...NATIONAL FEDERATION OF PARALEGAL ASSOCIATIONS, INC. MODEL CODE OF ETHICS AND PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY AND GUIDELINES FOR ENFORCEMENT PREAMBLE The National Federation of Paralegal Associations, Inc. ("NFPA") is a professional organization comprised of paralegal associations and individual paralegals throughout the United States and Canada. Members of NFPA have varying backgrounds, experiences, education and job responsibilities that reflect the diversity of the paralegal profession. NFPA promotes the growth, development and recognition of the paralegal profession as an integral partner in the delivery of legal services. In May 1993 NFPA adopted its Model Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibility ("Model Code") to delineate the principles for ethics and conduct to which every paralegal should aspire. Many paralegal associations throughout the United States have endorsed the concept and content of NFPA's Model Code through the adoption of their own ethical codes. In doing so, paralegals have confirmed the profession's commitment to increase the quality and efficiency of legal services, as well as recognized its responsibilities to the public, the legal community, and colleagues. Paralegals have recognized, and will continue to recognize, that the profession must continue to evolve to enhance their roles in the delivery of legal services. With increased levels of responsibility comes the need to define and enforce mandatory rules of professional ...
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...In any business there are stakeholders. Stakeholders are individuals such as employees, customers, members of the community, and even investors. If someone is affected by a business decision, or if he or she has an interest in the company, then he or she is a stakeholder. Who are the stakeholders of this large company? Joe, District Manager of Computer Operations; Mary, Division Manager—Information Systems; John, President and CEO, the individual who wrote the anonymous letter, the company’s stockholders, customer’s, families of employees, and the community who have an interest or depend of the company for different reasons. What are the interests of the stakeholders? Joe was recently promoted to the position of District Manager of Computer Operations of this company. John is the CEO and received an anonymous letter stating: A recent installed and very expensive computer system does not perform as expected and has not produced the expected results. The computer information system represents a major financial investment by the company. Joe has been aware that the system’s actual performance is like what was described in the anonymous letter. Joe has reported his findings to Mary. Mary tells Joe that John expects a reply to the anonymous letter. Mary wants Joe’s reply to the letter to be a positive statement stating: “The system is performing as projected and that all savings portrayed in the original justification documents are being achieved.” This statement in the letter is...
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...A Look at Ethics David Schlueter ETH/316 March 24, 2014 Dr. Ellen Beattie A Look at Ethics The three different theories of ethics that will be examined here will be Virtue ethics, Utilitarianism, and Deontology. The focus of this paper will be a brief description of each of the theories as well as the similarities and differences of each. For the most part, all three of these theories depend upon the person doing what is right or good. Virtue ethics is all about achieving excellence in everything that a person does. This theory focuses on the individual and that person's actions. For this reason, these ethics are also known as agent or character values. The theory of Utilitarianism is all about the individual doing the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people. This theory follows the beliefs that an action is morally right if it benefits the largest segment of the population regardless of what the action is. For this theory to work in a society there needs to be a general agreement of what is right among the community (Boylan, p. 154, 2009). Deontology is a theory that put focus on the individual to act for the soul fact that a person believes this act is inherently right. The person does this act without a thought process, the person just does it because it's what that person believe is right. This theory revolves around the individuals personal beliefs. This theory also is tied into utilitarianism because of...
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...Globalization Ethical Issues Our world of business is growing at a rapid pace each day and the increase in interaction leads to more difficulties in globalization. What is globalization? Globalization is the history of our world’s countries interacting with one another in ways that exchanges cultural beliefs and behaviors as well as adapting new ideas and customs through the growth of technology and advancement in evolutionary customs. More and more countries interact with one another and it leads to all types of different results in cultural changes. There is proof of a definite loss in cultural among countries affected by globalization. Alongside this growth there is a need for structure, guidance, and training to accommodate managers and employees involved in globalization. Learning about the new cultures is not the only dilemma at hand. One main concern is dealing with payoffs and bribes. This kind of ethical issue can cause serious problems. Because of the frequency of this issue the US congress passed the Foreign Corrupt Practice Act (or FCPA) in hopes of prohibiting the bribery involving US corporations. This brings up another money saving/ethical issue commonly known to globalization, loss of jobs from 1st world countries. It is true that sometimes products cost less to make in other countries. Businesses sometimes utilize the lower costs by moving jobs or entire factories overseas in order to cut labor costs and have a bigger profit. Smaller countries have to deal with...
