MWENGE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
(A Constituent College of St. Augustine University of Tanzania)

FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY

The Role of Guidance and Counseling Services on Behavioral Modification among MVCs in Children Rehabilitations Institution

A Case study of Mkombozi Children Centre and Amani Centre for Street Children in Moshi Municipal

Yusta P. Mahiku

Sunguya F Sunguya
(Research supervisor)

CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY 1.0 INTRODUCTION
It covers the back ground to the study, the statement of the problem, and objectives of the study others are, the research questions, significance of the study, limitation and delimitations of the study, conceptual frame work, definition of operational terms and organization of the study.
1.1BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
This study focuses on looking at the roles of guidance and counseling services on behavioral modification to MVCs in Moshi municipality, the case of Amani Centre for Street Children and Mkombozi Centre for children. The study will focus on examine the roles of guidance and counseling on behavioral modification to MVCs in Rehabilitation Institutions in Moshi Municipality Guidance and Counseling major role on improving children life, behavior change in general wellbeing. (k, 2008)
However in globally particularly Chinese guidance and counseling have played many roles in children behavioral modification by helping the child to develop a positive attitude to life, recognize their strengths and express themselves. It does not involve making decisions for the child, imposing beliefs on them or preaching. It has shaped the behavior of children who were spending their time in watching pornographic film and it has eliminated sexual behavior. (ouk, 2003) In addition globally children face many unique challenge up to today pressures at school ,problem at home and dealing with other peers ,sometimes they feel misunderstood alone or confused hence they feel angry or sad which at the end they generate aggressive behavior. , emotional abuse, relationship problem with family. Teachers and pears when it reaches at high extent they become MVCs then guidance and counseling plays it role on providing safe and supportive environment and relationship building though the problems are not yet solved because ineffective practice of guidance and counseling.(ouk 2003)
(Biswalo, 1996)Moreover in Africa context particularly South Africa the concept of guidance and counseling, come to exist because of response to the growing social issues among African youths, and young people particularly girls, HIV/AIDS, street children, child prostitution, child abuse and drug usage and some of these children affected were the MVCs in South African. They have agreed that due to various factors, especially young people face many difficulties and problems which may be expressed through: withdrawal, unhappiness, frustration, anger, anxiety and inability to meet needs, get required knowledge, partial or total failure; inability to realize aspirations. Therefore many rehabilitation Centre were formed to help the young people to realize their aspiration these includes Addiction Recovery and Self development Centre, Children Movement Centre, Tina Ottes Family Centre, Community Children Centre and Christian Care Centre which was dealing with children who were affected with HIV/AIDS. All these centre in South Africa were offering counseling and guidance, awareness rasing, moderation of behaviors. But in South Africa there are still many problems which are raises day to day to children which shows that Guidance and counseling has not worked accordingly that is there are many complications behavior to children in south Africa and this study will show the role of guidance and counseling (R, 2002)
However in Tanzanian context guidance and counseling come to exist not earlier as (biswalo, 1996)

. (E, 1988)

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Guidance and counseling occupies a very potential position in any rehabilitation institution system and even our Tanzanian Government is aware of this fact; that is why the reemphasis is on the need for guidance and counseling services in those rehabilitation institution so as modify the behaviors of those in children act (2009).There is high rate of children miss behaving in our societies due to many reasons and some of this children have been placed on the rehabilitation intuitions so that they may be counseled and behave accordingly to society norms. These services are meant to assist children to develop their academic, social and personal competencies in order to make realistic choices and relevant decisions in life. However, this seem not to have been realized since there are noticeable children behavior ‘disturbances that often take the form of unrests, poor sexual relationships, wastage of time, poor study habits, substance abuse and difficulty in coping with environment anxiety. Consequently, distress, depression and unhappiness have become part and parcel of children ‘life in the rehabilitation institution. The rehabilitation institutions authorities are confronted with the children’ social, academic and personal adjustment challenges. This study sought to determine the roles of guidance and counseling services on behavioral modification to children in rehabilitation institution in Moshi municipal. Final due to this there is an important of let people and the Government to understand the roles of counseling and guidance in Rehabilitation centre so as to improve the behavior of children especial which are negative to positive since this child comes from different places and they are vulnerable due to many reasons.

