principal aspects that regulate businesses in Pakistan, using, for this purpose, a language accessible to potential investors and business managers. We are aware that it is not easy to synthesize in a booklet of this nature all the legal, accounting, auditing, tax and labour rules/requirements that regulate businesses in Pakistan. However, if we have achieved our goal, contributing, by this way, to business development in Pakistan, we will be very satisfied. The booklet is designed to give some general information to those contemplating doing business in Pakistan, and is not intended to be a comprehensive document. Furthermore, its updating process is annual. Therefore, the users should consult us before taking any decision on the basis of information contains in this booklet. TABLE OF CONTENT FOREWORD 1 ABOUT HLB INTERNATIONAL 2 1. ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN 3 1.1 LOCATION 3 1.2 POPULATION DEMOGRAPHICS 3 1.3 INTERNATIONAL TIME 4 1.4 CLIMATE 4 1.5 LANGUAGE 4 1.6 CURRENCY 4 1.7 THE CONSTITUTION AND LEGAL SYSTEM 5 1.8 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE ECONOMY 5 1.9 ECONOMIC ARRANGEMNETS 7 1.9.1 List of Countries/Organizations with which Pakistan has Bilateral Investment Agreements 7 1.9.2 Pakistan and the Non-Aligned Movement (N.A.M.) 8 1.9.3 Pakistan and the Economic Co-operation Organization (ECO) 8 1.9.4 Pakistan...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Craft zone Handicraft has been in business in Pakistan, and has been of great interest for the people. The business is well known for its colorful attractive designs all over the country including products like leather goods, brass, copperware and table ware, onyx and marble products, wood crafts, textile and block printing fabrics, embroideries, glass beads, traditional and contemporary jewelry, camel and snake skin products, pottery, hand knotted carpets and rugs, shell and bone products, costume dolls, etc. The business with a focus on modern styles plans to create products with latest fashion techniques keeping in mind the requirements made by the customers. Our clients pride themselves on wearing fashions that express their individuality and they choose our designs for their creative styles that are both fashion-forward and can be worn for years to come. Craft zone plans to start up its promotion through social media websites and taking online orders. The corporation expects that its ability to expand into this area will depend on brand awareness, competitive pricing and providing complete authenticity and superior customer service. Conclusion: As the modern trend includes the past fashion styles, Craft zone aims to provide with the quality as well innovative designing for the people to make them more culturally bonded along with following the present fashion. The products...
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...Ten Tips for an Effective Training Program Competence and confidence is an ideal mixture in the workplace. Employees with these traits can motivate others to work together and create a safe and productive environment. How can you build this utopia at your facility? Establishing an effective training program is the best way to start. However, building a strong and knowledgeable staff isn't free. These 10 tips will help you make the most of your training dollars. Tip 1: Use variety. You have many training media and methods available: Use as many as you feel comfortable with. For example, if you tell a group of electrici ans some facts about troubleshooting a new motor drive, you'll pass on some knowledge. But you'll pass on much more if you let them view a video on that drive, read the manual, watch another electrician working on it, or listen to a tape on how to troubleshoot it. The more ways you present information, the more your staff will learn and retain. Vary the pace and style of your training. Formal training is good, but informal training fills in many gaps. Magazines, books, and on-the-job training (OJT) are all very useful. Because magazines cover many topics in a single issue, you can bring the knowledge of many experts into one place. Tip 2: Use repetition. Informal training repetition can mean you distill portions of the training into slogans, factoids, and images. Including slips of paper in with paychecks with a sentence or two about some idea can work well with...
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...of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Cultural Dimensions of Pakistan 2 2.1 Hofstede’s Study 2 2.2 Trompenaar’s Dimensions 5 2.3 GLOBE Study 6 3. Communicating Cross Culturally 7 3.1 Proper Greetings 7 3.2 Introductions 7 3.3 Touch Behaviour 8 3.4 Taboos 9 3.5 Entertaining 9 4. Management Issues in Pakistan 9 4.1 Leading 9 4.2 Motivation 12 5. Negotiating in Pakistan 13 6. Expatriates in Pakistan 15 7. Managing Social and Ethical Issues in Pakistan 18 7.1 Conflict of Development 18 7.2 Conflict of Tradition 18 7.3 Conflict of Interest 19 8. Conclusion 21 References 22 Appendix 1 – Map of Pakistan 23 Appendix 2 – GLOBE Study 24 Appendix 3 - Supplementary Information 26 Appendix 4 - Important Contact Information 28 1. Introduction Pakistan was one of the two original successor states to British India, which was partitioned along religious lines in 1947. For almost 25 years following independence, it consisted of two separate regions, East and West Pakistan, but now is made up only of the western sector. Both India and Pakistan have laid claim to the Kashmir region, and this territorial dispute led to war in 1949, and again in 1965, 1971, and 1999, and remains unresolved today. Pakistan is situated in the western part of the Indian subcontinent, with Afghanistan and Iran on the west, India on the east, and the Arabian Sea on the south. The name Pakistan is derived from the Urdu words Pak (meaning pure) and stan (meaning...