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...Business Ethics and Employment Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Business Ethics and Employment Every business needs to have moral guidelines that govern its operations. These moral guidelines are referred to as ethics. Businesses have an obligation to behave ethically, that is, doing what is morally right. Behaving ethically in the business environment is widely considered to be a good business practice. Werhane (2015) sums it when she says “being good is good business.” Ethics in business cover almost every aspect of business for example, in finances, in handling customers, in waste disposal and also in staff recruitment. This paper will discuss why discrimination in hiring, retaining and remunerating staff is unethical in business. Discrimination in the workplace was such a serious and frequent occurrence that the government developed the affirmative action policy. Affirmative action requires that business when hiring recognize the fact that all people to need be accorded equal and full consideration on the basis of their qualifications and merit. Affirmative action was created in order to promote the hiring of individuals in protected groups especially minorities and women (Rowland and Loury, 2010). The policy allows for active measures to be taken in order to avoid the non-discrimination of women and minorities in the work place. Rowland and Loury (2010) explain that affirmative action is the banning of discrimination against disadvantaged people. It requires that equal...
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...1. Etika i moralni razvoj Etičke dileme su svuda oko nas i sastavni su dio našeg života Etika nam pomaže prilikom donošenja odluka Etika se razlikuje od morala po tome što je moral povezan sa religijskim vjerovanjem i osobnim ponašanjem, dok etika govori o racionalnom procesu primjene postojećih principa prilikom sudara dva moralna ograničenja Etika je grana filozofije koja se bavi moralnom komponentom ljudskog života i obično se naziva filozofija morala. Ona odražava shvaćanje društva što je ispravno a što nije Ona podrazumijeva procjenu i primjenu moralnih vrijednosti koje društvo ili kultura prihvaćaju kao svoje norme. Proučavanje etike u zapadnom svijetu počinje prije 2500 godina METAETIKA – proučava karakteristike ili prirodu etike. Istražuje apstraktne pojmove kao što su dobro, ispravno, pravda i poštenje i pokušava identificirati one vrijednosti koje predstavljaju najbolje moralne vrijednosti. Temelj je mnogih medijskih kodeksa. Ona nudi širok temelj za etičko donošenje odluka, ali ne daje smjernice kako stići iz točke A u točku B NORMATIVNA ETIKA - razvija opće teorije, pravila i principe moralnog postupanja. Pravila i principi predstavljaju etičke markere bilo kojeg civiliziranog društva, smjernice zamišljene da se iz kaosa izvuku moralni red. Ona daje temelj etičkom odlučivanju. PRIMJENJENA ETIKA – grana filozofije koja se bavi rješavanjem problema. Ovdje se koriste saznanja izvedena iz metaetike i općih principa i pravila normativne etike da bi se rješavala konkretna...
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...faced by Acme Corporation is not having the knowledge on how to treat their consumers. 2) What should Acme do if there is a desire to make ethics a part of its core organizational values? • Must have means to practice social reponsiblity, while serving customers valuing, their employees and establishing trust with the public. Ethical conduct toward customer builds a strong competitive positon that has been shown to positivey affect business performance and product innovation. Also if generally accepeted that customer satisfaction is one of the most important factors in corporation, then the bussiness would become successful. The corporation must continue to develop and adapt products to keep pace with customers’ changing desires and perferences to develop long term relationships with its customers and stakeholders. 3) Identify the ethical issues of which Frank needs to be aware. • Franks needs to be aware of how to deal with personal moral dilemmas.also able to recognise the relationship between bussiness ethics and personal ethics 4) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each decision that Frank could make. • When frank seeks an increase in the contact the disadvantage is the themocare wasn’t ready for the type of increase ready for them. The advantage was after, when frank desiced to use his bussiness ethics to get it .then themocare was ready to make a deal with him. • When frank wanted to suggest going to...