1.3OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY General objective
To examine the roles of guidance and counseling on behavioral modification to MVCs in Rehabilitation Institutions.
Specific objectives
To identity the roles of guidance and counseling on children behavior modifications.
To asses if guidance and counseling is effectively practiced in rehabilitation institution.
To test whether having guidance and counseling has changed the behavior of MVCs in rehabilitation institutions. .

1.4RESEARCH QUESTION
1 What are the roles of guidance and counseling service on behavior modification?
2 how guidance and counseling is effectively practiced?
3 what extent is guidance and counseling service has changed behavior to MVCs?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will benefit children’ social, personal and academic welfare in the rehabilitation centre Moreover, parents will also benefit from the findings of this study since their efforts in counseling their children would be supplemented. Also all people in the society will benefit from this study by having awareness and deep understanding on roles of counseling and guidance services and the Government will recognize that professional in all sectors and it been given priorities like other courses in higher learning institution. Lastly other researchers they will borrow some ideas from my proposal when it will be published.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study will find out the roles of guidance and counseling on behavioral modification to MVCs in Rehabilitation Institutions. This study will be conducted in moshi municipal of Kilimanjaro region on the selected areas which are Amani centre for street children and Mkombozi Centre because the title of the study matches with the areas selected and I will accommodate all the data because both institution deals with MVCs In each centre the study will employ both children and the counselors of those places selected by the researcher because they will help in reducing cost particularly financial ever since the researcher is self sponsored.

1.7Conceptual frame work to show the roles of counseling and guidance services on children behavioral modification.

ROLES OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ▪ Relationship building▪Promoting awareness▪ Advocating for those who are disempowered▪ provide alternatives in self-understanding▪ Fostering conditions in which a client can grow and develop as a person▪Provide leadership in developing a healthy psychological environment |

1.8 LIMITATIONS AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Limited time the time given to conduct the study is too limited which will lead the research not to accommodate all information for the study so in order to overcome this limitations the researcher has should select the area which is familiar with to avoid some disturbances during data collection and targeted population with the sample which is small so as to utilize the limited time appropriately
Also there is limitation of resources especially financial resources where by financial key important factor in doing any study because with money all the process of preparing the study will be done accurately so to overcome this limitation the researcher should make effective communication with those who sponsored the researcher and if the researcher is self sponsored should conduct the study in area where it will not need much use of money example in some area can just walk during data collection instead of use bus it will reduce some cost. 1.9 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
Counseling is a professional process that helps the individuals to align or discovers and develop his education, vocational, and psychological potentialities there by to achieve an optimum level of person and social usefulness. (kennedy, 1977) Guidance it is a service that is designed to assist people in deciding where they want to go, what they want to do, and how to get to their destination in their way of thinking. (marshall, 1998)
Behavior can be defined as the way in which an individual behaves or acts. (gorden, 1993)
Rehabilitation institutions refer to resocializing criminal to non criminal norms and values. (chambilis, 1997)
1.10 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
Chapter one: this provide the overview of the study which included the introduction, background of the problem, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study of the study, scope and delimitation of the study, conceptual frame work ,operation of definitions of terms and organization of study
.Chapter two: this will explore the details concerning literature reviews which contain the introduction part, review of different theories, and review of the empirical studies demonstration of the knowledge gap.
Chapter three: under this chapter, it will explain on research design and methods which contain information about introductory part of the chapter, target population, description of the sample and sampling procedures, description of data collection proceeding and description of data analysis procedure