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...DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM AIMS TO SUPPORT BETTER BUSINESS DECISION-MAKING IN TELECOM SECTOR OF PAKISTAN Thesis Presented to the Faculty of INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY In Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Business and information technology By Muhammad Taimoor Khalid F09MB023 Contents DECLARATION 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7 Executive Summary 8 INTRODUCTION 9 Decision Support System 10 Telecommunication Sector in Pakistan 13 PROBLEM DEVELOPMENT 14 Significance of the study 15 Study Objectives 15 Research Research Query#s 15 Relevant Variables 16 Dependent variables: 16 Independent variables: 16 Research Hypothesis 16 Hypothesis # 1 16 Hypothesis # 2 16 Hypothesis # 3 17 Hypothesis # 4 17 LITERATURE REVIEW 18 “ 21 “ 21 (Business psychology and organisational behaviour 21 “ 22 “ 22 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 23 Introduction to chapter 24 Research Design: 24 Purpose of research 25 Data Processing and Analysis 25 Primary and Secondary data 25 Regression Equation 26 Comparative Analysis 28 Dss and Comapny 28 Respondent age 28 Respondent sex 29 Respondent Work Experience 29 Respondent Qualification 30 Research Query’s Analysis 31 Research Query# 1 31 Research Query# 2 31 Research Query# 3 31 Research Query# 4 32 Research...
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...The company was independent from 1926 to 2008, headquartered for most of that time in Millbank, London, and was a constituent of the FT30 Index and FTSE 100 Index. After the January 2008 change of ownership, AkzoNobel fully integrated ICI's operations within its existing organisation. ICI Pakistan ICI Pakistan Limited (Imperial Chemical Industries) is located in Karachi, Pakistan.ICI Pakistan was acquired by AkzoNobel on January 2008. It operates as an independent business unit within AkzoNobel and as a part of its specialty chemicals portfolio, known as Chemicals Pakistan.It was set up as a public limited company in Pakistan in 1952. ICI’s presence in this part of the world, however, predates the formation of the public limited company and indeed, Pakistan itself. The Khewra Soda Ash Company, a predecessor of ICI Pakistan Limited, set up a soda ash manufacturing facility in Khewra in 1944 with a capacity of 18,000 tonnes per annum. This facility was sited next to the salt range as rock salt and limestone; two key raw materials for manufacturing Soda ash were available here in abundance. ICI Pakistan operates diverse businesses and provides services to a number of diverse industries in Pakistan. To name a few, they are...
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...(Small & Medium Enterprises) are those business enterprises which run their business in small and medium level. Small and medium business has no single definition but have some standards on the basis of which we can say they are small and medium enterprises. Different institutions has given different definitions but in Pakistan SMEDA (small Medium enterprises development authority) has defined SMEs as “the enterprises can be small and medium which has up to 250 employees and having annual return about Rs.250 million.” In Pakistan we can say that there are about more and less about 2 million small and micro level business and enterprises are exist. In among these 2 million there are about 400000 are form manufacturing side about 600000 from services side enterprises and about one million are exists from trade sector mean retailers. In Pakistan Small Medium enterprises is almost near to ninety percent of the whole business enterprise. It contributes a lot in almost every sector of Pakistan like manufacturing, agricultural and services based organizations. The part of every province in SME are contributed in SME Punjab province has the highest contribution about 65.26% share is in Punjab, KPK has about 12.21% while Sindh province has about 17.82% share in SME in total of 2.96 million units in Pakistan of which about 93.9% are established enterprises and 6.1% are household enterprises. Baluchistan share is about 2.09% in over all units in Pakistan. All sectors are very important...