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...CHAPTER 1: THE IMPORTANCE OF BUSINESS ETHICS Ethics- Inquiry into the nature and grounds of morality where the term of morality is taken to mean moral judgments, standards and rules of conduct. The American Heritage Dictionary- Ethics- The study of the general nature of morals and of specific moral choices, moral philosophy, and the rules or standards governing the conducts of the members of a profession. Applying Ethics to business: 1.To survive, business must earn a profit 2. Business must balance their desires for profits against the needs and desires of society. Business ethics comprises the principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business. CHAPTER 2: STAKEHOLDER RELATIONSHIPS, SOCIAL RESPONDSIBILITY, AND CORPERATE GOVERNANCE. In a business context, customers, investors and shareholders, employees, suppliers, government agencies, communities, and many others who have a “stake” or claim in some aspect of a company’s products, operations, markets, industry, and outcomes are known as stakeholders. These groups are influenced by business, but they also have the ability to influence businesses; thus, the relationship between companies and their stakeholders is a two-way street. Stakeholders provide resources that are more or less critical to a firm’s long-term success. These resources may be both tangible and intangible. Primary stakeholders are those whose continued association is absolutely necessary for a firm’s survival; these include...
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...Case Study for the Ethical Problem in Business Bus 508 The Bussiness Enterprise Introduction Business owners need to be concerned not only about profit, but also about social responsibility too. Social responsibility is often mandated by certain consumer protection laws, but it benefits business owners to make social responsibility a part of their business plan in order to provide a positive image and reputation in the marketplace. If firms want to do well for their business in the long term, they must have ethics and social responsibility. Social Responsibility includes: Responsibilities to the general public include dealing with public health issues, protecting the environment, and developing the quality of their workforce. Responsibilities to the customer include considering the customer’s rights, such as the right to be safe, the right to be informed, the right to choose, and the right to be heard. Responsibilities to Investors and the Financial Community Responsibilities to Employees. Companies require skill and knowledge from their employees to properly get the job done for them, so the company can earn a profit. In return the companies have wide ranging responsibilities to their employees. These include workplace safety, quality of life issues, ensuring...
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...2 BAE Business Report on Santos Name: Chun-Ting, Chen (Ting) Number: 30611 Class: BAE 5 Date: 20/06/2012 Table of Contents Executive summary 1 1. Introduction 2 2. Evaluation of ethical performance 3 2.1 Environmental issues 3 3. Evaluation of financial performance of Santos 5 3.1 Share price history 5 4. Recommendation 7 References 8 Executive summary Evaluating companies for their ethical and financial performance are important processes before deciding whether these firms could be invested in. The report aims at analyzing the energy company of Santos and to assist the client who is interesting in making ethical investment. This report focuses on environmental concern with pollution and the financial performance. The results indicate Santos did not perform ethically. The way of fracking could cause water pollution as well as fracking would endanger the health of human beings. In terms of financial performance, analyzing of financial performance of share price history over five past years indicated decrease. Overall, the graph shows that the share price fall dramatically in these years. It is recommended that not to invest in Santos, due to the ethical issue of fracking would pollute environment and damage health of people and the decline of the share price...
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...Ethical Dilemma – Samouel’s Greek Cuisine Joshua has spent several hours researching his portion of his team project. His job is to collect secondary data. The conflicting information that Joshua has found is still considered secondary data even though it is not from a reputable firm. Secondary business data can be very helpful in determining the correct business path for a company to go in. The data, though conflicting should still be incorporated and explained in his research findings to his group. The data is from a government -sponsored website and may be very valuable. Joshua should stay late and examine the quality of the data he has found on the conflicting website. He needs to look at the reliability and the validity of the data that is presented. Who is the information being provided through and how was it collected, and is it free from bias? What was the data in the study originally collected for and does that influence the outcome. The information is from a government sponsored website so there is some credibility in the source. I do not feel that Joshua should ignore this research in his findings. If Joshua feels that he does not want to include this data he should talk to his group and explain why he feels it is not relevant. It should not be hidden from the findings if it has a role to play in the research and can help the restaurant’s performance in the future. There is a value in secondary research and when it is used appropriately...