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION
This chapter consists of the following sections; Review of related theories, Review of empirical studies, and demonstration of Gap of knowledge.
2:1 REVIEWS OF RELATED THEORIES
The following are some theories related to the role of guidance and counseling on behavioral modification to MVCs in rehabilitation.
Psychoanalytical Theory (Sigmund Freud) he considered human behavior to be dynamic, meaning that there is an exchange of energy and transformation. Freud used the term catharsis to describe this release of this energy. Freud saw the personality as composed of a conscious mind, a preconscious mind and an unconscious mind. The conscious mind has knowledge of what is happening in the present. The preconscious mind contains information from both the unconscious and the conscious mind .The unconscious mind contains hidden or forgotten memories or experiences. According to Freud, the Role of the Counselor is “To encourage the development of transference and giving the client a sense of safety and acceptance. The client freely explores difficult material and experiences from their past, gaining insight and working through unresolved issues. The counselor is an expert, who interprets for the client (CoreyG2009)
This role is very important to be used by counselors in the rehabilitations institutions. It can help this MVCSs in changing their behavior This is because when they are encouraged in developing transference they will be free to explain how the behave the way they do and the counselor will be able to change their behavior.

Person-Centered Theory (Carl Rogers). Rogers viewed human nature as basically good. He believed that if given the appropriate environment of acceptance, warmth and empathy, the individual would move toward self-actualization. Self-­actualization is the motivation that makes the individual move toward growth, meaning, and purpose. Person centered is considered as phenomenological psychology whereby for there by the individuals perception of reality is accepted as reality for the individual. person-centered often referred to as a self theory, because of Rodgers’s emphasizes oneself being an result of persons’ life experiences and the person’s awareness of comparisons to others as the same or different. Rogers believed that most people were provided conditional acceptance as children, which lead them to behave in ways that would assure their acceptance. However, in their need for acceptance, the individual often behaved in ways that were incongruent with the real self. Thus, the greater this incongruence between the real self and the ideal self, the greater isolated and maladjusted the person became.
The Role of the counselor is to sets up an environment where the client is safe to expose any aspect of the self. The counselor’s job is to facilitate the exploration through a special relationship of unconditional positive regard, empathy and warmth if this theory will be used appropriately in the rehabilitation institution it can help in modifying the behavior of the MVCs provided that the children are given appropriate environment it is possible for their behavior to change. Behavioral theories (B. F. Skinner) View of Human Nature that all behavior is learned whether the Behavior is maladaptive or adaptive the Behaviorists believe that adaptive behavior can be learned to replace maladaptive behavior. According to Skinner, the role of the counselor Roles of the counselor are varies and include being a Consultant, a reinforce, and a facilitator to use social learning to model the desired behavior, the theory aims at changing behavior Counselors using social learning may model the desired behavior, since the theory says the behavior is leant then one especially children may learn bad behavior therefore the children can also learn positive behavior if the behavioral theory is used by the counselors in rehabilitation institutions.

2:2 REVIEWS OF EMPIRICAL STUDIES
(kennethed, 1989) Explained that apart from counseling and guidance behavior can be modified through punishment, positive reinforcement, extinction, shaping, stimulus control, time out and observational time. Behavior Change or Modification is based on a simple idea of learning. It is based on the idea That behavior followed by reward is more likely to be repeated, or retained, than not On the other hand, behavior which results in an unpleasant outcome tends to be quickly dropped or disappear. Behavioral change is based on the idea that behavior is, in part, controlled by its Consequences. The Punishment Technique this is used when it becomes necessary to apply an aversion stimulus to correct undesirable behavior. When you see the many techniques available for modifying behavior, you may realize that this technique has been over used. They have been known to use good, honest work as ‘punishment,’ leading to stigmatization in children' minds. Examples of this may include cutting grass or digging in the school garden. Positive reinforcement - This involves the use of rewards for positive responses in order to strengthen the new behavior. Non-reinforcement - No reward is given to the client for undesirable behavior. This helps to diminish problem behavior. Extinction - The counselor may stop rewarding established behavior in order to Let the pupil stop responding the way he/she do. Shaping - This is the process of rewarding successive responses which are viewed by you, the teacher, as being closer to the desired one. Stimulus control - This technique requires that the teacher should control the Situation in which the behavior occurs. Time out - In this technique, you remove an individual from the source of the problem in order to help him/her change. This can be done in three main ways. Observational time - The child is withdrawn from a reinforcing situation. For instance, the child is placed outside the perimeter of the activity. Sometimes the child can be asked to put his/her head on the desk.