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...Development and Growth of Shell Pakistan 6 Shell Pakistan’s History 6 Vision 6 Values 6 Main objectives 6 Products and services 7 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS 8 Ratio Analysis 8 Short Term Debt Paying Ability 8 Profitability Ratios 15 Ratios for Investors 18 Long Term Debt Paying Ability 19 Overall Financial Performance 21 PESTEL ANALYSIS 22 Political Factors 22 Economic Factors 22 Social Factors 23 Technological Factors 23 Ecological Factors 23 Legal Factors 23 SWOT ANALYSIS 24 Strengths 24 Weaknesses 24 Opportunities 25 Threats 25 REFERENCES 26 Synopsis of Development and Growth of Shell Pakistan Shell Pakistan’s History The Shell brand name enjoys a 100-year history in the subcontinent region, dating back to 1899 when Asiatic Petroleum, the far eastern marketing arm of two companies: Shell Transport Company and Royal Dutch Petroleum Company began importing kerosene oil from Azerbaijan into the subcontinent. The documented history of Royal Dutch Shell plc in Indo_Pakistan subcontinent dates back to 1903 when partnership was struck between The Shell Transport & Trading Company and the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company to supply petroleum to Asia. In 1928, to enhance their distribution capabilities, the marketing interest of Royal Dutch Shell plc and the Burmah Oil Company Limited in India were merged and Burmah Shell Oil Storage & Distribution Company of India was born. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the name was...
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...Co. Chartered Accountants Investment in Pakistan Investment in Pakistan An Introduction Investment in Pakistan is a publication prepared by KPMG Pakistan to provide information on a number of subjects relevant for investment planning or doing business in Pakistan. The guide includes an overview of the economy and a summary of various investment opportunities in identified sectors which could be of interest for investors. This guide provides a summary of the rules, regulations and tax laws applicable in Pakistan. Although covering many relevant areas, it should not be considered as exhaustive since it has not been designed to provide complex and detailed information required for decision-making in relation to investments. This publication incorporates the regulations effective as of 31 August 2013. For our latest publications please browse our web site; www.kpmg.com.pk. © 2013 KPMG Taseer Hadi & Co., a Partnership firm registered in Pakistan and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. Glossary BOI CY FCY FDI FY GDP GoP KSE PKR SBP SECP USD Board of Investment Calendar year Foreign Currency Foreign Direct Investment Fiscal year ended 30 June Gross Domestic Product Government of Pakistan Karachi Stock Exchange Pakistan Rupee State Bank of Pakistan Securities & Exchange Commission of Pakistan United States Dollar © 2013 KPMG Taseer...
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...Case studies - CSR in Pakistani perspective A selection of companies based on as a sample on various industries of Pakistan. 1. Citizen-Police Liaison Committee ( CPLC) 2. National Refinery Limited 3. Pakistan Petroleum Limited 4. Shell Pakistan 5. Pakistan State Oil (PSO) 6. Pak-Arab Refinery Company Limited 7. Sui Southern Gas Company ( SSGC) 8. Askari Commercial Bank Limited 9. Khadam Ali Shah Bukahari (KASB) Securities 10. The Bank of Punjab 11. First Woman Bank Limited ( FWBL) 12. Dollar East Exchange Company (PVT) Limited 13. Cresent Steel and Allied product Limited ( CSAPL) 14. ICI Pakistan Limited 15. Engro Chemical Pakistan Limited 16. Soccer Ball industry of Pakistan 17. Unilever Pakistan limited 18. National Foods Pakistan Limited 19. Proctor and Gamble Pakistan 20. Geo TV Citizen-Police Liaison Committee (CPLC): CPLC is a joint venture of the private and the public sectors. The few concerned and compassionate citizens, initiated in 1989 to establish the CPLC, which is over the period, become an important component of police system in Karachi. Rooted in the business community and dependent largely on private donations and on the volunteer work of business community. It conduct crime analysis, plays an important role in the investigation of kidnappings, and provides a range of police related services directly to poor and rich alike without any discrimination.[1] So in this way CSR motivate citizen to support police in fighting crime, after...
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...Awareness of Electronic Banking in Pakistan 1 AWARENESS OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN PAKISTAN Awareness of Electronic Banking in Pakistan Nouman Anwar Dar MCB Bank Limited Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Business Management (ISBN: 978-969-9368-06-6) Awareness of Electronic Banking in Pakistan 2 Abstract Electronic Banking is an essential sector of banking industry. E-banking services are gaining the attention of conventional banking’s customers rapidly. It has brought the revolutionary changes in the Pakistan banking industry in terms of customer and business perspectives. Electronic banking has got popularity in the developed as well as developing countries because it saves people time, reduces costs and people have access to all banking services on the click of a button. More often, the new innovated system allows the customers to touch their accounts at home using a mobile device or electronic terminals. This research paper focuses on growth and awareness of electronic banking in Pakistan. Electronic banking is today’s need as it provides easy way to monitor an account. Most of the commercial banks in the country switched to the convenience ways in accessing the accounts of the customers and giving them the freedom for the easy access. “The volume of e-banking transactions reached 125.9 million while the value of these transactions aggregated to Rs 12 trillion showing an increase of 15.5 percent and 19.0 percent respectively as compared to the...