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...Enoch Olutayo Dr Kristin Rajan Engl 1102-222 6th September 2013 Courage is a virtue As a kid, I watched a lot of cartoons. Some were memorable and had an impact on my life, while some were not. One of the most memorable was a cartoon called ‘Courage the Cowardly Dog’. You can probably see from the title that this cartoon was very interesting. It has had a big impact on my philosophy as I have learnt life facts from watching it. I believe that I wouldn’t be the same person that I am today if I never came across it. I think it’s safe to say that as a kid, I did not know and understand a lot of things. The world to me was in black and white. You were either the good guy or the bad guy and when I watched TV, I always liked the good guys. This was how I felt when watching ‘Courage the Cowardly Dog’ but all that started to change as I grew up. This cartoon was about a dog named Courage that was adopted by a woman named Muriel. She found him abandoned on a trash can hungry and needing a diaper change. Her and her husband, Eustace, were on their way home when she saw him and immediately fell in love with him. Courage loved Muriel for being nice and loving, almost like a mother to him, so he always took care of her. As you can probably see from the title of the show, Courage’s name is a contradiction of his actual personality. He got frightened by almost anything and was always suspicious of people and activities that happened around him. They lived in the middle of nowhere, which...
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...Running Head: VIEWING ETHICS THROUGH MY EYES Viewing Ethics through My Eyes Business Ethics Heather Morgan Aiken Technical College Running Head: VIEWING ETHICS THROUGH MY EYES Abstract Ethical choices are made every second, rather knowing it or not, you make one every day. Versus being in a work environment, at a school activity, or being around friends and family. Every one's views are different when it comes to ethics and it all relates back to how you view situations and how you intend to follow through with the choices you make. Ethics relates back to how you were raised; rather through spiritual beliefs or in the home. Everyone's beliefs are different and that's what makes ethics it's own virtual way of views. Running Head: VIEWING ETHICS THROUGH MY EYES Viewing Ethics through My Eyes Business Ethics Ethics can be perceived in more than one form. I view it in the sense of virtue ethics, based on character traits people have that are good (Anne T. Lawrence, James F. Weber, 2011, p. 83). The method I would enforce would be the justice method (p. 83). Everything should be based off a fair and just form no matter the person, they should all be treated equal. I have an older brother and my parents raised us equally, even though we are four years apart in age. Anything he received, I received the same thing or something of the same value. I was raised to believe that...
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...In the article “Don’t Leave Your Hand in the Cookie Jar,” the author states that John Davies and Karl Schumaker have totally opposite opinions about how to make the year-end adjusting entries for 2009. John is an assistant controller. He has a master’s degree in accounting, is a CPA, and has three years of solid experience with a major accounting firm. Karl, John’s immediate boss, a controller, is 20 years older than John, and he has a B.S. in management and a general M.B.A. from a top graduate school. Moreover, he has over 25 years of corporate accounting and finance experience even though he has no public accounting experience. The adjusting entries in question consist of accounts receivable bad debt, product returns, and product warranties. The accounts receivable bad debt is the first accounting adjustment they have different opinion. Karl would to prefer to bring the bad debt up to 3% of sale this year from 2.75% last year because he thinks an economic slowdown is coming. Besides, Karl believes in conservative accounting, so he thinks that the accountants should use the least favorable amount. However, John thinks the bad debt should be keep as same as 2.5%. John said that he does not see the need to bump up the bad debt percentages, and he mentioned they can adjust it in future as needed. The second adjusting entry they hold the opinion differ from each other is product returns. Karl wants to keep the 1% on product returns, but John thinks the product returns should...
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...Whitney Summers Ms. Wert English 101 H December 3, 2012 Genetic Engineering Just imagine the scene: and newlywed wife and husband are sitting down with a catalog, browsing joyously, pointing and awing at all the different options, fantasizing about all the possibilities that could become of their future. Is this a catalog for new furniture? No. This catalog for all features, phenotype and genotype, for the child they are planning to have. It is basically a database for parents to pick and choose all aspects of their children, from the sex of the child, to looks, and even to personality traits. Parents since the beginning of time have “planned” to have children, but never have they been able to legitimately “plan” out their child. This scene does not seem typical for our time and age, but truthfully it is what is becoming of our world. Through substantial research and experimentation that is taking place, scientists, specifically biologists, are becoming keener to the field of engineering; Genetic engineering that is. When one thinks of “genetic engineering,” the first thought is probably a perfect child, or paradoxically some inconceivable creature, forged under the microscope in a scientific laboratory. Though both of these are genetic engineering, many people do not consider other things, such as genetic engineering of agriculture and medicine, both of which are extremely useful. Through the genetic altering of plants and crops, scientists have been able to manipulate...
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