Fuster (2002) points out the goals of counseling as facilitating behavior change, enhancing
Coping skills, promoting decision-making, improving relationships and facilitating the
Client’s potential. It is a personalized and individualized process for helping the individual
To learn and acquire habits, skills, attitudes and interests which make him a normally adjusted
Being. Therefore, it is evident that the process and goals of guidance and counseling is to
Help the client move towards a greater level of self understanding and self – acceptance. The
Process of professional counseling involves a counselor helping the client to develop an
Effective relationship that enables the client to work through difficulties.

Makinde (1984) indicates that guidance is really the body of psychotherapy while counseling is the soul or heart without which a self-understanding person cannot be produced. Ordinarily, counseling may be understood to mean consultation, discussion, deliberation, and exchange of ideas, advice or process of decision- making. Corey (1991) holds that counseling is a service designed to help an individual to analyze himself/herself by relating his capabilities, achievements, interests and mode of adjustment to what new decision he has. According to Engelkes and Vandergoot (1982) counseling is an interactive process conjoining the counselee who is vulnerable and needs assistance and the counselor who is trained to give this assistance. The goal is to help the counselee learn how to deal effectively with himself and the reality of his environment. Ndondo (2004) defines counseling as a process in which the counselee having identified an emotional problem is helped by the counselor to see his problem clearly until he is able to give himself advice considering his opinions, abilities and limitations in solving it.

THEORATICAL FRAME WORK
This study will include some theories Psychoanalytical Theory “which encourages the development of transference and giving the client a sense of safety and acceptance also Individual Psychology Theory (Alfred Adler) which insists on the role of the counselor is as a diagnostician, teacher and model. The counselor helps the client to explore conscious thoughts, beliefs and logic for behavior that are not in the client best interest or social interest moreover there is also Person-Centered Theory (Carl Rogers). Rogers viewed human nature as basigood. He believed that if given the appropriate environment of acceptance, warmth and empathy, the individual would move toward self-actualization. Another theory is Behavioral theories (B. F. Skinner) View of Human Nature that all behavior is learned whether the Behavior is maladaptive or adaptive the Behaviorists believe that adaptive behavior can be learned to replacemaladaptive behavior all these theories explain on behavior and how the counselor can use this theory to modifies children behavior.
2:3 DEMONSTRATION OF GAP OF KNOWLADGE
Many researchers have developed various research works on the topic about roles of guidance and counseling on behavioral modification on children Tanzania and other countries.
This proposal works will try to show the various roles of guidance and counseling service on children’ mostly based in behaviors, adjustment, life success and ability to solve their own problems. But they did not explain the role of guidance and counseling services on behavioral modification. Also they did not explain how guidance and counseling services affect behaviors if it is not given to children. Not only that but also they did not suggest the suitable theory of guidance and counseling to be applied in rehabilitation so as to bring about positive behavioral change among children
In this research proposal will explain clearly the role of guidance and counseling services on behavioral modification among children in rehabilitation institutions. Also it will explain how guidance and counseling services can cause some effects to children if it is not practiced accordingly in Moshi municipal at Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania. Furthermore the researcher proposal will suggest a suitable counseling theory to be used in rehabilitation institution counseling so as to bring about good behavior