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...study on the franchising opportunities and the barriers to it in Pakistan A Proposal Submitted by: Faizan mujtaba malik TP027822 BA (hons).International Business Management In Partial fulfilment of requirements of the programme Bachelors of Arts in International Business Management Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation 06-11-2013 Abstract Recently countries over the world have been in a very fast economic development race with the most modern and appropriate strategies and technologies. However, franchising has been of the most successful and useful strategies that helped in the development and improvement of countries. On the other hand Pakistan is one of the developing countries that suffer from the lack of such strategies and technologies that would play the role in the economic development of the country. This report provides an overview of franchising strategy with its advantages and drawbacks. Moreover the report is about the market in Pakistan and provides a much clear image of the environmental factors and current situation in the country. The aim of research is to study the opportunities of franchising in Pakistan as well as the challenges that organizations face in the market of Pakistan specially in franchising. The research focuses on the environmental factors, political and social and cultural factors and its impact on the franchising market in Pakistan. The report also focuses on how technology and infrastructure can...
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...Introduction Entrepreneurship is becoming of vital importance in the economies like Pakistan. Entrepreneurship is strongly related to small medium enterprise (SME), which is considered to be the main developing force of the developing economies market. Previously many economists believed that it is the large firm which contributes in the developing of economies and attracts foreign exchange in the country. But there point of view changed when countries like Taiwan, Japan, and Korea established their economies on the bases of SMEs. These economies build up from grass root level to the heights of success. According to Schapper (2006), in developing nations more than 90% of the firms fall under the category of SMEs and he also above than 90% of these firms are microenterprises. Pakistan is also one of the countries focusing on the development of SMEs. Almost 13 years ago Govt. of Pakistan established institution named SMEDA; small and medium enterprise authority, responsible for the guidance and the promotion of SMEs. SMEs are very heterogeneous business operating in many different sectors such as trade, agri- business and manufacturing (Hussain et al, 2009). Pakistan is a very potential market for SMEs. Before very less or no importance is given on the business research which could attract many foreign investments. There are certain issues regarding the success and failures of SMEs which need to explore out and address. What is Entrepreneur? The term entrepreneur...
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...nutritional products, laboratory diagnostics, medical devices and pharmaceutical therapies. Its vision and mission focus on improving people's lives by providing cost effective healthcare products and services. Abbott Pakistan started operations as a marketing affiliate of Abbott Laboratories in 1948. Today, it has 1,346 employees and two manufacturing facilities at Landhi and Korangi in Karachi. Continuous innovation, research and development at Abbott's worldwide facilities enable Abbott Pakistan to offer products and services focused on improving healthcare in line with the changing needs of its customers. The company is also working on implementing its global CSR standards in Pakistan, and actively supports and participates in disaster relief efforts and activities. “We view our commitment to global citizenship not only as a business responsibility, but also as an opportunity to improve lives around us. Caring is one of our core values and is all about making a difference in people’s lives. We have contributed to improving lives for more than 50 years, while strengthening the company and its communities for future generations,” says Asif Jooma, Managing Director at Abbott Pakistan. Atlas Honda Atlas Honda Limited (AHL) is the leading manufacturer of motorcycles in Pakistan. It manufactures and markets the country’s largest selling Honda motorcycles in collaboration with Honda Motor Company, and also exports them to different countries. AHL is a joint venture between Pakistan’s Atlas...
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...EntErprisE survEys EntErprisE notE sEriEs EntrEprEnEurship 2011 EntErprisE notE no. 27 Business Environment Perceptions in Afghanistan and Pakistan Judy S. Yang T his note compares business environment perceptions using a unique panel data set of Afghani and Pakistani firms interviewed between 2007 and 2010. Examining the evolution of business climate perceptions within the same group of firms over time allows for a clear picture of how the broad business environment is changing. Firms in both countries are operating in a time of dynamic economic, political, and social changes. However, perceptions of the severity and challenges posed by certain business environment elements differ in the two countries. The World Bank’s Enterprise Analysis Unit surveyed the same group of 319 Afghani firms in 2008 and 2010, as well as a group of 385 Pakistani firms in 2007 and 2010. Survey results show that firm perceptions of the severity and priority of certain business environment elements have changed over time, especially in the areas of electricity, political instability, and corruption. Changes in top obstacle reporting should only be interpreted as changes in what element is currently most relevant to firms. For example, suppose a firm in Afghanistan considers electricity and corruption to be its top two concerns. In 2008, the firm selects electricity as their top obstacle because it is fundamental to daily operations. The firm acquired a generator by 2010, so electricity...
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