3.5 THEORATICAL FRAME WORK
This study will include some theories Psychoanalytical Theory “which encourages the development of transference and giving the client a sense of safety and acceptance also Individual Psychology Theory also Person-Centered Theory (Carl Rogers). Rogers viewed human nature as basic good. He believed that if given the appropriate environment of acceptance, warmth and empathy, the individual would move toward self-actualization. Another theory is Behavioral theories (B. F. Skinner) View of Human Nature that all behavior is learned whether the Behavior is maladaptive or adaptive the Behaviorists believe that adaptive behavior can be learned to replace maladaptive behavior all these theories explain on behavior and how the counselor can use this theory to modifies children behavior. But the best theory in this study is person centered theory by (Car Rogers ) On the basic assumption of the theory it assumes that non judgmental, listening and acceptance of the client can leads to change also people have the ability to solve their own problems without counselor direct intervention. This is suitable in behavior modification as it explains that if the children are provided with good environment acceptance warmth they can change also by knowing that there is conducive environment then theca solve their own problem .on other hand this cannot work independently it should corporate with other theory because each person has own problem and the source of it so it may need psychoanalytical or cognitive theory

CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 3.0 Introduction This chapter comprises the following research design, area of study, study population, sample and sample size, methods of data collection, methods of data presentation and analysis strategy and ethical consideration.
3.1 Research design Research design is strategy of plan or road map for planning and conducting a study. (Seidman, 1998) This study will involve both qualitative and quantitative research design, this is because under quantitative research design the study will stick on survey quantitative design which deals with studying people’s behavior, attitudes and their believes. This kind will be appropriate because the study investigate on the behavioral modification to MVCs. The study will be carried out by using cross sectional survey, that studies different samples like counselors and MVCs in rehabilitation institution at the same time so as the researcher will be able to describe the current characteristics of the sample, this was because, counselors and MVCs will be found at same time and the same context. On the case of qualitative design the study will focus on case study where by the researcher will select specific area where the study will be conducted and the specific population that will be used to carry out the study and the area is Moshi Municipal specifically Amani Centre for Street Children and Mkombozi Children Centre, This because it will provide in-depth information about a particular small group and geographical area. 3.2Area of study
Moshi is a Tanzanian municipality with a population of 184,292 according to the 2012 census. The municipality is in the Kilimanjaro Region and is situated on the lower slopes of Mt Kilimanjaro, a dormant volcano that is the highest mountain in Africa. The municipality covers about 59 km2 and is the smallest municipality in Tanzania by area. Many people from the Chagga and Pare ethnic groups live in Moshi, which lies on the A23 Arusha–Himo east–west road connecting Arusha and Voi, Kenya. The economic activities which are found in Moshi are agriculture, industry and tourism. The rehabilitation institutions found in Moshi are; Gabriella Children Rehabilitation Center, Amani Center for Street Children, Compassionate Center for Street Children, Upendo Orphanage Center, Mkombozi Center for Children. Generally, the study will be carried out in Moshi Municipal particularly Amani and Mkombozi. The researcher selected this due to limited resources such as time and financial resources.
3.3study populations
Study population refers to the entire group of individuals or objects to which researchers are interested in generalizing the conclusions. The target population usually has varying characteristics and it is also known as the theoretical population. it is also the group which a research is intended to study (J, 2010).The intended populations in this proposal will be the MVCs and counselors in rehabilitation institution which are Amani centre for street children and Mkombozi centre found in Moshi municipal. It will comprise 100 total populations both MVCs in both centers, and their counselors in both Institution therefore the total study /targeted population is 100 people. The purpose of selecting these children Institutions it is because it will provide the accurate data of the study and also these centre do rehabilitate children who are venerable due to different reason like some are orphans others are living with HIV/AIDS so it will be easy to get accurate information on their behavioral modification since they arrived in the centre.

3.4Sample and sample size
Sample is selection taken from a larger group (the "population") so that you can examine it to find out something about the large group. (Coolican1994) .It sub-group parts of the study population used for research study.the sample size will be50 people total both MVCs and counselors

AMANI CENTER FOR STREET CHILDREN | MVCs TOTAL 21 | BOYS11 | GIRLS10 | COUNSELORS 3 | MKOMBOZI CHILDREN CENTER | MVCs22 | BOYS 10 | GIRLS 12 | COUNSELORS 2 |

3.5 Sampling procedure
Sampling is the technique or a process of choosing sub-group from study (targeted) population to participate in the study. The study will employ both probability and non- probability sampling. Under probability sampling the study will use simple randomly sampling while in non-probability the study will use purposive sampling.
The sample was chosen from the population by using both probability and non-probability procedures, the MVCs will be chosen using the probability sampling, this choice of probability was due the numbers of the sample in the total population. Counselors will be chosen by using the non-probability sampling, the researcher have decided to choose this because the number of the sample is smaller, so the researcher will go directly to the subject/sample and collect the data.
3.5.1 Simple Random Sampling
Is done when each member of the target population is assigned a consecutive number and then is selected randomly. During sampling of the MVCs, simple random will be assigned, this will involve all the children on the entered institution. In this it will depend on the place in their dining hall or smart area where they will gather. Children with age of 10 – 17 years old will be involved in the study. There will be a container which contained piece of paper with a consecutive number according to total size of the children then the child will be required to pick a paper from the container by chance and those who picked number 1-23 will be used as sample then they will be used to fill the questionnaire.
3.5.2 Purposive Sampling
This method / procedure, the choice of sampling unit depends on subjective judgment of the researcher. The researcher selects subjects based on his/her view that such person has the relevant information which is important for the study. So, Non probability sampling especially purposive sampling will be used in getting sample of counselors. This will be used primarily when there were a limited number of people that have expertise in the area being researched. Most of Rehabilitations Institutions in Moshi Municipal have few counselors one to three per institution. So this sampling which will be used will be appropriate.

3.6 Methods of dada collection
Data collection or method is the instruments which are used in the study to collect necessary information for the problem. The main instrument that will be used to collect data in this study will be questionnaires and interview. Therefore there will be two main types of data which will be obtained which are primary data and secondary Primary data will be those which will be collected fresh and for the first time and happen to be original in character and this will be obtained through the survey questions.
Another type of data will be secondary data. These will be those which have been already collected by someone else. This involves the collection and analysis or published documents in the library or from the published document in those institutions. Secondary data will be important to be used since statistical information and records might be needed.

3.6.1Questionnaire | Questionnaire is a means of eliciting the feelings, beliefs, experiences, perceptions, or attitudes of some sample of individuals. As a data collecting instrument, it could be structured or unstructured. The questionnaire is most frequently a very concise, preplanned set of questions designed to yield specific information to meet a particular need for research information about a pertinent topic. The research information is attained from respondents normally from a related interest area. The dictionary definition gives a clearer definition: A questionnaire is a written or printed form used in gathering information on some subject or subjects consisting of a list of questions to be submitted to one or more persons. (J&Levy, 2010) | This part will contain the number of printed questions which will be required to be answered by the respondent. The study will use both closed and open ended questions. The questioners I will provide to the counselors

3.6.2Interview
An interview is a conversation between two or more people where questions are asked by the interviewer to elicit facts or statements from the interviewee. Interviews are usually defined as a conversation with a purpose. They can be very helpful to your organization when you need information about assumptions and perceptions of activities in your community. They're also great if you're looking for in-depth information on a particular topic from an expert (I, 1989). The study also will use interview which will be semi- structured interview, this is because the researcher will rely on quantitative information and high degree of objective and clarification for comparison. Also the interview will be used to those MVCs because some may not know how to read and write so it is better to use interview. This method was flexible, allowed new question to be brought up during interview.

3.7Methods of data presentation and Analysis strategy
Data Analysis is the process of systematically applying statistical and/or logical techniques to describe and illustrate, compress and summarizing, and evaluate data (H, 1994).
The data will be analyzed through statistical package for social science( SSPS) vision 11.5 and summarized by using summary statistics, analysis followed by using graph, charts and table in terms of degree and percentage which was reflecting actual circumstance on described respondents numerical

3.8 Ethical consideration during the execution the study The study will be guide under research ethical considerations. In informed consent, a researcher will provide the information to the participant about the study that would be undertaken and respondent readiness. In confidentiality; the agreements between a researcher and the respondent that limit to other access to privacy information. This means, a researcher should assure no other information leak to other person. Other ethical issues that will be used include; avoiding harming in collecting data, doing justice to the participant in analyzing data, avoiding bias and incorrect reporting. Also the introductory letter will be used for introducing a researcher what is going to do and the time that the researcher will use to accomplish data collection.

Appendix 1: Work plan Date | Activity | Responsible personal | Place | September | Selection and submission of the research topic to the supervisor | Student | MWUCE | September-October | Research topic approval | Supervisor | MWUCE | October- November | Prepare and submission of the concept note to the supervisor | Student | MWUCE | November | Consultation to the supervisor and Research proposal writing | Student- Supervisor | MWUCE | November-December | Submission of the first proposal draft to the supervisor | Student | MWUCE | December | Submission of the second proposal draft to the supervisor | Student | MWUCE | January 2014 | Submission of the final proposal draft to the supervisor | Student | MWUCE | February-March,2014 | Data collection | Student | MOSHI | March-April, 2014 | Data analysis and report writing | Student | MWUCE | April-May, 2014 | Submission of the first draft of the report to the supervisor | Student | MWUCE | May,2014 | Submission of the second draft of the report to the supervisor | Student | MWUCE | June, 2014 | Submission of the final draft of the report | Student | MWUCE |

BUDGET ITEM | COST | Typing, Printing and Photocopies | 50000/= | Binding & Lamination | 10000/= | Transport and meal | 25000/= | Ream paper (1) | 5000/= | | | Internet | 20000/= | Communication | 10000/= | Five pens | 5000/= | Others | 25000/= | TOTAL | 150,000/= |

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Appendix For MVCs

Dear Students
I am YUSTA P MAHIKU, a third year SOCIOLOGY Student at Mwenge University. I am carry out a study entitled ‘‘The role of guidance and counseling services in BEHAVIORAL MODIFICATION TO MVCs IN REHABILITATION Moshi Municipal” I kindly request you to take part in this study by responding to the following questions. The information provided will be kept confidential and used for this study only.
Please select only one answer for each question. Put tick.
1. Gender: Female ( ) Male ( )
2. What is your age? (a)10-15 (b )16-18
4. Education Level: (a ) primary(b) secondary
Section B: General information on guidance and counseling services (please tick
Where appropriate)
5. Are you aware that the institution provides guidance and counseling services to Children?
Yes ( ) No ( )

6. Whom do you prefer to offer you guidance and counseling in rehabilitation institution?
A Female Counselor ( )
A Male Counselor ( )
Any of them ( )
Give reasons for your answer
…………………………………………………………………….………………
…………………………………………………………………………………….

7 Which of the areas listed below have you been given counseling services?

a) Social
b) Personal
c) Vocational
d) Spiritual If you have been assisted in any of the above areas, comment on how these services have been useful to you
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….………………………………………………………………………
……………………………
.8 Did your institution have guidance and counseling service YES ( ) NO ( )
9. Have you ever been counseled? YES ( ) NO ( )
10 Do you feel comfortable to tell counselor your problem? YES ( ) NO ( )
11 Do you think the guidance and counseling services has any important in your life?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
12. What problem will you be likely to suffer, if there is no guidance and counseling in your Institution?..........................................................................................................

Appendix II

Interview for counselors
Age 25-30( ) 31-45( ) 46-50( )
Gender male ( ) female ( )
Occupation employed ( ) non employed ( ) 1. How many children have you counseled in your Institution? What was the response 2. Which behavior is more likely to occur? 3. Do you think counseling and guidance can affect positively the relationship among children and care givers in your institution? How? 4. What are the major areas on children’s behavior which need counseling in your Institution? 5. What is your suggestion on the roles of guidance and counseling services on behavioral modification among MVCs? 6. Do you have records of all those who come to you for counseling services?

7 Do you have available resources for provision of guidance and counseling? 8 How do you get/reach your clients?